Doing Optimality Theory ：Applying Theory to Data

Publication subTitle ：Applying Theory to Data

Author： John J. McCarthy  

Publisher： John Wiley & Sons Inc‎

Publication year： 2009

E-ISBN: 9781444301199

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9781405151368

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9781405151351

Subject： H0-0 linguistic theory and methodology

Language： ENG

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Description

Doing Optimality Theory brings together examples and practical, detailed advice for undergraduates and graduate students working in linguistics. Given that the basic premises of Optimality Theory are markedly different from other linguistic theories, this book presents the analytic techniques and new ways of thinking and theorizing that are required.


  • Explains how to do analysis and research using Optimality Theory (OT) - a branch of phonology that has revolutionized the field since its conception in 1993

  • Offers practical, in-depth advice for students and researchers in the field, presented in an engaging way

  • Features numerous examples, questions, and exercises throughout, all helping to illustrate the theory and summarize the core concepts of OT

  • Written by John J. McCarthy, one of the theory’s leading proponents and an instrumental figure in the dissemination and use of OT today

  • An ideal guide through the intricacies of linguistic analysis and research for beginning researchers, and, by example, one which will lead the way to future developments in the field.

Chapter

Acknowledgments

pp.：  1 – 8

Read This First!

pp.：  8 – 10

Abbreviations

pp.：  10 – 12

1

pp.：  12 – 13

An Introduction to Optimality Theory

pp.：  13 – 13

1.1 How OT Began

pp.：  13 – 13

1.2 Why Must Constraints Be Violable?

pp.：  13 – 19

1.3 The Nature of Constraints in OT

pp.：  19 – 25

1.4 Candidate Sets: OT’s GEN Component

pp.：  25 – 28

1.5 Candidate Evaluation: OT’s EVAL Component

pp.：  28 – 31

1.6 Constraint Activity

pp.：  31 – 34

1.7 Differences between Languages

pp.：  34 – 38

1.8 The Version of OT Discussed in This Book

pp.：  38 – 39

1.9 Suggestions for Further Reading

pp.：  39 – 40

2

pp.：  40 – 42

2.1.1 Choosing a problem to work on

pp.：  42 – 42

2.1.2 Formulating a descriptive generalization

pp.：  42 – 45

2.1 Where to Begin

pp.：  42 – 42

How to Construct an Analysis

pp.：  42 – 42

2.1.3 Getting from the generalization to an analysis

pp.：  45 – 49

2.1.4 Summary

pp.：  49 – 51

2.2 How to Rank Constraints

pp.：  51 – 53

2.3 Working through an Analysis in Phonology

pp.：  53 – 65

2.4 The Limits of Ranking Arguments

pp.：  65 – 77

2.5 Candidates in Ranking Arguments

pp.：  77 – 84

2.6 Harmonic Bounding

pp.：  84 – 92

2.7 Constraints in Ranking Arguments

pp.：  92 – 95

2.8 Inputs in Ranking Arguments

pp.：  95 – 99

2.9 Working through an Analysis in Syntax

pp.：  99 – 107

2.10 Finding and Fixing Problems in an Analysis

pp.：  107 – 115

2.10.1 How to check an analysis for problems

pp.：  115 – 115

2.10.2 Problem 1: An invalid ranking argument

pp.：  115 – 120

2.10.3 Problem 2: A ranking paradox

pp.：  120 – 121

2.10.4 Problem 3: Dealing with richness of the base

pp.：  121 – 125

2.11 Constraint Ranking by Algorithm and Computer

pp.：  125 – 127

2.12 The Logic of Constraint Ranking and Its Uses

pp.：  127 – 136

3

pp.：  136 – 149

3.2 How to Organize a Paper

pp.：  149 – 150

How to Write Up an Analysis

pp.：  149 – 149

3.1 Introduction

pp.：  149 – 149

3.3 How to Present an OT Analysis

pp.：  150 – 154

3.4 The Responsibilities of Good Scholarship

pp.：  154 – 164

3.5 How to Write Clearly

pp.：  164 – 169

3.6 General Advice about Research Topics

pp.：  169 – 174

4

pp.：  174 – 178

4.1 Introduction

pp.：  178 – 178

4.2 When Is It Necessary to Modify CON?

pp.：  178 – 179

Developing New Constraints

pp.：  178 – 178

4.3 How to Discover a New Constraint

pp.：  179 – 183

4.4 How to Define a New Constraint

pp.：  183 – 186

4.5 Properties of Markedness Constraints

pp.：  186 – 188

4.5.2 Constraints that are evaluated gradiently

pp.：  188 – 193

4.5.1 How markedness constraints assign violations

pp.：  188 – 188

4.5.3 Constraints derived by harmonic alignment

pp.：  193 – 198

4.6 Properties of Faithfulness Constraints

pp.：  198 – 207

4.6.2 Faithfulness to features

pp.：  207 – 211

4.6.1 Correspondence theory

pp.：  207 – 207

4.6.3 Positional faithfulness

pp.：  211 – 215

4.6.4 Faithfulness constraints in the early OT literature

pp.：  215 – 220

4.7 Justifying Constraints

pp.：  220 – 224

4.7.1 The three ways of justifying a constraint

pp.：  224 – 224

4.7.2 Justifying constraints formally

pp.：  224 – 225

4.7.3 Justifying constraints functionally

pp.：  225 – 232

4.8 A Classified List of Common Phonological Markedness Constraints

pp.：  232 – 235

5

pp.：  235 – 247

Language Typology and Universals

pp.：  247 – 247

5.2 Language Universals and How to Explain Them in OT

pp.：  247 – 248

5.1 Factorial Typology

pp.：  247 – 247

5.3 Investigating the Factorial Typology of a Constraint Set

pp.：  248 – 251

5.4 Using Factorial Typology to Test New Constraints

pp.：  251 – 259

5.5 Factorial Typology When CON Isn’t Fully Known

pp.：  259 – 262

5.6 How to Proceed from Typology to Constraints

pp.：  262 – 266

6

pp.：  266 – 272

6.2 How Does a Language Vary?

pp.：  272 – 272

6.3 How is Language Acquired?

pp.：  272 – 276

6.1 Introduction

pp.：  272 – 272

Some Current Research Questions

pp.：  272 – 272

6.4 Does OT Need Derivations?

pp.：  276 – 278

6.5 How Is Ungrammaticality Accounted For?

pp.：  278 – 283

6.6 Is Faithfulness Enough?

pp.：  283 – 286

Afterword

pp.：  286 – 291

References

pp.：  291 – 292

Constraint Index

pp.：  292 – 310

Language Index

pp.：  310 – 313

Subject Index

pp.：  313 – 315

LastPages

pp.：  315 – 323

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