Chapter
1.2.1.3 Discharge characteristics of overhead transmission line air gaps
1.2.1.4 Corona characteristics
1.2.1.5 Characteristics of noise and radio interference
1.2.2 Mechanical Characteristics
2 Remote sensing and remote measurement technology of transmission lines
2.1 Infrared Detection Technology
2.1.1 Characteristics and Basic Theories of Infrared Detection Technology
2.1.1.1 Characteristics of infrared detection technology
2.1.1.2 Basic principles of infrared detection
2.1.1.3 Brief introduction of the application of infrared detection technology to the power system
2.1.2 Infrared Detecting Instrument
2.1.2.1 Principles of the infrared detecting instrument
2.1.2.2 Examples for infrared detecting instruments
2.1.3 Application of Infrared Detection to Line Fault
2.1.3.1 Thermal defects of transmission line equipment
2.1.3.2 Basic methods for infrared-thermal detection and diagnosis
2.1.3.3 Infrared detection application in line equipment
2.1.3.4 Instructions and advice for infrared detection
2.1.3.5 The application standards of infrared diagnosis technology on power industry electricity charged equipment
2.2 UV Detection Technology
2.2.1 Characteristics and Principles of UV Detection Technology
2.2.1.1 Characteristics of UV detection technology
2.2.1.2 The basic principle of UV detection
2.2.1.3 Current situation of UV detection technology at home and abroad
2.2.2 Introduction of UV Measurement Device
2.2.2.1 UV imaging detection system and the key technology
2.2.2.2 Measurement of ultraviolet pulse
2.2.2.3 Measurement of UV power
2.2.3 UV Detection on Line Equipment and its Application
2.2.3.1 Examples of UV detection on line equipment
2.2.3.2 Influential factors in ultraviolet detection
2.2.3.3 The comparison between ultraviolet detection and infrared detection
2.2.3.4 UV diagnostic technology application standards for live equipment in the electric power industry
2.3 Wide Area Line Monitoring Based on Satellite Remote Sensing
2.3.1 Characteristics and Principles of Satellite Remote Sensing Technology
2.3.1.1 Remote sensing summary
2.3.1.2 Remote sensing technology classification
2.3.2 Monitoring Transmission Tower and Conductor Safety Status on the Basis of Satellite Remote Sensing Technology
2.3.2.1 The target characteristics of the transmission tower in the satellite remote sensing image
2.3.2.2 Transmission line tower and conductor safety status monitoring
2.3.2.3 High-resolution synthetic aperture radar satellite wide area monitoring of transmission lines
2.3.3 Transmission Line Corridor Monitoring Based on Satellite Remote Sensing Technology
2.3.3.1 Ground object monitoring in the transmission line corridor
2.3.3.2 Geological disaster monitoring for the transmission line corridor
2.3.3.3 Monitoring the meteorological disasters of transmission lines corridors
2.3.3.4 Transmission line corridor forest fire monitoring
2.3.4 Wide Area Transmission Lines Monitoring Prospect Based on Satellite Remote Sensing Technology
3 Tour inspection technology of transmission lines
3.1 Conventional Tour Inspection and its Classification
3.1.1 Regular Tour Inspection of Lines
3.1.2 Special tour inspection of lines
3.1.3 Fault Tour Inspection of Lines
3.1.4 On-the-Tower Tour Inspection of Lines
3.2 Main Contents of Tour Inspection of Lines
3.2.1 Environments Along the Lines
3.2.2 Towers, Guy Wires, and Foundations
3.2.3 Conductors and Ground Wires
3.2.4 Insulators and Fittings
3.2.5 Lightning Protection Facilities and Grounding Devices
3.2.6 Accessories and Other Facilities
3.3 Helicopter Tour Inspection Technology
3.3.1 Model of Line Inspection Helicopter
3.3.2 Line Inspection Heliborne Equipment
3.3.2.1 Infrared thermal imaging equipment
3.3.2.2 Ultraviolet (UV) imaging equipment
3.3.2.3 Heliborne laser radar
3.3.3 Tour Inspection Items
3.3.3.1 Regular inspection
