Chapter
2.4 Samples and standards
pp.：
45 – 62
2.5 Irradiation
pp.：
62 – 63
2.6 Influence of radionuclides formed at the surface
pp.：
63 – 69
2.7 Chemical separation of the radionuclides produced
pp.：
69 – 79
2.9 Calculations
pp.：
79 – 81
2.8 Determination of the induced activity
pp.：
79 – 79
3. Photon activation analysis
pp.：
81 – 82
3.2 Gamma photon generators
pp.：
82 – 84
3.1 Introduction
pp.：
82 – 82
3.3 Standardization
pp.：
84 – 86
3.4 Nuclear reactions
pp.：
86 – 88
3.5 Nuclear interferences
pp.：
88 – 88
3.6 Theoretical possibilities
pp.：
88 – 91
3.7 Irradiation facilities
pp.：
91 – 93
3.8 Radiochemical separation
pp.：
93 – 97
3.9 Specific advantages of the method
pp.：
97 – 107
4. References
pp.：
107 – 108
Chapter III: SAMPLE PREPARATION AND SURFACE ANALYSIS
pp.：
108 – 115
2. Measurement of surface concentrations
pp.：
115 – 119
1. Introduction
pp.：
115 – 115
2.1 Principle of the method
pp.：
119 – 119
2.2 Nuclear reactions
pp.：
119 – 122
2.3 Standardization
pp.：
122 – 123
2.4 Comment
pp.：
123 – 124
3.2 Final shaping of the sample
pp.：
124 – 125
3.1 Rough preparation of the analytical sample
pp.：
124 – 124
3. Mechanical shaping of analysis samples
pp.：
124 – 124
4. Shaping of large series of samples
pp.：
125 – 127
5. Chemical etching
pp.：
127 – 131
6. Recommended procedures
pp.：
131 – 132
6.2 Aluminium-silicon alloys
pp.：
132 – 133
6.1 Primary ingot aluminium
pp.：
132 – 132
6.3 Aluminium-magnesium alloys
pp.：
133 – 133
6.4 Copper
pp.：
133 – 134
6.6 Lead and lead alloys
pp.：
134 – 134
6.7 Nickel
pp.：
134 – 136
6.8 Titanium and TiAl6V4-alloy
pp.：
136 – 137
6.10 Molybdenum
pp.：
137 – 138
6.9 Zirconium
pp.：
137 – 137
6.12 Niobium
pp.：
138 – 139
6.11 Tungsten
pp.：
138 – 138
7. References
pp.：
139 – 140
6.13 Tantalum
pp.：
139 – 139
Chapter IV: THE DETERMINATION OF BORON
pp.：
140 – 143
1.2 The determination of boron in zirconium and zircaloy
pp.：
143 – 151
1.1 The determination of boron in aluminium
pp.：
143 – 143
1. Chemical methods
pp.：
143 – 143
2. Charged particle activation analysis
pp.：
151 – 157
2.1 Nuclear reactions
pp.：
157 – 157
2.2 Standards
pp.：
157 – 161
2.3 The determination of boron in aluminium and aluminium-magnesium alloys
pp.：
161 – 162
2.4 The determination of boron in zirconium and zircaloy
pp.：
162 – 163
3. Evaluation of methods
pp.：
163 – 172
3.2 The determination of boron in aluminium-magnesium alloys
pp.：
172 – 174
3.1 The determination of boron in aluminium
pp.：
172 – 172
3.3 The determination of boron in zirconium and zircaloy
pp.：
174 – 175
4. References
pp.：
175 – 178
Chapter V: THE DETERMINATION OF CARBON
pp.：
178 – 181
1. Chemical methods
pp.：
181 – 181
1.2 The determination of carbon in aluminium
pp.：
181 – 182
1.1 Introduction
pp.：
181 – 181
1.3 The determination of carbon in titanium, zirconium and zircaloy
pp.：
182 – 184
1.4 The determination of carbon in niobium, tantalum, molybdenum and tungsten
pp.：
184 – 189
1.5 The determination of carbon in copper
pp.：
189 – 193
1.6 The determination of carbon in nickel
pp.：
193 – 194
2. Charged particle activation analysis
pp.：
194 – 195
2.1 Nuclear reactions
pp.：
195 – 195
2.2 The determination of carbon in aluminium
pp.：
195 – 195
2.3 The determination of carbon in nickel
pp.：
195 – 197
2.4 The determination of carbon in zirconium and zircaloy
pp.：
197 – 197
2.5 The determination of carbon in niobium and tantalum
