Designing Usable Texts

Author: Duffy   Thomas M.;Waller   Robert  

Publisher: Elsevier Science‎

Publication year: 2014

E-ISBN: 9781483217666

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780122232602

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780122232602

Subject: G424.7 Management and Examination Achievement

Language: ENG

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Description

Designing Usable Texts covers the analysis of textual communication processes in the real world of publishing systems and work sites. The book presents topics on designing and understanding of written texts; authoring, editing, and the production process; and training authors of informative documents. The text also describes the policies and processes of editing; lessons in text design from an instructional design perspective; and graphics and design alternatives such as studying strategies and their implications for textbook design. The identification of information requirements such as understanding readers and their uses of texts, modeling users and their use of technical manuals, is also considered. Psychologists and people involved in communication design, document design, information mapping, and educational technology will find the book invaluable.

Chapter

TEXT STRUCTURES AND THE CONTEXTS OF COMPREHENSION

EXPLICIT TEXTS AND CONTEXT-DEPENDENT TEXTS

OPTIMAL DESIGN OF TEXTS

DESIGN VERSUS THEORY

REFERENCES

PART II: Authoring, Editing, and the Production Process

CHAPTER 2. The Author: Help or Stumbling Block on the Road to Designing Usable Texts?

INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS USABLE TEXT?

PRODUCING USABLE TEXT: FIVE PROPOSITIONS

THE AUTHOR: HELP OR HINDRANCE?

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 3. Training Authors of Informative Documents

INTRODUCTION

WHO ARE THE AUTHORS?

WHAT ARE THE WRITING CAPABILITIES OF THESE AUTHORS?

HOW DOES THE JOB SETTING INFLUENCE WHAT AND HOW THESE AUTHORS WRITE?

WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT TRAINING WRITERS?

WHAT RESEARCH IS NEEDED?

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 4. Editing: Policies and Processes

INTRODUCTION: WHY BOTHER WITH EDITING?

EDITORIAL POLICY AND USABLE TEXTS

EDITORIAL POLICIES AS HOUSE RULES

SOME PRELIMINARY STUDIES OF EDITING PROCESSES

CONCLUDING COMMENTS ON EDITING PROCESSES AND POLICIES

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 5. Intuitions, Algorithms, and a Science of Text Design

THE INCREASING COMPLEXITY OF COMMUNICATIONS

NEED FOR A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO TEXT DESIGN

COMPUTER-AIDED FORMAT DESIGN

COMPUTER-AIDED LANGUAGE ANALYSIS

SUMMARY AND IMPLICATIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 6. Readability Formulas: What's the Use?

INTRODUCTION

MILITARY TEXTS

READABILITY AND PREDICTION

READABILITY AND PRODUCTION

ALTERNATIVES TO EXISTING READABILITY FORMULAS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 7. Lessons in Text Design from an Instructional Design Perspective

INTRODUCTION

PRECONDITIONS FOR THE DESIGN OF USABLE TEXTS

CONTRIBUTIONS OF LEARNING RESEARCH TO TEXT DESIGN

MANAGING A TEXT DESIGN PROCESS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

PART III: Graphics and Design Alternatives

CHAPTER 8. Studying Strategies and Their Implications for Textbook Design

INTRODUCTION

IMPORTANT DIMENSIONS OF STUDYING

AN ANALYSIS OF TEXTBOOKS

STRUCTURE

COHERENCE

UNITY

AUDIENCE APPROPRIATENESS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 9. Results with Structured Writing Using the Information Mapping® Writing Service Standards

Table of Contents

History and Goals

Basic Types of Maps

Structured Writing

Principles of Structured Writing

Standards: Their Goals and Use

Research on Components of Structured Writing

Result of Recent Research

Conclusion

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 10. Design Strategies for Job Performance Aids

INTRODUCTION

DEFINITION AND CHARACTERISTICS

JOB PERFORMANCE AID DEVELOPMENT

DESIGN STRATEGIES AND FORMATS

RESEARCH ON JOB PERFORMANCE AIDS

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 11. Using Pictorial Language: A Discussion of the Dimensions of the Problem

INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS A PICTURE?

WHAT ARE PICTURES FOR?

DESCRIPTION AND NARRATION

GENERALITY VERSUS PARTICULARITY

OBSERVATION-BASED AND CONCEPT-BASED IMAGES

SYNOPTIC IMAGES AND IMAGES COMPOSED OF DISCRETE ELEMENTS

CONFIGURATION

CONVENTIONS OF DRAWING

STYLE

VERISIMILITUDE

BERTIN'S GRAPHIC VARIABLES

THE DIMENSION OF TIME

REPEATABILITY AND TRANSMISSION

CROSS-CULTURAL PROBLEMS

LEARNING TO MAKE AND "READ" PICTURES

FEEDBACK AND EVALUATION

CREDIBILITY OF PICTURES

REFERENCES

PART IV: Identifying Information Requirements

CHAPTER 12. Understanding Readers and Their Uses of Texts

INTRODUCTION

PLAN FOR THIS CHAPTER

THE TEXT PRODUCER AS "AN AUDIENCE OF ONE"

UNDERSTANDING THE ABILITY OF THE READER TO "RECEIVE AND DECODE THE MESSAGE"

CONCEPTS OF ADULT MARGINAL LITERATES AS LEARNERS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 13. Modeling Users and Their Use of Technical Manuals

INTRODUCTION

RESEARCH ON COMPREHENSIBILITY AND USABILITY OF MILITARY MANUALS

THE CONTENT PERSPECTIVE: MODELING USERS' TASK PERFORMANCE

THE READABILITY PERSPECTIVE: MODELING USERS' READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS

SUMMARY CRITIQUE: CONTENT AND READABILITY PERSPECTIVES

RESEARCH ON USE OF INFORMATION SOURCES AT THE JOB SITE

MODELING PERFORMANCE AT THE WORK SITE

ANALYSES OF OBSERVATIONAL DATA

MODELING FACTORS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE AT THE WORK SITE

MODELING INFORMATION PROCESSING DURING TASK PERFORMANCE

SUMMARY: MODELING PERFORMANCE AT THE WORK SITE

IMPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH FOR AN IMPROVED TECHNOLOGY

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 14. Testing Design Alternatives: A Comparison of Procedures

INTRODUCTION

THE IMPACT OF RESEARCH ON DOCUMENT DESIGN

PROCEDURES FOR EVALUATING DOCUMENT DESIGN

A METHODOLOGICAL COMPARISON OF TWO MACRO-EYE-MOVEMENT PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

Author Index

Subject Index

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