Minireviews of the Neurosciences :Volume 13, 14, 15

Publication subTitle :Volume 13, 14, 15

Author: Brodie   Bernard B.;Bressler   R.  

Publisher: Elsevier Science‎

Publication year: 2013

E-ISBN: 9781483181769

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780080197234

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780080197234

Subject: Q189 Neurobiology

Keyword: 神经病学与精神病学

Language: ENG

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Description

Minireviews of the Neurosciences from Life Sciences discusses the regulation of tryptophan and tyrosine hydroxylase. This book also addresses the neurochemical correlations of synaptically active amino acids.
This book deals first with the role of calcium in the central effects of biogenic amines; neuroendocrinology of human sleep; factors in central serotonergic synapse regulation; noradrenergic mediation of traumatic spinal cord; role of cyclic nucleotides in visual excitation; and function and organization of chromaffin vesicle. Other chapters consider the analysis of nerve growth factor, the sympathetic regulation of thyroid hormone secretion, and the mechanism if trans-synaptic enzyme induction. A study of the functions of the catecholamines and acetylcholine in endocrine regulation is presented. The final chapters examine the effects of brain monoamines in male sexual behavior and the behavior of L-dopa in Parkinson’s disease.
The book can provide useful information to neurologists, students, and researchers.

Chapter

Role of ATP and Chromogranins in the Storage of Catecholamines

Role of Membrane Proteins in the Uptake of Catecholamines - Evidence for Amine Transport Utilizing Membrane ATPase and an amine carrier

Biosynthesis of Catecholamines

Secretion

Concluding Remarks

References

Chapter 3. NERVE GROWTH FACTOR

Structure of NGF

The Origin of NGF

Mechanism of NGF Action

References

Chapter 4. TASTE RECEPTOR PROTEINS

Sweet Receptors

Proteins Characteristic of Taste Buds

Bitter Receptors

Other Taste Receptors

References

Chapter 5. THE ROLE OF CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDES IN VISUAL EXCITATION

Summary

References

Chapter 6. THE ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR: PROGRESS REPORT

Cells

Structure of the ACH Binding Site

Quantitation and Localization

Membrane Fragments

Binding of Cholinergic Agents

Affinity Labeling

Permeability Control in Membrane Vesicles

Solution

Solubilization

Purification

Molecular Weight and Size

Binding of Cholinergic Agents

Antibodies to ACHR

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 7. REGULATION OF TRYPTOPHAN AND TYROSINE HYDROXYLASE

PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF TYROSINE AND TRYPTOPHAN HYDROXYLASE

REGULATION OF ENZYME LEVELS

IN VIVO REGULATION OF HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

Chapter 8. SERUM DOPAMINE β-HYDROXYLASE AS AN INDEX OF SYMPATHETIC FUNCTION

Properties of DBH

Release of DBH

Sources and Turnover of Serum DBH in Animals

Assays of Human Serum DBH

Human Serum DBH Activity in Normal and Disease States

Serum DBH Changes in Disease States

Conclusions

References

Chapter 9. POSSIBILITIES FOR DRUG DEVELOPMENT BASED ON THE CYCLIC AMP SYSTEM

(Received 20 August 1973; in final form 20 August 1973)

References

Chapter 10. REGULATION OF PHOSPHORYLASE b TO α CONVERSION IN MUSCLE

Phosphorylase b Kinase

Protein-Glycogen Complex

Catecholamine-Stimulated Phosphorylase b to α Conversion

Phosphorylase b to α Conversion in Contracting Skeletal Muscle

Phosphorylase b to α Conversion in Cardiac Muscle

Conversion of Phosphorylase b to α in Smooth Muscle

The Role of α2+ in the Regulation of Phosphorylase b to α Conversion in Muscle

The Regulation of Phosphorylase α Production in Muscle by Factors Other than Cα2+

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

Chapter 11. SYMPATHETIC REGULATION OF THYROID HORMONE SECRETION

(Received in final form 13 November 1973)

