Chapter
Chapter 2.
Theoretical prerequisites
Chapter 2.
Theoretical prerequisites
Chapter 2.
Theoretical prerequisites
2.1 What is auxiliary selection?
2.1 What is auxiliary selection?
2.1 What is auxiliary selection?
2.2 Auxiliary selection in Spanish
2.2 Auxiliary selection in Spanish
2.2 Auxiliary selection in Spanish
2.2.2 Sentence-level constraints
2.2.2 Sentence-level constraints
2.2.2 Sentence-level constraints
2.2.3 A note on reflexive verbs
2.2.3 A note on reflexive verbs
2.2.3 A note on reflexive verbs
2.2.4 Why was ser + PtcP replaced by haber + PtcP?
2.2.4 Why was ser + PtcP replaced by haber + PtcP?
2.2.4 Why was ser + PtcP replaced by haber + PtcP?
Chapter 3.
A constructional approach to Spanish auxiliary selection
Chapter 3.
A constructional approach to Spanish auxiliary selection
Chapter 3.
A constructional approach to Spanish auxiliary selection
3.1 Resultatives and anteriors
3.1 Resultatives and anteriors
3.1 Resultatives and anteriors
3.1.1 The stativity of resultative constructions
3.1.1 The stativity of resultative constructions
3.1.1 The stativity of resultative constructions
3.1.2 Persistence of the resultant state at reference time
3.1.2 Persistence of the resultant state at reference time
3.1.2 Persistence of the resultant state at reference time
3.2 Origins of Spanish auxiliary selection
3.2 Origins of Spanish auxiliary selection
3.2 Origins of Spanish auxiliary selection
3.2.1 Origins of haber + PtcP
3.2.1 Origins of haber + PtcP
3.2.1 Origins of haber + PtcP
3.2.2 Origins of ser + PtcP
3.2.2 Origins of ser + PtcP
3.2.2 Origins of ser + PtcP
3.2.3 Differences between habēre + PtcP and esse + PtcP
3.2.3 Differences between habēre + PtcP and esse + PtcP
3.2.3 Differences between habēre + PtcP and esse + PtcP
Chapter 4.
A model of linguistic disappearances
Chapter 4.
A model of linguistic disappearances
Chapter 4.
A model of linguistic disappearances
4.1 Gradience and gradualness
4.1 Gradience and gradualness
4.1 Gradience and gradualness
4.2 Actualisation and diffusion
4.2 Actualisation and diffusion
4.2 Actualisation and diffusion
4.3 Interim summary: Two types of diffusion
4.3 Interim summary: Two types of diffusion
4.3 Interim summary: Two types of diffusion
4.4 Why and how do linguistic elements disappear?
4.4 Why and how do linguistic elements disappear?
4.4 Why and how do linguistic elements disappear?
4.5 Remanence and conservation
4.5 Remanence and conservation
4.5 Remanence and conservation
4.6 Persistence as conservation
4.6 Persistence as conservation
4.6 Persistence as conservation
Chapter 5.
Methodology and corpus
Chapter 5.
Methodology and corpus
Chapter 5.
Methodology and corpus
5.1 Quantitative data in historical linguistics
5.1 Quantitative data in historical linguistics
5.1 Quantitative data in historical linguistics
5.1.1 Usage frequencies and discourse traditions
5.1.1 Usage frequencies and discourse traditions
5.1.1 Usage frequencies and discourse traditions
5.1.2 Usage frequencies and copying
5.1.2 Usage frequencies and copying
5.1.2 Usage frequencies and copying
5.2.1 A corpus of historiographical texts
5.2.1 A corpus of historiographical texts
5.2.1 A corpus of historiographical texts
5.2.2 Determining the envelope of variation
5.2.2 Determining the envelope of variation
5.2.2 Determining the envelope of variation
5.2.2.1 The multivalency of ser + PtcP and haber + PtcP
5.2.2.1 The multivalency of ser + PtcP and haber + PtcP
5.2.2.1 The multivalency of ser + PtcP and haber + PtcP
5.2.2.2 Verbs displaying variable behaviour
5.2.2.2 Verbs displaying variable behaviour
5.2.2.2 Verbs displaying variable behaviour
5.2.5 Quantitative survey of the data
5.2.5 Quantitative survey of the data
5.2.5 Quantitative survey of the data
Chapter 6.
Auxiliary selection in Old Spanish
Chapter 6.
Auxiliary selection in Old Spanish
Chapter 6.
