Chapter
2.3. Characteristics of Wind Power Ramping
2.4. Impact of Geographic Diversity and Aggregation of Wind Power Plant Output on Wind Power Variations
2.5. Wind Power Forecasting and Uncertainty
2.6. Capacity Value of Wind Resources
2.7. Environmental Attributes
2.8. Summary of Wind Variability and Uncertainty: Considerations in System Planning and Operation
3. HYDROPOWER SYSTEM PLANNING AND OPERATION
3.2. Types of Hydropower and Energy Storage
3.2.2. Run-of-the-River Hydro
3.2.4. Other Non-Hydropower Storage
3.2.4.3. Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage
3.2.4.5. Compressed Air Energy Storage
3.2.5. Summary of Storage Options
3.3.1. Example River System with Multiple Owner/Operators: The Columbia River in the United States and Canada
3.3.2. Example River System with a Single Owner/Operator: The Missouri River in the United States
3.3.3. Summary of River Systems
3.4. Hydropower Generators and Ancillary Services
3.5. Multi-Purpose Hydro Facilities
3.6. Institutional, Organizational, and Legal Issues Related to Hydropower
3.6.1. Example of a Organizational and Legal Complexity: The Colorado River System in the United States
3.7. Variability and Uncertainties of Hydro Resource Across Time Frames of Importance in Balancing Area Operation
3.8. Planning of the Hydro System
3.9. Social and Environmental Impacts
3.10. Summary: Hydropower as a Balancing Resource and Energy Storage
4. POWER SYSTEM PLANNING AND OPERATION IN SYSTEMS WITH WIND AND HYDROPOWER
4.2. Wind Power Impacts in Systems with Hydropower
4.2.1. Results from Recent Wind Integration Studies
4.2.2. Review of Results from IEA Wind Task 25
4.2.3. Wind Integration in Systems with Hydropower: Summary of Results from Participant Case Studies
4.2.3.1. Australian Case Studies
Isolated Tasmanian System
Tasmanian System Interconnected with Mainland
4.2.3.2. Canadian Case Studies
4.2.3.3. Finnish Case Studies
4.2.3.4. Norwegian Case Studies
4.2.3.5. Swedish Case Studies
4.2.3.6. United States Case Studies
4.2.4. Practical System Configuration
5.1. Grid Integration Impacts and Costs
5.4. System Configuration and General Conclusions
APPENDIX A. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF REPORTS
Chapter 2 INTEGRATION OF WIND AND HYDROPOWER SYSTEMS. VOLUME 2: PARTICIPANT CASE STUDIES∗
1.2. Wind Penetration and System Flexibility
2.2. Hydro Tasmania Case Studies
2.2.1. Introduction to Studies
2.2.2. Overview of Power System
2.2.3. Case Study 1: Large-Scale Wind Integration
2.2.5. Tasmanian System Characteristics
2.2.6. Wind Power Characteristics
2.2.7. Wind Generator Dispatching Rules in Australia
2.2.8. Wind Power Penetration and System Flexibility
2.2.9. Hydro System Characteristics
2.3. Case Study 2: Wind Firming – Case Study of Costs and Effects to the Hydro Tasmania System
2.3.2. Impacts of Wind Generation
2.3.3. Hydro System Characteristics
2.3.4. Wind Power Penetration and System Flexibility
2.3.5.1. Isolated Tasmanian System
2.3.5.2. Tasmanian System Interconnected with Mainland
2.4. Case Study 3: Inertia Support in a Hydro/Wind/HVDC Hybrid Power System
2.4.2. Modeling Assumptions
2.4.3. Wind Power Characteristics
2.4.4. Hydro System Characteristics
2.4.5. Wind Power Penetration and Hydro System Flexibility
3.1.1. General Description of Study and Goals
3.1.2. Organizations Involved and Who Conducted the Study
3.1.3. Why the Study was Performed
3.3. Overview of Power System
3.3.2. Wind Power Characteristics
3.3.3. Hydro System Characteristics
3.3.4. Wind Power Penetration and System Flexibility
3.3.5. Wind and Hydro Integration – Benefits and Impacts
4.2. Case Study for a Single Power Producer
4.2.1. Introduction to Study
4.2.2. Overview of Power System
4.2.4. Wind Power Characteristics
4.2.5. Hydro System Characteristics
4.2.6. Wind Power Penetration and System Flexibility
4.2.7. Wind and Hydro Integration – Benefits and Impacts
4.2.7.1. Step One: Balancing Cost from the Day-Ahead Market
4.2.7.2. Step Two: Using Intra-Hour Trading (the Elbas Market operating in Nordic countries)
