Extending the Benefits of Recategorization: Evaluations, Self-Disclosure, and Helping

Author： Dovidio J.F. Gaertner S.L. Validzic A. Matoka K. Johnson B. Frazier S.

ISSN： 0022-1031

Source： Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Vol.33, Iss.4, 1997-07, pp. : 401-420

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Abstract

The Common Ingroup Identity Model proposes that if members of different groups conceive of themselves more as a single group rather than as two separate groups, intergroup bias will be reduced through processes involving pro-ingroup favoritism. The present research extended work on this model by investigating the effects of recategorization on intergroup behavior, specifically helping and self-disclosure, as well as evaluations. Participants first worked as members of two three-person groups, and then the two groups interacted under conditions designed to enhance a two-group representation or recategorization with an inclusive one-group representation. As expected, the manipulation of the intergroup contact situation that created stronger impressions of one group reduced intergroup bias in evaluations, self-disclosure, and helping. Furthermore, ratings of the extent to which the six participants felt like one group mediated the reduction in bias, particularly for evaluative bias. Conditions facilitating the generalization of the benefits of recategorization to group members not present and to other groups are considered.