pp.：
197 – 199
2.6 The determination of carbon in molybdenum and tungsten
pp.：
199 – 200
3. Photon activation analysis
pp.：
200 – 201
3.2 The determination of carbon in aluminium
pp.：
201 – 203
3.1 The determination of carbon in sodium
pp.：
201 – 201
3.3 The determination of carbon in nickel
pp.：
203 – 204
3.5 Other examples of carbon determinations in non-ferrous metals
pp.：
204 – 208
3.4 The determination of carbon in refractory metals
pp.：
204 – 204
4. Evaluation of methods
pp.：
208 – 209
4.2 The determination of carbon in zirconium and zircaloy
pp.：
209 – 211
4.1 The determination of carbon in aluminium
pp.：
209 – 209
4.3 The determination of carbon in molybdenum and tungsten
pp.：
211 – 212
5. References
pp.：
212 – 214
Chapter VI: THE DETERMINATION OF NITROGEN
pp.：
214 – 220
1.1 The determination of nitrogen in zirconium and its alloys
pp.：
220 – 220
1.2 The determination of nitrogen in titanium and its alloys
pp.：
220 – 227
1. Chemical methods
pp.：
220 – 220
1.3 The determination of nitrogen in niobium and tantalum
pp.：
227 – 230
1.4 The determination of nitrogen in molybdenum and tungsten
pp.：
230 – 243
1.5 The determination of nitrogen in nickel
pp.：
243 – 245
2. Charged particle activation analysis
pp.：
245 – 246
2.3 The determination of nitrogen in titanium and its alloys
pp.：
246 – 248
2.1 Introduction
pp.：
246 – 246
2.2 Nuclear reactions
pp.：
246 – 246
2.4 The determination of nitrogen in nickel
pp.：
248 – 250
2.5 The determination of nitrogen in zirconium and zircaloy
pp.：
250 – 251
2.6 The determination of nitrogen in niobium and tantalum
pp.：
251 – 255
2.7 The determination of nitrogen in molybdenum and tungsten
pp.：
255 – 258
3. Proton activation analysis
pp.：
258 – 259
3.2 The determination of nitrogen in aluminium
pp.：
259 – 260
3.1 The determination of nitrogen in sodium
pp.：
259 – 259
3.3 The determination of nitrogen in nickel
pp.：
260 – 260
3.4 The determination of nitrogen in refractory metals
pp.：
260 – 262
3.5 Other examples of nitrogen determinations in non-ferrous metals
pp.：
262 – 263
4. Evaluation of methods
pp.：
263 – 263
4.1 The determination of nitrogen in zirconium and zircaloy
pp.：
263 – 263
4.2 The determination of nitrogen in titanium and TiAl6V4-alloy
pp.：
263 – 265
4.3 The determination of nitrogen in molybdenum and tungsten
pp.：
265 – 266
4.4 The determination of nitrogen in nickel
pp.：
266 – 267
5. References
pp.：
267 – 268
Chapter VII: THE DETERMINATION OF OXYGEN
pp.：
268 – 273
1.2 The determination of oxygen in aluminium alloys
pp.：
273 – 280
1.1 The determination of oxygen in aluminium
pp.：
273 – 273
1. Chemical methods
pp.：
273 – 273
1.3 The determination of oxygen in copper
pp.：
280 – 281
1.4 The determination of oxygen in copper alloys
pp.：
281 – 294
1.5 The determination of oxygen in lead
pp.：
294 – 301
1.6 The determination of oxygen in lead alloys
pp.：
301 – 304
1.7 The determination of oxygen in nickel
pp.：
304 – 304
1.8 The determination of oxygen in zirconium, titanium and their alloys
pp.：
304 – 305
1.9 The determination of oxygen in niobium and tantalum
pp.：
305 – 313
1.10 The determination of oxygen in molybdenum
pp.：
313 – 317
1.11 The determination of oxygen in tungsten
pp.：
317 – 320
2. 14 MeV neutron activation analysis
pp.：
320 – 321
2.3 Irradiation and measuring conditions
pp.：
321 – 322
2.1 Nuclear reactions
pp.：
321 – 321