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 12. ROLE OF CYCLIC AMP IN THE ACTION OF ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE ON KIDNEY

(Received in final form 4 September 1973)

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 13. TRANS-SYNAPTIC ENZYME INDUCTION

(Received in final form 6 November 1973)

Trans-synaptic Induction of Tyrosine Hydroxylase

Specificity of Trans-svnaptic Induction

Relationship between Duration of Increased Neuronal Activity and Time Requirement for the Single Steps of Enzyme Induction

First and Second Messenger of Trans-synaptic Induction

Trans-synaptic Enzyme Induction as a Long-term Adaptation to Increased Transmitter Utilization

Importance of Trans-svnaptic Regulation for Growth and Development of the Peripheral Sympathetic Nervous System

Concluding Remarks

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 14. DO CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDES PROMOTE THE TRANS-SYNAPTIC INDUCTION

INTRODUCTION

NICOTINIC RECEPTORS AND CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDES OF ADRENAL MEDULLA

TRANS-SYNAPTIC INDUCTION OF TH IN ADRENAL MEDULLA: INVOLVEMENT OF CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDES

ADRENAL DEMEDULLAT1ON : A MODEL TO STUDY TRANS-SYNAPTIC CONTROL OF TH ACTIVITY IN SYMPATHETIC GANGLIA

INDUCTION OF TH ACTIVITY IN SYMPATHETIC GANGLIA OF ADRENAL DEMEDULLATED RATS: INVOLVEMENT OF CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDES

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

Chapter 15. SUBSTANCE P

Summary

Discovery and Partial Purification of Substance P

The Isolation of a Sialogogic Peptide; its Characterization as Substance P

Radioimmunoassay For Substance P

Physiological Roles of Substance P

References

Chapter 16. TO SPRITZ OR NOT TO SPRITZt THE DOUBTFUL VALUE OF ATMLESS IONTOPHORESIS

Technical Considerations

BIOLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS

PHARMACOLOOIC CONSIDERATIONS

ACTIONS OF CATECHOLAMINES IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

Conclusions

References

Chapter 17. THE USE OF AUTORADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES FOR THE IDENTIFICATION AND MAPPING OF TRANSMITTER-SPECIFIC NEURONES IN THE BRAIN

Introduction

MONOAMINES

AMINO ACIDS

CONCLUSIONS

References

Chapter 18. NEUROTRANSMITTER UPTAKE: A TOOL IN IDENTIFYING NEUROTRANSMITTER-SPECIFIC PATHWAYS

(Received in final form 8 October 1973)

Brief Review of the Literature

Methods and Their Uses

References

Chapter 19. REGULATION OF SEROTONIN SYNTHESIS

Summary

Introduction

Role of Tryptophan in the Regulation of 5-HT Synthesis

Rate of Tryptophan Hydroxylation

Discussion

References

Chapter 20. SOME FACTORS IN THE REGULATION OF CENTRAL SEROTONERGIC SYNAPSES

Summary

Introduction

The Biochemical Anatomy of the Serotonergic System in the Brain

Factors Influencing the Supply of Substrate To the Presynaptic Biosynthetic Apparatus

Regulation of the Activity or Amount of Tryptophan Hydroxylase in Brain

A Degradative Process for 5-HT That May be Related to Synaptic Function

References

Chapter 21. NEUROCHEMICAL CORRELATES OF SYNAPTICALLY ACTIVE AMINO ACIDS

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

Chapter 22. THE ROLE OF CALCIUM IN THE CENTRAL EFFECTS OF BIOGENIC AMINES

Biogenic Amines in the·Cerebral Cortex

The Action of Calcium on Cortical Neurones

Metallic Cations and Cerebral Neurones

Studies with Calcium Antagonists

References

Chapter 23. ANOTHER LOOK AT THE MONOAMINE OXIDASES AND THE MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR DRUGS