Auxiliary selection in Old Spanish
6.2.4 Subject referentiality
6.2.4 Subject referentiality
6.2.4 Subject referentiality
6.2.5 Locative, manner, intention expressions
6.2.5 Locative, manner, intention expressions
6.2.5 Locative, manner, intention expressions
6.2.6 Temporal adverbial modification and number marking
6.2.6 Temporal adverbial modification and number marking
6.2.6 Temporal adverbial modification and number marking
6.2.8 Temporal-aspectual morphology
6.2.8 Temporal-aspectual morphology
6.2.8 Temporal-aspectual morphology
6.3 Descriptive quantitative analysis
6.3 Descriptive quantitative analysis
6.3 Descriptive quantitative analysis
6.4 Multivariate analysis
6.4 Multivariate analysis
6.4 Multivariate analysis
6.4.4.1 Verb semantics and subject referentiality
6.4.4.1 Verb semantics and subject referentiality
6.4.4.1 Verb semantics and subject referentiality
6.4.4.3 Adverbials expressing manner, location, or intention
6.4.4.3 Adverbials expressing manner, location, or intention
6.4.4.3 Adverbials expressing manner, location, or intention
6.4.4.4 Temporal adverbial modification, number morphology, modality
6.4.4.4 Temporal adverbial modification, number morphology, modality
6.4.4.4 Temporal adverbial modification, number morphology, modality
6.4.4.5 Temporal morphology
6.4.4.5 Temporal morphology
6.4.4.5 Temporal morphology
6.5.2 Reference to event vs. reference to resultant state
6.5.2 Reference to event vs. reference to resultant state
6.5.2 Reference to event vs. reference to resultant state
6.5.3 Persistence of resultant state
6.5.3 Persistence of resultant state
6.5.3 Persistence of resultant state
Chapter 7.
Gradualness and conservation in the loss
of ser + PtcP
Chapter 7.
Gradualness and conservation in the loss
of ser + PtcP
Chapter 7.
Gradualness and conservation in the loss
of ser + PtcP
7.1 Methodological approach
7.1 Methodological approach
7.1 Methodological approach
7.2.1 Descriptive analysis
7.2.1 Descriptive analysis
7.2.1 Descriptive analysis
7.2.2 Multivariate analysis
7.2.2 Multivariate analysis
7.2.2 Multivariate analysis
7.3.1 Longevity of ser-selection due to conservation
7.3.1 Longevity of ser-selection due to conservation
7.3.1 Longevity of ser-selection due to conservation
7.3.1.1 Descriptive analysis
7.3.1.1 Descriptive analysis
7.3.1.1 Descriptive analysis
7.3.1.2 Multivariate analysis
7.3.1.2 Multivariate analysis
7.3.1.2 Multivariate analysis
7.3.1.2.1 Model selection. The discrete-time hazard analysis proposed in 7.2 specifies the influence of time, verb semantics, and the interaction between verb-semantic parameters on the longevity of ser-selection for the verbs in the corpus of historiogra
7.3.1.2.1 Model selection. The discrete-time hazard analysis proposed in 7.2 specifies the influence of time, verb semantics, and the interaction between verb-semantic parameters on the longevity of ser-selection for the verbs in the corpus of historiogra
7.3.1.2.1 Model selection. The discrete-time hazard analysis proposed in 7.2 specifies the influence of time, verb semantics, and the interaction between verb-semantic parameters on the longevity of ser-selection for the verbs in the corpus of historiogra
7.3.1.2.2 Results. The main differences between MODEL2 γ and MODEL2 δ concern the variables [FREQ] and [MOverb]. The model judges the probability of the loss of ser-selection to be significantly lower for verbs with a higher mean lemma frequency than for
7.3.1.2.2 Results. The main differences between MODEL2 γ and MODEL2 δ concern the variables [FREQ] and [MOverb]. The model judges the probability of the loss of ser-selection to be significantly lower for verbs with a higher mean lemma frequency than for
7.3.1.2.2 Results. The main differences between MODEL2 γ and MODEL2 δ concern the variables [FREQ] and [MOverb]. The model judges the probability of the loss of ser-selection to be significantly lower for verbs with a higher mean lemma frequency than for
7.3.1.2.3 Discussion. The extension of the discrete-time hazard analysis for the parameter of mean verb lemma frequency provides strong evidence for an influence of conserving effects on the development of auxiliary selection in Spanish. MODEL2 δ demonstr
7.3.1.2.3 Discussion. The extension of the discrete-time hazard analysis for the parameter of mean verb lemma frequency provides strong evidence for an influence of conserving effects on the development of auxiliary selection in Spanish. MODEL2 δ demonstr
