Chapter
4. ATTEMPTS TO PROTECT FOREST RESERVES FROM ENCROACHMENT
4.1. Nature of Conflict between the Task Force and Farmers
5. EVALUATION OF GOVERNMENT’S ANTI-FOREST ENCROACHMENT PROGRAMME
Chapter 3 A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF PLANTATION DEVELOPMENT
2. NUTRIENT LOADING: APPLICATION, BENEFITS AND LOADING PERSISTENCE
3.1. Does Growth (Sink Demand) Control Photosynthesis?
3.2. Is Root Growth Dependent on Current Photosynthate?
4. MODEL OF N TRANSFER WITHIN PLANT TISSUES
Chapter 4 GROWTH AND MANAGEMENT OF TEAK (TECTONA GRANDIS LINN F.) PLANTATIONS IN GHANA
2. THE CRITICAL SILVICS OF TEAK
2.1. General Description and Natural Distribution of Teak
2.2. Site and Soil Requirement
2.3. Establishment and Early Growth
2.4. The Growth and Yield of Teak
2.5. Adverse Environmental Effects of Teak Plantations
3.1. Climatic and Site Characteristics
3.3.1. Volume Estimates for Teak Plantations in the Savannah Zone
3.3.2. Site Index Development
3.3.3. Empirical Yield Models for Northern Ghana
3.3.4. Diameter and Height Distribution Models
4.1. Growth and Yield Estimates
4.2. Site Index Estimates of Teak in Ghana
4.4. Diameter and Height Distribution Models
APPENDIX A. PROVISIONAL YIELD TABLES FOR TEAK PLANTATIONS IN THE SZ
APPENDIX B. PROVISIONAL YIELD TABLES FOR TEAK PLANTATIONS IN THE HFZ
APPENDIX C. PARAMETER ESTIMATES OF DIAMETER AND HEIGHT OF INDIVIDUAL TEAK PLANTATIONS IN THE SZ
PART II. WILDLIFE RESOURCES
Chapter 5 BUSHMEAT CRISIS AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN GHANA: TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
2. HISTORY OF WILDLIFE USE AND MANAGEMENT IN GHANA
2.1. Traditional Wildlife Use
2.2. Legislative Framework
3. CURRENT BUSHMEAT ENTERPRISE IN GHANA
3.1. Contemporary Wildlife Use
3.3. Actors Involved in the Bushmeat Industry
3.4. Methods of Bushmeat Hunting
3.5. Composition of Bushmeat off Takes
3.6. Contribution of Bushmeat to Food Security
4. WHY DO PEOPLE HUNT BUSHMEAT?
5. SUSTAINABILITY OF BUSHMEAT HARVESTS
6. THE SEARCH FOR SOLUTIONS TO THE BUSHMEAT CRISIS
6.1. Past and Current Efforts
International/regional Efforts
6.2. Towards a Sustainable Future of Wildlife Conservation
6.2.1. Government’s Responsibility
Case Study 1: Controlling Hunting in a National Park
6.2.2. Local Community Involvement
Case Study 2: Zimbabwe's Campfire Programme
6.2.3. Forestry and Bushmeat Harvest
Case Study 3: Private Logging Sector Co-management of Hunting
6.2.4. The Role of Non-governmental Organisations
Case Study 4: The Nazinga Game Ranch
6.2.5. The Role of Bushmeat Actors
Case Study 5: Regulating Demand for Wild Meat
6.2.6. The Role of International Organisations/Donors
Case Study 6: Minkebe Project: WWF/MINEF-Bordamur
Chapter 6 HUNTING AND TRADING BUSHMEAT IN NORTHERN GHANA
APPENDIX 1: WILD ANIMAL SPECIES PRESENT AND USUALLY HUNTED IN THE THREE NORTHERN REGIONS OF GHANA
Chapter 7 WILDLIFE CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN RURAL COMMUNITIES IN GHANA: THE CASE OF GIANT AFRICAN SNAILS IN THE BIA BIOSPHERE RESERVE
2.1. UNESCO Biosphere Reserves Concept /MAB Programme
2.2. Ghana’s Biosphere Reserve
2.3. Biosphere Reserves for Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Development in Anglophone Africa (BRAAF) Project
4.3. Results from Phase I
4.3.1. Demography of Interviewees
4.3.3. Loss of “Buffer Zones”
4.3.4. Giant African Snail Species Present
4.3.6. Knowledge about Current Status of Snails
