Author: Marshall Will
Publisher: Routledge Ltd
ISSN: 1477-7622
Source: Astropolitics, Vol.6, Iss.2, 2008-05, pp. : 154-199
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Abstract
The United States military is very dependent on satellites. The existing satellite architecture used has single point failures to existing recognized threats. A concept that could provide a significant part of the solution of how the United States, as well as other states, can overcome such vulnerabilities is discussed. The prescription centers on a new type of satellite architecture—the Multitiered Microsatellite Constellation Architecture—which reduces risks to space assets by increasing system redundancy, modularity, and dispersion through the use of microsatellite constellations in several orbital tiers. An example constellation design is given for each of the five major contemporary military space uses—early warning, reconnaissance, signals intelligence, military communications, and navigation. The scheme is placed in the context of other complimentary elements that are likely to be necessary to enable security of space assets, in particular: protection of space systems; responsive space access; terrestrial alternatives; space surveillance; treaties; and verification means thereof. Since the Chinese anti-satellite test, the response of the United States military in part has been to develop Operationally Responsive Space. While this is a key ingredient, it must be complemented by more secure satellite architectures as exemplified by microsatellite constellations.
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