SEPARATION OF MULTIPLE FORMS OF MAO BY ELECTROPHONES IS

THE USE OF SELECTIVE SUBSTRATES AND DRUGS TO DEMONSTRATE MULTIPLE FORMS OF MAO

SOME PROPERTIES OF THE MAO'S

LOCALIZATION OF THE MAO'S

HUMAN PLATELET MAO

THE CONSEQUENCES OF ADMINISTERING SPECIFIC MAO INHIBITOR DRUGS ON AMINE METABOLISM IN BRAIN

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

Chapter 24. THE ROLE OF CATECHOLAMINES AND ACETYLCHOLINE IN THE REGULATION OF ENDOCRINE FUNCTION

Adrenal Medulla

Kidney: Juxtaglomerular Cells

Kidney: Erythrogenin-Secreting Cells

Pancreatic Islets: β Cells

Pancreatic Islets: α Cells

Pineal

Parathyroid Gland

Calcitonin-Secreting and Gastrointestinal Endocrine Cells

Control of Thyroid, Adrenocorticoid and Gonadal Secretion

Hypothalamic Control of Anterior Pituitary Secretion

Growth Hormone

LH and FSH

Prolactin

Intermediate Lobe of the Pituitary

Posterior Pituitary Secretion

Conclusion

References

Chapter 25. THE NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY OF HUMAN SLEEP

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Growth Hormone (GH)

Gonadotropins and Testosterone

Prolactin (PRL)

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Discussion

References

Chapter 26. Role of Brain Monoamines in Male Sexual Behavior

Effect of PCPA on the sexual behavior of the male rat

Effect of PCPA on the sexual behavior of other animal species

Role of testosterone and other hormones in the PCPA effect

Effect of reserpine and tetrabenazine

Brain catecholamines and sexual behavior

Conclusion

REFERENCES

Chapter 27. AREA POSTREMA: CHEMORECEPTOR TRIGGER ZONE FOR VOMITING - IS THAT ALL?

Topology of the area postrema

Ultrastructural features and barrier properties

Nerve cells, fibers and humors

Vomiting and other functions of AP

REFERENCES

Chapter 28. NORADRENERGIC MEDIATION OF TRAUMATIC SPINAL CORD AUTODESTRUCTION1,2

The Norepinephrine Hypothesis About Hemorrhagic Necrosis of Severe Spinal Cord Injury

Catecholamine Spinal Vascular Ennervation

Chemical NE Studies

Supporting Experimental Evidence For The NE Spinal Injury Hypothesis

Central Versus Peripheral Origin Of Injured Spinal Cord NE Elevation

Summary

References

Chapter 29. THE MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF L-DOPA IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE

I. L-dopa as a Dopamine replenishing drug

II. L-Dopa Therapy and Displacement of Brain Serotonin

III. 3-O-Methyl-Dopa - Depot Source for Dopamine?

IV. The Role of Norepinephrine

V. Condensation Products of Dopamine And the Antiparkinson Action of L-Dopa

VI. Some Clinico-Pharmacological Problems Related to L-Dopa Therapy

References

Chapter 30. SOME SPECULATIONS CONCERNING A POSSIBLE BIOCHEMICAL BASIS OF MINIMAL BRAIN DYSFUNCTION

The extent of the minimal brain dysfunction syndrome

A Possible Biochemical Basis for MBD

Chapter 31. BRAIN MECHANISMS IN MOTOR CONTROL

1. The Cerebral Motor Cortex

2. The Cerebellum and the Basal Ganglia

3. Aspects of Movement

4. Outlook for Future Research

References

Chapter 32. MOLECULAR CODING OF MEMORY

Chemical Correlates of Learning and Memory

Biological Assay

Validity of the Bioassay Approach

Chemical Properties of the Active Substances

Specificity of the Behavioral Bioassays

Is a molecular code necessary?

References

Chapter 33. THE BIOCHEMICAL BASIS OF LEARNING AND MEMORY

Concluding Remarks

Acknowledgement

References

Chapter 34. OPIATE RECEPTORS

Structure-Activity Relationships

Attempts to Localize Receptors in Tissues

Progress in Receptor Purification

Other Binding Studies with Membrane Fragments

References

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