Hazardous Substances and Human Health :Exposure, Impact and External Cost Assessment at the European Scale ( Volume 8 )

Publication subTitle :Exposure, Impact and External Cost Assessment at the European Scale

Publication series :Volume 8

Author: Bachmann   Till M  

Publisher: Elsevier Science‎

Publication year: 2006

E-ISBN: 9780080462523

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780444522184

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780444522184

Subject: R1 Preventive Medicine , Health;X9 Safety Science

Language: ENG

Access to resources Favorite

Disclaimer: Any content in publications that violate the sovereignty, the constitution or regulations of the PRC is not accepted or approved by CNPIEC.

Description

There is widespread public concern about hazardous chemicals that are contained in air, soil, water and food. Policy has therefore adopted a series of laws and regulations concerning emissions into and concentration levels in different media including food. As policy makers do not only have to consider the protection of the environment but also need to ensure a well-functioning economy at the same time, these limit or target values need to be set in a balanced way. The main problem, however, is to compare the costs for achieving these targets with the benefits to society by having a smaller exposure to hazardous substances (cost-benefit analysis).



This book sets out to improve the reliability of cost-benefit analyses particularly of hazardous substances present in air, water, soil and food. It suggests that the human health risk assessment of chemicals is performed in a bottom-up analysis, i.e., following a spatially resolved multimedia modelling approach. In order to support cost-benefit analyses, the approach is accompanied by monetary valuation of human health impacts, yielding so-called external costs. Results for selected priority metals show that these external costs are small compared to those by the classical air pollutants and involve rather long time horizons touching on the aspect of intergenerational equity within sustainable development. When including further hazardous substances, the total external costs attributable to contaminants are expected to b

Chapter

Cover

pp.:  1 – 18

Preface

pp.:  8 – 10

Acknowledgements

pp.:  10 – 12

Zusammenfassung

pp.:  12 – 26

Contents

pp.:  18 – 8

List of Figures

pp.:  26 – 32

List of Tables

pp.:  32 – 40

Abbreviations and acronyms

pp.:  40 – 44

Introduction

pp.:  44 – 48

Assessment of human health impacts and the approach followed

pp.:  48 – 76

Multimedia environmental fate and/or exposure assessment of prioritised contaminants

pp.:  76 – 108

Multimedia environmental fate assessment framework: outline, atmospheric modelling and spatial differentiation

pp.:  108 – 130

Modelling the environmental fate in the terrestrial environment

pp.:  130 – 178

Modelling the environmental fate in the aquatic environment

pp.:  178 – 194

Exposure and impact assessment

pp.:  194 – 230

Valuation

pp.:  230 – 248

Evaluation of results

pp.:  248 – 320

Case studies on emissions from single facilities

pp.:  320 – 344

Whole economy case study

pp.:  344 – 362

Concluding remarks

pp.:  362 – 378

References

pp.:  378 – 426

Appendix A Model formulation

pp.:  426 – 496

Appendix B Substance-independent data

pp.:  496 – 570

Appendix C Substance-dependent data

pp.:  570 – 602

Appendix D Symbols, indices and compartment acronyms used for parameter and process description

pp.:  602 – 608

index

pp.:  608 – 614

The users who browse this book also browse