7.3.1.2.3 Discussion. The extension of the discrete-time hazard analysis for the parameter of mean verb lemma frequency provides strong evidence for an influence of conserving effects on the development of auxiliary selection in Spanish. MODEL2 δ demonstr
7.3.2 Changes in the distribution of auxiliary selection
7.3.2 Changes in the distribution of auxiliary selection
7.3.2 Changes in the distribution of auxiliary selection
7.3.2.2 Descriptive analysis
7.3.2.2 Descriptive analysis
7.3.2.2 Descriptive analysis
7.3.2.3 Multivariate analysis
7.3.2.3 Multivariate analysis
7.3.2.3 Multivariate analysis
7.3.2.3.1 Measurements. MODEL3 calculates the probability of ser-selection in the entire corpus of historiographical texts according to (a) the variable [MACRO-PERIOD] referring to the date at which the source text was published, (b) the predictors of Old
7.3.2.3.1 Measurements. MODEL3 calculates the probability of ser-selection in the entire corpus of historiographical texts according to (a) the variable [MACRO-PERIOD] referring to the date at which the source text was published, (b) the predictors of Old
7.3.2.3.1 Measurements. MODEL3 calculates the probability of ser-selection in the entire corpus of historiographical texts according to (a) the variable [MACRO-PERIOD] referring to the date at which the source text was published, (b) the predictors of Old
7.3.2.3.2 Model selection. As for the other regression models, the significance of each predictor included in the initial MODEL3 α was evaluated in a backward fitting process, yielding MODEL3 β. A statistically non-significant predictor was excluded only
7.3.2.3.2 Model selection. As for the other regression models, the significance of each predictor included in the initial MODEL3 α was evaluated in a backward fitting process, yielding MODEL3 β. A statistically non-significant predictor was excluded only
7.3.2.3.2 Model selection. As for the other regression models, the significance of each predictor included in the initial MODEL3 α was evaluated in a backward fitting process, yielding MODEL3 β. A statistically non-significant predictor was excluded only
7.3.2.3.3 Description of results. Since MODEL3 includes interactions between categorical predictor variables such as [DIR] and the numerical variable [MACRO-PERIOD], the odds ratios of the non-interaction predictor variables do not represent “main effects
7.3.2.3.3 Description of results. Since MODEL3 includes interactions between categorical predictor variables such as [DIR] and the numerical variable [MACRO-PERIOD], the odds ratios of the non-interaction predictor variables do not represent “main effects
7.3.2.3.3 Description of results. Since MODEL3 includes interactions between categorical predictor variables such as [DIR] and the numerical variable [MACRO-PERIOD], the odds ratios of the non-interaction predictor variables do not represent “main effects
7.3.2.3.4 Discussion. In this discussion of the results from MODEL3, it is shown that the model of linguistic disappearances developed in Chapter 4 can account for the differences regarding the speed of the decline of the frequency of ser-selection in di
7.3.2.3.4 Discussion. In this discussion of the results from MODEL3, it is shown that the model of linguistic disappearances developed in Chapter 4 can account for the differences regarding the speed of the decline of the frequency of ser-selection in di
7.3.2.3.4 Discussion. In this discussion of the results from MODEL3, it is shown that the model of linguistic disappearances developed in Chapter 4 can account for the differences regarding the speed of the decline of the frequency of ser-selection in di
7.4.1 Multivariate analysis
7.4.1 Multivariate analysis
7.4.1 Multivariate analysis
7.5.4 Causes of the generalisation of haber + PtcP
7.5.4 Causes of the generalisation of haber + PtcP
7.5.4 Causes of the generalisation of haber + PtcP
8.2 Relevance for studies of auxiliary selection
8.2 Relevance for studies of auxiliary selection
8.2 Relevance for studies of auxiliary selection
8.3 Relevance for studies on frequency effects
8.3 Relevance for studies on frequency effects
8.3 Relevance for studies on frequency effects
9.1 Composition of the corpus of historiographical texts
9.1 Composition of the corpus of historiographical texts
9.1 Composition of the corpus of historiographical texts
9.2 Query syntax per verb lemma
9.2 Query syntax per verb lemma
9.2 Query syntax per verb lemma
9.3 Full event history table
9.3 Full event history table
9.3 Full event history table
Auxiliary Selection in Spanish
：Gradience, gradualness, and conservation
( Studies in Language Companion Series )
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