4.3.7. Abundance of Giant African Snails
4.3.8. Options for Snail Farming
4.3.9. Causes of Decline in Abundance of A. Achatina
4.3.10. Origin of A. Fulica at BBR Environs
4.3.11. Snail Seasons of the Year
4.3.12. Traditional Customs Regulating Wild Snail Harvesting
4.3.13. Wildlife Division’s Strategy for Wild Snail Harvesting
4.4. Results from Phase II
4.4.1. Giant African Snail Species Present in the BBR
4.4.2. Snail Distribution in the BBR
4.4.4. Snail Encounter Rates
6. OPTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE RURAL SNAIL INDUSTRY
PART III. COMMUNITY-BASED NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
Chapter 8 CLAIMS AND REALITIES OF COMMUNITY-BASED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF RURAL FISHERIES IN GHANA
2. THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS
3. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
4. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT THE UPPER EAST REGION OF GHANA
5. HISTORY OF RURAL WATER GOVERNANCE IN NORTHERN GHANA – FROM CUSTOMARY LAW TO WATER USER ASSOCIATIONS
5.3. Post-independent Developments
5.4. Reform Processes and Land and Water Governance Today
6. THE CASE OF FISHERIES IN THE UPPER EAST REGION
6.1. Historical Development of Fisheries Management in Reservoirs
6.2. Comparing the Two Case Studies
7. CONCLUSION: PARTICIPATORY RURAL WATER GOVERNANCE IN NORTHERN GHANA – A PRACTICE UNDER REVIEW
Chapter 9 COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN NORTHERN GHANA
2.1. Study Area and Methods
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1. Pre-Colonial Wildlife Management in Northern Ghana (before 1900)
3.1.1. Designated Hunting Areas and Time of Year for Hunting
3.1.3. Obligations to the Chief
3.1.4. Sacred Groves and Land Preserved for Wildlife
3.2. Colonial and Post Colonial Periods (1901 – 2000)
3.2.2. Taboos Are not Followed
3.3. CURRENT WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT (21ST CENTURY)
3.3.1. Establishment of Committees
3.3.2. Establishment of Community Reserves
4. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
Chapter 10 COMMUNITY-BASED CONSERVATION IN GHANA: A CASE OF LOCAL MANAGEMENT OF THE AFADJATO AND AGUMATSA CONSERVATION AREA IN GHANA
1.1. COMMUNITY-BASED CONSERVATION IN GHANA: A REVIEW
2. SITE DESCRIPTION AND METHODS
2.2.1. Data Collection and Analysis
3.1. The Perceptions of Local People on the Importance of Conserving the AACA
3.1.1. Cultural Value of AACA
3.1.2. Natural Resource Value of AACA
3.1.3. Management Responsibility
3.2. Local People’s Expectations in Terms of Benefits
4.1. The Perception of Local People on the Importance of Conserving the AACA
4.2. LOCAL SUPPORT AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE CONSERVATION OF THE AACA
4.3. INVOLVEMENT OF LOCAL PEOPLE IN SITE CONSERVATION ACTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITY FOR MANAGEMENT OF LOCAL RESOURCES
4.4. Expectations of Local People
PART IV. ECONOMICS OF NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Chapter 11 NATURAL RESOURCE VALUATION AND ANALYSIS WITH APPLICATIONS TO GHANA
1. ECONOMIC VALUATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
1.1. Concepts in Natural Resource Valuation
1.1.1. The Concept of Value and Valuation
1.1.2. Reasons for Natural Resource Valuation
1.1.3. The Total Economic Value Framework
1.2. Economic Valuation Approaches
1.2.1. Market-Based Approaches
b. Indirect Market Prices
