Accounting for Ministers :Scandal and Survival in British Government 1945–2007

Publication subTitle :Scandal and Survival in British Government 1945–2007

Author: Samuel Berlinski;Torun Dewan;Keith Dowding;  

Publisher: Cambridge University Press‎

Publication year: 2012

E-ISBN: 9781316926826

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780521519724

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780521519724

Subject: D034 State institutions;D52 世界政治制度与国家机构

Keyword: 政治、法律

Language: ENG

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Description

Uses the tools of modern political science to analyse the factors which determine the fortunes of Cabinet ministers. This book uses the tools of modern political science to analyse how the fortunes of Cabinet ministers are determined. Using a unique dataset of ministers from 1945 to 2007, it examines the factors that lead to ministerial selection and durability, providing new insights into the nature of Cabinet government. This book uses the tools of modern political science to analyse how the fortunes of Cabinet ministers are determined. Using a unique dataset of ministers from 1945 to 2007, it examines the factors that lead to ministerial selection and durability, providing new insights into the nature of Cabinet government. Accounting for Ministers uses the tools of modern political science to analyse the factors which determine the fortunes of Cabinet ministers. Utilising agency theory, it describes Cabinet government as a system of incentives for prime ministerial and parliamentary rule. The authors use a unique dataset of ministers from 1945 to 2007 to examine the structural and individual characteristics that lead to the selection and durability of ministers. Sensitive to historical context, it describes the unique features of different Prime Ministers and the sorts of issues and scandals that lead to the forced exit of ministers. The authors identify the structural factors that determine ministerial performance and tenure, seeing resignation calls as performance indicators. Probing the nature of individual and collective responsibility within Westminster forms of government, its rigorous analysis provides powerful new insights into the nature of Cabinet government. 1. Introduction; 2. Managing the Cabinet: principal-agent relations in government; 3. The structure of British government; 4. Who serves in government and how long do they last?; 5. The Prime Minister and Cabinet; 6. Performance measures and forced exits; 7. Ministerial performance and tenure; 8. Conclusions; Bibliography; Index. 'For those used to studies of parliamentary systems in which the government is treated [as] The Government - that is, as a unitary actor, the present volume by Berlinski, Dewan, and Dowding will come as welcome relief. In this superb piece of theoretical and empirical analysis, the authors 'unpack' the government and provide us with a model of its internal workings. In the process we are given a theoretical account of who serves as government minister, their comings and goings, their management by the prime minister, and ultimately their performance. The analysis is clear and accessible; the empirical work persuasive; and the conclusions illuminating. This is a fine piece of work.' Kenneth A. Shepsle, Harvard University 'Berlinski, Dewan and Dowding take the rich evidence of ministerial scandals and Prime Ministerial decision-making to provide a robust analysis of the accountability and effectiveness of British government. Using the tools of political science they build a powerful model of performance and responsibility which provides great insight into the nature and outcomes of British democratic politics.' Alistair McMillan, University of Sheffield

Chapter

Empirical evidence

Parliamentary democracy

The prime minister and cabinet

Applying the agency model in parliamentary democracies

The cabinet as a system of incentives

Cabinet selection

Our data and questions

3 The structure of British government

Constitutional situation

The cabinet

Ministers

The jobs of ministers

Choosing ministers

Ministerial responsibility

Individual ministerial responsibility

Collective cabinet responsibility

Government changes

4 Who serves in government and how long do they last?

Who serves

Power relations in British government

Ministerial characteristics

How long do ministers last?

Hazard rates and survivor functions

Education effects

Effects of gender and other characteristics

Political effects

Separating the effect of individual characteristics

The determinants of ministerial hazard rates

Conclusion

5 The prime minister and cabinet

Prime ministerial styles

Clement Attlee – 26 July 1945 to 26 October 1951 (two administrations)

Winston Churchill – 26 October 1951 to 5 April 1955 (one administration)

Anthony Eden – 5 April 1955 to 9 January 1957 (two administrations)

Harold Macmillan – 5 January 1957 to 18 October 1963 (two administrations)

Alec Douglas-Home – 18 October 1963 to 16 October 1964 (one administration)

Harold Wilson – 16 October 1964 to 19 June 1970 (two administrations)

Edward Heath – 19 June 1970 to 4 March 1974 (one administration)

Harold Wilson – 4 March 1974 to 5 April 1976 (two administrations)

James Callaghan – 5 April 1976 to 4 May 1979 (one administration)

Margaret Thatcher – 4 May 1979 to 28 November 1990 (three administrations)

John Major – 28 November 1990 to 2 May 1997 (two administrations)

Tony Blair – 2 May 1997 to 27 June 2007 (three administrations)

Survivor functions for different prime ministers

Conclusion

6 Performance measures and forced exits

Introduction

Resignations and non-resignations

Differences between prime ministers and parties

Proximate causes of forced exits

Conclusions

7 Ministerial performance and tenure

Our assumptions

Ministerial motives

Misalignment of incentives

Imperfect information

Performance and tenure

Resignation calls as performance indicators

Descriptive analysis

Empirical strategy

Hazard rate estimates

Conclusions

8 Conclusion

References

Index

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