3.3.3.2 Equipment fault detection
3.3.3.3 Vegetation management near transmission lines
3.3.3.4 The monitoring and management of the lines’ operational state
3.3.3.5 Assessment of the electromagnetic environment of transmission lines
3.3.3.6 Equipment management of transmission lines
3.3.4 Helicopter Tour Inspection Process
3.3.4.1 Preparation for patrol
3.3.4.2 The patrol process and main defects found
3.4 Robot Tour Inspection Technology
3.4.1 Characteristics of Robot Tour Inspection
3.4.2 The Key Technology of Robot Tour Inspection
3.4.2.1 Mechanical structure
3.4.2.3 Autonomous navigation and positioning technology
3.4.2.4 Communication technology
3.4.2.5 Control technology
3.4.2.6 Line detection and fault localization
3.4.3 Study and Application of Inspection Robots
3.4.4 Prospects and Development
3.4.4.1 Multisensor inspection robot
3.4.4.2 Distributed multiinspection robot system
3.5 UAV Tour Inspection Technology
3.5.1 Characteristics of UAV Tour Inspection
3.5.2 Function Components and Implementation Methods of UAV Tour Inspection
3.5.2.1 Tour inspection system of transmission lines
3.5.2.2 Automatic tracking system for airline terrain
3.5.2.3 Detection terminal system
3.5.2.4 Unmanned helicopter control technology
3.5.3 The Situation of the UAV Application in Line Inspection of Transmission Lines
3.6 Intelligent Tour Inspection System of Transmission Lines
3.6.1 GPS and GIS Technologies
3.6.1.1 Global positioning system
3.6.1.2 Geographical information system (GIS)
3.6.2 Principle of Intelligent Tour Inspection System of Transmission Lines
3.6.3 Intelligent Tour Inspection System Composition of Transmission Lines
3.6.3.1 Main submodules of PDA handset
3.6.3.2 Main submodules of background software
3.6.4 Intelligent Tour Inspection System Functions of Transmission Lines
3.6.4.1 Dynamic information
3.6.4.2 Archive management
3.6.4.3 Defect management
3.6.4.4 Operation management
3.6.4.5 Interactive platform
3.6.4.6 Basic data, background management, and system maintenance
3.6.5 Workflow of an Intelligent Tour Inspection System for Transmission Lines
3.6.5.1 Workflow of a line tour inspection
3.6.5.2 Typical functions
3.6.6 Characteristics of Transmission Lines Intelligent Tour Inspection System
3.6.6.1 Transmission lines tour inspection system characteristics
3.6.6.2 The advantages of tour inspection system
4 Transmission lines detection technology
4.1 Faulty Insulator Detection
4.1.1 The Characteristics of Faulty Insulators
4.1.2 Detection Methods of Faulty Insulators
4.1.2.1 Electrical quantity detection methods
4.1.2.2 Nonelectric quantity detection method
4.2 Voltage Detection in Operation
4.2.1 Requirements for Voltage Detector
4.2.1.1 Functions and technical requirements of voltage detectors
4.2.1.2 Electrical insulation requirements for voltage detectors
4.2.2 Methods of Voltage Detection Working
4.2.2.1 Direct voltage detection and indirect voltage detection
4.2.2.2 Methods and devices of voltage detection
4.3 Detection of Grounding Devices
4.3.1 Requirements for Grounding Type and Grounding Resistance
4.3.1.2 The main defects of grounding devices
4.3.1.3 Requirements for power frequency ground resistance in poles and towers
4.3.2 Measurement Methods of Power Frequency of Tower Ground Resistance
4.3.2.1 Three-electrode method
4.3.2.2 Four-electrode method
4.3.2.3 Clamp meter measuring method
4.3.3 Notes for Measuring Grounding Resistance and the Operating Maintenance of the Grounding Device
4.3.3.1 Notes for measuring grounding resistance
4.3.3.2 Operation maintenance for grounding device
4.4 Detection of Conductors and Ground Wires and Splicing Fittings
4.4.1 Performance Requirements and Heating Reasons for Conductors and Ground Wires and Splicing Fittings
4.4.1.1 Performance requirements
4.4.1.2 Reasons for temperature increase
4.4.2.1 Ocular estimate method