Resource Replacement Cost Method (RCM)
1.2.2 Nonmarket-based Approaches
a. Travel Cost Method (TCM)
b. Random Utility Model (RUM)
c. Hedonic Price Method (HPM)
d. Contingent Valuation Method
e. Productivity or Factor Income Method
1.2.3. Mixed Market and Nonmarket-based Approaches
a. Benefits Transfer Method
1.2.4. Selecting a Valuation Technique
2. PRINCIPLES OF NATURAL RESOURCE ANALYSIS
2.1.1. Environmental Impact Analysis
2.1.2. Economic Impact Analysis
2.1.3. Social Impact Analysis
2.2. Cost Effectiveness Analysis
2.3. Benefit / Cost Analysis (BCA)
2.3.1. Net Present Value (NPV)
2.3.2. Soil Expectation Value (SEV)
2.3.3. Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
2.3.4. Benefit/Cost Ratio (B/C)
2.3.5. Choice of an Appropriate Discount Rate
2.3.6. Example Application of Benefit /Cost Analysis in Forestry
2.4. Real Option Theory and Natural Resource Investment Decisions
2.4.1. Overview of Real Option Theory
2.4.2. NPV and Real Option Valuation Methods: A Comparison
2.4.3. Valuing Different Types of Real Options
2.5. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF POLICY RESULTS
2.5.1. Pareto Improvements
2.5.2. Potential Pareto Improvements
2.5.3. Ex Ante Analysis of Policy Results: Regulatory Impact Analysis Statement (RIAS)
2.5.4. Ex Post Analysis of Policy Results: Performance Measurement and Evaluation
Chapter 12 ESTIMATING THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF RECREATION AT THE KAKUM NATIONAL PARK, GHANA
2. CONSERVATION AREAS IN GHANA
2.1. Overview of Conservation Areas
3. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE TRAVEL COST METHOD
3.1. Theoretical Basis of the Travel Cost Method
3.2. Specification of the Travel Cost Model
3.4. Important Considerations in Model Specification and Estimation
3.4.2. Multiple-Day and Multiple-Trip Visitors
3.4.3. Availability of Substitute Sites
3.4.4. Statistical and Econometric Issues
3.4.5. Miscellaneous Issues
4. SURVEY DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
5.2. Specification and Estimation of the Econometric Model
APPENDIX I. QUESTIONNAIRE USED IN SOLICITING INFORMATION FOR THE TRAVEL COST STUDY
Chapter 13 ANALYSES OF THE CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION IN GHANA: AN ECONOMETRIC APPROACH
2. MODEL OF DEFORESTATION IN GHANA
2.1. Forest Products Exported
2.2. Fuelwood Consumption
2.4. Food Crop Production
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5.1. Forest Products Exports
5.2. Fuelwood Consumption
5.4. Food Crop Production
6. CONCLUSION: POLICY IMPLICATIONS
Chapter 14 MEETING SOCIOECONOMIC OBJECTIVES IN GHANA’S SARDINELLA FISHERY
1.1. Ghana’s Marine Fisheries
1.2. The Sardinella Fishery
1.3. The Semi-industrial Trawl Fishery
2.3. Modelling By-catch and Spatial Issues
2.4. Data and Input Parameters
APPENDIX: SOLVING THE OPTIMIZATION PROBLEM
Chapter 15 GHANA’S TRADE IN FOREST PRODUCTS: ANALYSES OF EXPORT DEMAND AND ITS POLICY IMPLICATIONS
2.1. Overview of Ghana’s Forest Products Export Sector
4.1. Theoretical Export Demand Function
5.1. Unit Roots and Cointegration Tests
5.2. Long-run Coefficients and Short-run Dynamics
ANNEX 1. ADMINISTRATIVE AND TOURIST MAP OF GHANA
ANNEX 2. NATURAL VEGETATION ZONES OF GHANA
ANNEX 3. LIST OF CONTIBUTORS
Natural Resources in Ghana: Management, Policy and Economics
RUSH NEED BY APRIL RUSH 10 DAY BOOK
( Environmental Science, Engineering and Technology )
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