4.2.7.3. Step Three: Using Internal Balancing by Hydropower
4.2.7.4. Step four: Passive Internal Balancing Aggregating the Imbalances of Wind with other Imbalances of a Large Producer
4.2.8. Summary of Results
4.3. Market Impacts for Nordic Countries
4.3.1. Introduction to Study
4.3.2. Overview of Power System
4.3.4. Wind Power Characteristics
4.3.5. Hydro System Characteristics
4.3.6. Wind Power Penetration and System Flexibility
4.3.7. Wind and Hydro Integration – Benefits and Impacts
4.4. Market Impacts for Nordic Countries
4.4.1. Introduction to Study
4.4.2. Overview of Power System
4.4.4. Wind Power Characteristics
4.4.5. Hydro System Characteristics
4.4.6. Wind Power Penetration and System Flexibility
4.4.7. Wind and Hydro Integration – Benefits and Impacts
5.2. SINTEF 1: Areas with Limited Power Transfer Capacity
5.2.1. Introduction to Study
5.2.2. Overview of Power System
5.2.3.1. Assumptions and Limitations
5.2.3.2. Wind Power Characteristics
5.2.4. Hydro System Characteristics
5.2.5. Wind Power Penetration and System Flexibility
5.3. SINTEF 2: Regional Hydro-based Power System with Weak Interconnections
5.3.1. Introduction to Study
5.3.2. Overview of Power System
5.3.3.1. Energy Balance Calculations
5.3.3.2. Power Balance Calculations
5.3.3.3. Assumptions and Limitations
5.3.4. Wind Power Characteristics
5.3.5. Hydro System Characteristics
5.3.6. Wind Power Penetration and System Flexibility
5.3.7. Wind and Hydro Integration – Benefits and Impacts
6.2. Case Study for Balancing of Wind Power in One River
6.2.1. Introduction to Study
6.2.2. Overview of Power System
6.2.4. Wind Power Characteristics
6.2.5. Hydro System Characteristics
6.2.6. Wind Power Penetration and System Flexibility
6.2.7. Wind and Hydro Integration – Benefits and Impacts
6.2.8. Summary and Conclusions
6.3. Case Study for Balancing of Wind Power in North Sweden
6.3.1. Introduction to Study
6.3.2. Overview of Power System
6.3.4. Wind Power Characteristics
6.3.5. Hydro System Characteristics
6.3.6. Wind Power Penetration and System Flexibility
6.3.7. Wind and Hydro Integration – Benefits and Impacts
6.3.8. Summary and Conclusions
7.2. Case Study: Western Area Power Administration, Missouri River
7.2.1. Introduction to Study
7.2.2. Overview of Power System
7.2.4. Wind Power Characteristics
7.2.5. Hydro System Characteristics
7.2.6. Wind Power Penetration and System Flexibility
7.2.7. Wind and Hydro Integration – Benefits and Impacts
7.2.7.1. Regulation and Load Following Statistics
7.2.7.2. Morning and Evening Ramping
7.2.7.3. Wind Generation Forecast Error
7.3. Case Study: Sacramento PUD, Upper American River
7.3.1. Introduction to Study
7.3.2. Overview of Power System
7.3.3.3. More Details about the Simulation
7.3.3.4. Hourly Simulation
7.3.4. Wind Power Characteristics
7.3.5. Hydro System Characteristics
7.3.6. Wind Power Penetration and System Flexibility
7.3.7. Wind and Hydro Integration – Benefits and Impacts
7.4. Case Study: Grant County PUD, Columbia River
7.4.1. Introduction to Study
7.4.2. Overview of Power System
7.4.3.3. Wind Power Characteristics
7.4.4. Hydro System Characteristics
7.4.5. Wind Power Penetration and System Flexibility
7.4.6. Wind and Hydro Integration – Benefits and Impacts
APPENDIX A. HYDRO QUEBEC CASE STUDY
Canada – Hydro-Québec – Preliminary Impacts
Overview of the Power System
Case Study 1: Frequency Regulation Reserves for Integrating 3,000 MW of Wind Generation at Hydro-Quebec
Long-Term Variability of Wind Generation
Wind Generation Impacts on AGC and Imbalance
Calculation of Balancing Reserves Incorporating Wind Power into the Hydro-Québec System over the Time Horizon of 1–48 Hours
Wind Power Capacity Credit in Quebec
Climate and Wind Generation
Wind and Hydropower Integration: Concepts, Considerations and Case Studies
( Energy Science, Engineering and Technology )
Disclaimer: Any content in publications that violate the sovereignty, the constitution or regulations of the PRC is not accepted or approved by CNPIEC.