4.4.2.2 Infrared thermal imaging detection method
4.4.2.3 Ultraviolet imaging detection method
4.5 Conductor Sag Detection
4.5.1 Effects and Provision of Sag Size
4.5.1.1 Damage done by too little sag
4.5.1.2 Damage done by too much sag
4.5.1.3 Stipulations for the deviation of conductor sag
4.5.2 Measuring Methods for Sag
4.5.2.1 Equal length method
4.5.2.3 Measuring the sag by tension or dip angle
4.5.2.4 Measuring the sag by conductor temperature
4.6 Towers Tilt and Detection
4.6.1 Reasons for Tower Tilt
4.6.2 Detection Device of Tower Tilt Degree
4.6.2.1 Tower tilt intelligent detection system
4.6.2.2 Tower tilt online monitoring system
4.6.2.3 Tower inclinometer
4.7 Insulator Pollution Detection
4.7.1 Classification Standard of Pollution Grade
4.7.2 Detection Method of Insulator Pollution
4.7.2.1 Site pollution layer conductivity
4.7.2.2 Insulator pollution flashover gradient method
4.7.2.3 Leakage current time-domain detection method
4.7.2.4 Insulator surface equivalent salt deposit density method
4.7.2.5 Environmental monitoring method
4.8 Composite Insulators State Detection
4.8.1 The Structural Characteristics of Composite Insulators
4.8.2 The Performance Characteristics of Composite Insulators
4.8.3 The Detection Method of Composite Insulators
4.8.3.1 Direct observation method
4.8.3.2 UV imaging method
4.8.3.3 Infrared imaging method
4.8.3.4 Electric field method
4.8.3.5 Ultrasonic method
4.8.3.6 Hydrophobicity detection method
4.8.4 Detection Method Characteristics for Composite Insulators
5 Devices and technology for monitoring transmission lines
5.1 Overview of Online Monitoring for Transmission Lines
5.1.1 Classification of Online Monitoring for Transmission Lines
5.1.2 Basic Components of Online Monitoring System
5.1.3 Parameters and Sensors of Online Monitoring for Transmission Lines
5.1.3.1 Monitoring of operating characteristic parameters of lines and sensors
5.1.3.2 Monitoring parameters and sensors of meteorological conditions
5.1.4 Power Supply Modes of Online Monitoring Equipment
5.1.5 Wireless Transport, Processing, and Diagnostic Technologies of Monitoring Information
5.1.5.1 Wireless transport technology of information
5.1.5.2 Signal processing and diagnostic techniques
5.1.6 General Technical Requirement of Transmission Line Online Monitoring
5.1.6.1 Functional requirements
5.1.6.2 Technical requirements
5.1.6.3 Requirements for power supply
5.1.6.4 Test requirements
5.1.6.5 Installation and commissioning
5.2 Icing Monitoring of Transmission Lines
5.2.1 Analysis of Icing Formation Mechanism
5.2.1.1 Type of the transmission lines icing
5.2.1.2 Formation process of line icing
5.2.1.3 Necessary meteorological conditions of line icing
5.2.1.4 Influence factors of line icing
5.2.2 Icing Type and Fault Features of Transmission Lines
5.2.2.2 Conductors’ icing galloping and deicing jumping accidents
5.2.2.3 Ice flashover accident on insulator strings
5.2.3 The Principle of Icing Monitoring and the Application of Monitoring Devices for Conductors
5.2.3.1 The principle of icing online monitoring for conductors
5.2.3.2 Conductor icing growth prediction
5.2.3.3 The application of an icing monitoring device
5.2.3.4 The introduction of an icing monitoring device
5.3 Monitoring of Transmission Lines Pollution
5.3.1 Pollution Accumulation Characteristics for Line Insulator
5.3.1.1 Type and common composition of pollution
5.3.1.2 Insulator pollution accumulation rules
5.3.1.3 Factors for influencing the pollution accumulation of insulator equipment
5.3.2 Pollution Flashover Characteristics and Rules for Insulator Equipment
5.3.2.1 General process for pollution flashover
5.3.2.2 Mechanism of insulation equipment pollution
5.3.2.3 Pollution flashover characteristics of insulator strings
5.3.2.4 Pollution flashover characteristics of composite insulators
