Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Contents

Chapter 1 Computational Approaches in Biomedical Nanoengineering: An Overview

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Nanobiotechnology in Disease Diagnosis

1.2.1 Application of Nanoparticles for Discovery of Biomarkers

1.2.2 Nanotechnology‐based Biochips and Microarrays

1.2.3 Detection via Semiconductor Nanocrystals

1.2.4 Nanoscale Sensor Technologies for Disease Detection via Volatolomics

1.3 Nanobiotechnology in Treatment

1.4 Nanobiotechnology in Target‐specific Drug Delivery

1.4.1 Future of Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) Sensors: An Alternative to the Traditional Use of Enzymes, Radioisotopes, or Fluorescent Tagging

1.4.2 Drug Delivery via Hyperthermia

1.5 Computational Approaches

1.5.1 Computational Model of Drug Targeting

1.5.2 Computational Model of Electrical Activity in Cardiac Tissue

1.5.3 Computational Model of Fringe Field Effect

1.5.4 Computational Model of Nanoparticle Hyperthermia

1.5.5 Hybrid Models in Computational Nanobiotechnology

1.5.6 Machine Learning for Detection and Diagnosis of Diseases

1.5.6.1 Machine Learning and Recent Bioinformatics: Case Studies

1.5.6.2 Current Challenges

References

Chapter 2 Nanotechnology Applications – The Future Arrived Suddenly

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Nanotechnology: A Brief Approach

2.3 Nanopanels: A Success of Nanotechnology in Industry

2.4 Nanoelectronics: Improving the Life Standard

2.5 Nanotechnology in Medicine: Friendly Efficient Healthcare

2.6 Ethics and Nanotechnology

2.7 Concluding Remarks

References

Chapter 3 Biosynthesized Nanobullets for Microbes and Biofilms

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Biosynthesized Nanoparticles

3.2.1 Microorganisms

3.2.2 Algae

3.2.3 Fungi

3.2.4 Yeasts

3.2.5 Actinomycetes

3.2.6 Plants

3.3 Antimicrobial Potential of Nanoparticles

3.4 Mechanism of Antimicrobial Action of Inorganic NPs

3.4.1 Interaction of NPs with Cell Membrane

3.4.2 Oxidative Stress

3.4.3 NP Interaction with Proteins

3.5 Reactivity of NPs against Biofilms

3.6 Nanosilver as Efficient Antimicrobial Agent

3.7 NPs as Efficient Carrier of Traditional Antibiotics

3.8 Real‐life Applications of Antimicrobial Nanomaterials

3.8.1 Wound Dressing Materials

3.8.2 Tissue Scaffolds

3.8.3 Disinfecting Medical Implant and Devices

3.8.4 Antimicrobial Food Packaging

3.8.5 Water Disinfection

3.8.6 Application in Personal Care Products

3.9 Conclusion and Future Prospects

References

Chapter 4 The Physics of Nanosensor Systems in Medicine and the Development of Physiological Monitoring Equipment

4.1 Introduction

4.1.1 Biological Sensing

4.1.2 Applications

4.2 Sensing Technology

4.2.1 Sensing Targets

4.2.2 Static vs Dynamic Events/Sensing

4.2.3 Mechanism of Action (MoA) for Sensing

4.2.3.1 Chemical

4.2.3.2 Electronic

4.2.3.3 Mechanical

4.2.3.4 Optical

4.2.3.5 Single‐molecule Detection/Tagging Sensor Design

4.2.3.6 Thermal/Energetic

4.3 Sensor Design

4.3.1 Ion‐sensitive Solid‐state Field‐Effect Transistor (ISFET)/ChemFET

4.3.2 Carbon Nanotube Field‐Effect Transistor (CNTFET)

4.3.2.1 Computational Analysis of Nanosensor Detection

4.4 Discussion

References

Chapter 5 Nonlinear Multiphysical Laminar Nanofluid Bioconvection Flows: Models and Computation

