Microwave-Assisted Sample Preparation for Trace Element Determination

Author： Flores   Erico Marlon Moraes  

Publisher： Elsevier Science‎

Publication year： 2014

E-ISBN: 9780444594440

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780444594204

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780444594204

Subject： N3 Natural Science Research Methods;O65 Analytical Chemistry

Language： ENG

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Description

Microwave-Assisted Sample Preparation for Trace Element Analysis describes the principles, equipment, and applications involved in sample preparation with microwaves for trace element analysis. The book covers well-established applications as well as new trends in this field. Hot topics such as sample preparation for speciation, metabolomics, and halogen determination, as well as the alternatives of sample preparation for special samples (for example, carbon nanotubes, polymers, petroleum products), are also discussed.

The use of microwaves in sample preparation has increased in recent decades. Several applications of microwaves for sample preparation can be found in the literature for practically all types of sample matrices, especially for the determination of trace elements by atomic spectrometric techniques, safely and cleanly reducing the time involved in this step. Microwave-assisted sample preparation is not only a tool for research but also for routine analysis laboratories; the state-of-the-art in sample preparation in trace element analysis. This book is the only resource for chemists specifically focused on this topic.

  • The first book to describe the principles, equipment, and applications in microwave-assisted sample preparation
  • Written by experts in the field who provide a comprehensive overview of the important concepts
  • Introduces new alternatives and trends in microwave-assisted techniques

Chapter

Front Cover

Microwave-Assisted Sample Preparation for Trace Element Determination

Copyright

Contents

Preface

List of Contributors

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Sample Preparation for Trace Element Determination

1.1. INTRODUCTION

1.2. THE ANALYTICAL SEQUENCE

1.3. ANALYTICAL EFFICIENCY AND ROBUSTNESS

1.4. SYSTEMATIC ERRORS IN SAMPLE PREPARATION

1.5. PRELIMINARY PROCESSES, TREATMENTS

1.6. COMMENTS ON CONVENTIONAL OPEN AND CLOSED SYSTEMS FOR SAMPLE PREPARATION

1.7. CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

Chapter 2 - Microwave Heating

2.1. INTRODUCTION

2.2. GENERAL ASPECTS OF ENERGY AND MATTER INTERACTION

2.3. DIELECTRIC HEATING

2.4. ADDITIONAL ASPECTS TO CONSIDER IN MICROWAVE HEATING

2.5. MICROWAVE HEATING IN SAMPLE PREPARATION

2.6. FINAL REMARKS

REFERENCES

Chapter 3 - Systems for Microwave-Assisted Wet Digestion

3.1. INTRODUCTION

3.2. OPEN SYSTEMS

3.3. CLOSED SYSTEMS

3.4. HISTORY OF MICROWAVE SYSTEMS AND CURRENT TECHNOLOGY

3.5. FLOW SYSTEMS

3.6. FINAL REMARKS AND FUTURE TRENDS

REFERENCES

Chapter 4 - Wet Digestion Using Microwave Heating

4.1. MICROWAVE-ASSISTED WET SAMPLE DIGESTION

4.2. DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF MICROWAVE-ASSISTED WET DIGESTION PROCEDURES

4.3. APPLICATIONS OF MICROWAVE-ASSISTED PROCEDURES FOR SAMPLE DIGESTION

REFERENCES

Chapter 5 - Microwave-Induced Combustion

5.1. INTRODUCTION

5.2. COMBUSTION SYSTEMS FOR SAMPLE DIGESTION

5.3. APPARATUS AND PROCEDURES FOR MIC

5.4. FOCUSED MICROWAVE-INDUCED COMBUSTION

5.5. ABSORBING SOLUTIONS

5.6. ALTERNATIVE USES OF MIC

5.7. FINAL REMARKS

REFERENCES

Chapter 6 - Diluted Acids in Microwave-Assisted Wet Digestion

6.1. INTRODUCTION

6.2. DILUTED ACIDS IN MICROWAVE-ASSISTED WET DIGESTION IN CLOSED VESSELS

6.3. OTHER STRATEGIES TO REDUCE THE AMOUNTS OF ACIDS FOR DIGESTION

6.4. FINAL REMARKS

REFERENCES

Chapter 7 - Microwave-Assisted Ultraviolet Digestion

7.1. INTRODUCTION

7.2. MW-UV METHOD

7.3. COMMERCIAL SYSTEMS FOR MW-UV

7.4. APPLICATIONS IN CHEMISTRY

7.5. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS

REFERENCES

Chapter 8 - Microwave-Assisted Extraction

8.1. INTRODUCTION

8.2. PRINCIPLES AND TECHNOLOGIES

8.3. CURRENT APPLICATIONS

REFERENCES

Chapter 9 - Flow Digestion Systems with Microwave and Conductive Heating

9.1. SYSTEMATIC ERRORS IN SAMPLE DIGESTION: GENERAL ASPECTS RELATED TO FLOW DIGESTION

9.2. DELETERIOUS EFFECTS OF CARBON IN ICP-BASED ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS

9.3. PRINCIPLES OF FLOW DIGESTION SYSTEMS

9.4. FLOW DIGESTION AT AMBIENT PRESSURE

9.5. FLOW DIGESTION AT MEDIUM PRESSURE

9.6. HIGH-PRESSURE FLOW DIGESTION SYSTEMS

9.7. COMPONENTS OF FLOW DIGESTION SYSTEMS

9.8. STRUCTURAL MATERIALS AND DISSOLUTION REAGENTS FOR FLOW DIGESTION SYSTEMS

9.9. FLOW DIGESTION OF SLURRIES

REFERENCES

Chapter 10 - Microwave-Assisted Sample Preparation for Element Speciation

10.1. INTRODUCTION

10.2. MERCURY SPECIATION

10.3. ORGANOTIN SPECIATION

10.4. SELENIUM SPECIATION

10.5. ARSENIC SPECIATION

REFERENCES

Chapter 11 - Microwave-Assisted Sample Preparation Focusing on “Omics” Areas

11.1. INTRODUCTION

11.2. GENOMICS

11.3. PROTEOMICS

11.4. PEPTIDOMICS

11.5. METABOLOMICS

11.6. LIPIDOMICS

11.7. METALLOMICS

11.8. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS

REFERENCES

Chapter 12 - Safety Aspects, Quality Control, and Quality Assurance using Microwave-Assisted Sample Preparation Systems

12.1. PASSIVE SAFETY IN MICROWAVE-ASSISTED DIGESTION

12.2. SAFETY IN PRACTICE AND DURING USE

12.3. ANALYTICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE

12.4. CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

Index

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