5.3.2.5 Influential factors on insulator flashover
5.3.2.6 Test methods of insulator pollution flashover characteristics
5.3.3 Principle of Monitoring System for Pollution and Device Application
5.3.3.1 Characterization of operating state of polluted insulators
5.3.3.2 Parameters and principle of online monitoring of pollution
5.3.3.3 Insulator online monitoring device and application
5.4 Monitoring of Transmission Lines’ Windage Yaw
5.4.1 Windage Discharge Mechanism and Influencing Factors
5.4.1.1 The reason and characteristics of windage yaw monitoring
5.4.1.2 The characteristic of windage yaw flashover
5.4.1.3 Influence factors on windage yaw angle
5.4.2 Theory of and Device for Monitoring the Wind Yaw
5.4.2.1 Basic parameters and theory of monitoring
5.4.2.2 The application of the wind yaw online monitoring device
5.5 Monitoring of Transmission Lines Vibration
5.5.1 Formation Mechanism and Influential Factors of Wind-Induced Vibration
5.5.1.1 Influential factors on wind-induced vibration
5.5.2 Monitoring Principles and Devices for Wind-Induced Vibration
5.5.2.1 Monitoring principle for wind-induced vibration
5.5.2.2 Monitoring parameters of system and standards for judging dangerous vibration
5.5.2.3 Application of conductor vibration monitoring device
5.6 Monitoring of Transmission Line Galloping
5.6.1 Mechanism and Influence Factors of Line Galloping
5.6.1.1 Mechanism of conductor galloping
5.6.1.2 Research on galloping mechanics
5.6.1.3 Line galloping model
5.6.1.4 Factors with influence on conductor galloping
5.6.2 Technical Parameters of the System and Application of Devices for Conductor Galloping Online Monitoring
5.6.2.1 Introduction of methods for conductor galloping online monitoring
5.6.2.2 Main technical parameters of monitoring
5.6.2.3 Application of conductor galloping online monitoring device
5.7 Monitoring of Conductor Temperature and Sag
5.7.1 Purpose of Monitoring of Conductor Temperature and Sag
5.7.2 Major Influential Factors for Increase in Line Capacity
5.7.3 Monitoring Devices for Temperature Rise and Sag in Conductors
5.7.3.1 Temperature monitoring principle
5.7.3.2 Principles of conductor temperature forecast
5.7.3.3 Monitoring principle of conductor sag
5.7.4 Temperature Rise and Application of Sag Monitoring Device
5.7.4.1 Application of the conductor temperature monitoring device
5.7.4.2 Application of real-time monitoring device of line sage
5.8 Monitoring of Transmission Lines Lightning Strike
5.8.1 Lightning Strike Mechanism and Line Fault
5.8.1.1 Lightning strike mechanism of transmission lines
5.8.1.2 Lightning parameters
5.8.1.3 Fault analysis for lightning strike lines
5.8.2 Lightning Positioning Monitoring Device and Application
5.8.2.1 Development situation and current status of grid lightning location system
5.8.2.2 Power grid lightning monitoring technology principle
5.8.2.3 Lightning location monitoring system in the application of the grids
5.8.3 Fault Monitoring Device on the Tower and Its Application
5.8.3.1 The judging principles of strike back and shielding failure
5.8.3.2 Lightning monitoring device
5.9 Other Online Monitoring Devices and Their Application
5.9.1 Image/Video and Meteorological Condition Monitoring for the Transmission Line
5.9.1.1 Technology and requirements for image and video monitor
5.9.1.2 Application of image and video monitoring device
5.9.2 Meteorological Parameter Monitoring Device
5.9.2.1 Main technology requirements for meteorological monitoring devices
5.9.2.2 Application of the weather monitoring device
5.9.3 Comprehensive Online Monitoring System
5.9.3.1 System introduction
5.9.3.2 Installation principle
5.9.3.3 The application of a comprehensive online monitoring device
Inspection and Monitoring Technologies of Transmission Lines with Remote Sensing
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