2.2 Apparatus
pp.：
321 – 321
2.4 Samples, standards and flux monitors
pp.：
322 – 323
2.5 Sources of errors
pp.：
323 – 324
2.6 Precision and sensitivity
pp.：
324 – 329
2.7 Results
pp.：
329 – 332
3.1 Nuclear reactions
pp.：
332 – 332
3.2 The chemical separation of 18F
pp.：
332 – 334
3. Charged particle activation analysis
pp.：
332 – 332
3.3 The determination of oxygen in aluminium
pp.：
334 – 338
3.4 The determination of oxygen in titanium, zirconium and their alloys
pp.：
338 – 341
3.5 The determination of oxygen in nickel
pp.：
341 – 342
3.6 The determination of oxygen in copper
pp.：
342 – 343
3.7 The determination of oxygen in molybdenum and tungsten
pp.：
343 – 345
3.8 The determination of oxygen in tantalum
pp.：
345 – 347
4. Photon activation analysis
pp.：
347 – 348
3.9 The determination of oxygen in lead
pp.：
347 – 347
4.1 The determination of oxygen in sodium
pp.：
348 – 348
4.2 The determination of oxygen in aluminium
pp.：
348 – 349
4.3 The determination of oxygen in nickel and copper
pp.：
349 – 350
4.5 The determination of oxygen in lead and its alloys
pp.：
350 – 355
4.4 The determination of oxygen in refractory metals
pp.：
350 – 350
4.6 Other examples of oxygen determinations in non-ferrous metals
pp.：
355 – 356
5. Evaluation of methods
pp.：
356 – 357
5.1 The determination of oxygen in aluminium
pp.：
357 – 357
5.2 The determination of oxygen in copper
pp.：
357 – 359
5.3 The determination of oxygen in lead and its alloys
pp.：
359 – 360
5.4 The determination of oxygen in nickel
pp.：
360 – 361
5.5 The determination of oxygen in titanium, zirconium and their alloys
pp.：
361 – 362
5.6 The determination of oxygen in niobium and tantalum
pp.：
362 – 362
5.7 The determination of oxygen in molybdenum
pp.：
362 – 364
5.8 The determination of oxygen in tungsten
pp.：
364 – 365
Chapter VIII: THE DETERMINATION OF PHOSPHORUS
pp.：
365 – 380
6. References
pp.：
365 – 365
1. Chemical methods
pp.：
380 – 380
2. Charged particle activation analysis
pp.：
380 – 386
2.3 Results and discussion
pp.：
386 – 389
2.1 Nuclear reactions
pp.：
386 – 386
2.2 Experimental procedure for the determination of phosphorus in aluminium alloys
pp.：
386 – 386
3. Neutron activation analysis
pp.：
389 – 390
3.2 Applications
pp.：
390 – 390
3.3 The determination of phosphorus in aluminium-silicon alloy
pp.：
390 – 391
3.1 Nuclear reactions
pp.：
390 – 390
3.4 The determination of phosphorus (and sulphur) in copper and nickel
pp.：
391 – 392
4. Evaluation of methods
pp.：
392 – 394
5. References
pp.：
394 – 394
Chapter IX: THE DETERMINATION OF SULPHUR
pp.：
394 – 396
1. Chemical methods
pp.：
396 – 396
1.2 The determination of sulphur in nickel
pp.：
396 – 406
1.1 The determination of sulphur in copper
pp.：
396 – 396
2. Charged particle activation analysis
pp.：
406 – 408
2.1 Nuclear reactions
pp.：
408 – 408
2.2 Experimental procedure for the determination of sulphur in copper and nickel
pp.：
408 – 409
2.3 Results and discussion
pp.：
409 – 411
3. Neutron activation analysis
pp.：
411 – 412
3.2 Applications
pp.：
412 – 413
3.1 Nuclear reactions
pp.：
412 – 412
5. References
pp.：
413 – 413
4. Evaluation of methods
pp.：
413 – 413
Subject index
pp.：
415 – 415
Modern Methods for the Determination of Non-Metals in Non-Ferrous Metals
：Applications to Particular Systems of Metallurgical Importance
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