Author： Rusten Bjorn Ødegaard Hallvard
Publisher： Water Environment Federation
ISSN： 1933-1770
Source： Water Practice, Vol.1, Iss.5, 2007-11, pp. : 1-13
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Abstract
Out of six plants with nitrogen removal in Norway, four plants use the Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) process. In all four cases the MBBR process offered a very compact treatment solution and had both the lowest investment costs and the lowest total annual costs. These MBBR plants use the combined denitrification process (pre-denitrification + post-denitrification) for nitrogen removal, followed by chemical precipitation for phosphorus removal. This type of design offers a lot of flexibility and enables the plants to produce very low effluent concentrations. External carbon sources used for post-denitrification are ethanol, methanol and monopropylene glycol. The plants have maximum design flows from 1,125 to 7,200 m3/h (7.1 to 45.6 mgd). Years of full-scale experience from these MBBR plants has documented that final effluent concentrations below 3 mg total N/L and 0.3 mg total P/L can be achieved at low wastewater temperatures and at acceptable capital and O & M costs.
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