5.1 Introduction

5.1.1 Bioconvection

5.1.1.1 Bioconvection Lewis Number

5.1.1.2 Bioconvection Péclet Number

5.1.2 Nanofluids

5.1.2.1 Buongiorno MIT Model

5.1.2.2 Nanofluid Heat Capacity Ratio

5.1.2.3 Brownian Motion Parameter

5.1.2.4 Thermophoresis Parameter

5.1.2.5 Tiwari–Das Model

5.2 Numerical and Semi‐numerical Methods

5.2.1 Overview of Numerical/Semi‐numerical Methods

5.2.2 Finite Element Methods

5.2.3 Finite Difference Methods

5.2.3.1 Keller Box Method

5.2.3.2 Nakamura Tridiagonal Scheme

5.2.4 Adomian Decomposition Method

5.2.5 Gauss–Lobatto Quadrature

5.3 Multiphysical Nanofluid Bioconvection BVPs

5.3.1 Von Kármán Swirl Bioconvection Nanofluid Model

5.4 Conclusions/Future Directions in Nanofluid Bioconvection

References

Chapter 6 Exploring Nanotechnology Applications in Medicine

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Nanotechnology in Medicine

6.2.1 The Nervous System

6.2.2 Cancer

6.2.3 Infectious Diseases

6.2.4 Cardiovascular Diseases

6.2.5 Pneumology

6.3 Bone Tissue Engineering

6.3.1 Components of the Skeletal System

6.3.2 Scaffolds

6.3.3 Bioactive Nanoparticles

6.3.4 Improvement of Scaffold Mechanical Strength

References

Chapter 7 Microtubules: Nanobiomechanical Simulation

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Microtubules

7.2.1 Assembly and Disassembly of Microtubules

7.3 Review on Previous Researches

7.3.1 Experimental Researches

7.3.2 Analytical and Computational Research

7.4 Microtubule Dynamic Instability

7.4.1 Nanobiomechanical Model

7.4.1.1 Molecular Dynamic Analysis

7.4.1.2 Molecular Structural Mechanics

7.4.2 Final Model

References

Chapter 8 Simulation of Flowing Red Blood Cells with and without Nanoparticle Dispersion Using Particle‐based Numerical Methods

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Biomechanical Properties of RBCs

8.3 RBC Membrane Models

8.3.1 Shell‐based Membrane Models

8.3.2 Spring‐based Membrane Models

8.3.3 Spring‐ and Damper‐based Membrane Model

8.4 Numerical Simulations of RBC Motions in Capillaries

8.4.1 Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) Method

8.4.2 Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) Method

8.4.3 Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM)

8.4.4 Immersed Boundary Method (IBM)

8.5 Application of Particle-based Methods to Simulate RBC Motion

8.5.1 Preliminary

8.5.2 Applications of DPD Method in RBC Simulations

8.5.2.1 Simulation of Single RBC Motion

8.5.2.2 Single RBC Motion in Tube Flow

8.5.2.3 Simulation of Two or Multiple RBC Motion

8.5.3 Applications of SPH Method in RBC Simulations

8.5.4 Applications of LBM Method in RBC Simulations

8.5.4.1 Simulation of Single RBC Motion

8.5.4.2 Simulation of Two or Multiple RBC Motion

8.5.4.3 Simulation of RBC Suspension Motion

8.6 Other Particle‐based Methods

8.7 Nanoparticle Dispersion in RBC Suspension

8.8 Advantages and Disadvantages of Particle‐based Methods

References

Chapter 9 Impact of Nanofluid in Medical Treatment by Mathematical Modeling

9.1 Concept of Fluid Mechanics and Basic Laws

9.2 Nanofluid and Properties

9.3 Newtonian and Non‐Newtonian Fluid

9.4 Non‐Newtonian Fluid Flow Model for Blood

9.5 Drug Delivery System

9.6 Nanoparticles as Drug Carrier

9.7 Importance of Shape and Material Properties of Nanoparticles

9.7.1 Carbon‐Based Nanoparticles

9.7.2 Metallic Nanoparticles

9.7.3 Ceramic Nanoparticles

9.7.4 Polymeric Nanoparticles

9.8 Concentration Properties of Magnetic Nanoparticles

9.9 Treatment by Incorporating Magnetic Source

9.10 Treatment by Heat Transfer

9.11 Boundary Layer Flow of Power Law Nanofluid

9.11.1 Solution of the Problem

9.11.2 Graphical Results

9.12 Casson Nanofluid over a Stretching Surface

9.12.1 Solution of the Problem

9.12.2 Results and Discussion

9.13 Third‐grade Nanofluid Flow in a Channel

9.13.1 Solution of the Problem

9.13.2 Results and Discussion

9.14 Hydromagnetic, Irrotational, Laminar Flow of Non‐Newtonian Nanofluid Through a Channel

9.14.1 Solution of the Problem

9.14.2 Results and Discussion

References

Chapter 10 Physiological Modeling and Simulation of Fluid Flows

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Physiological Modeling and Mathematical Formulation

10.3 Solution of the Governing Equations

10.4 Results and Discussion

10.5 Conclusion

References

Index

EULA