Colonization of barley roots by endophytic fungi and their reduction of take-all caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici

Author: Maciá-Vicente Jose G.   Jansson Hans-Börje   Mendgen Kurt   Lopez-Llorca Luis V.  

Publisher: NRC Research Press

ISSN: 1480-3275

Source: Canadian Journal of Microbiology, Vol.54, Iss.8, 2008-08, pp. : 600-609

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Abstract

Fungal root endophytes obtained from natural vegetation were tested for antifungal activity in dual culture tests against the root pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Fifteen isolates, including Acremonium blochii, Acremonium furcatum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Cylindrocarpon sp., Cylindrocarpon destructans, Dactylaria sp., Fusarium equiseti, Phoma herbarum, Phoma leveillei, and a sterile mycelium, selected based on the dual culture test, were inoculated on barley roots in growth tubes under axenic conditions, both in the absence and presence of G. graminis var. tritici. All isolates colonized the rhizosphere and very often the root cortex without causing disease symptoms and without affecting plant growth. Eight isolates significantly reduced the symptoms caused by G. graminis var. tritici, and 6 of them reduced its presence in the roots.L’activité antifongique d’endophytes fongiques racinaires isolés de la végétation naturelle envers le pathogène racinaire Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici a été testée par un essai en double culture. Quinze isolats choisis sur la base du test en double culture, comprenant Acremonium blochii, Acremonium furcatum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Cylindrocarpon sp., Cylindrocarpon destructans, Dactylaria sp., Fusarium equiseti, Phoma herbarum, Phoma leveilli et un mycélium stérile, ont été inoculés dans des racines d’orge cultivées en tube sous des conditions axéniques, en présence ou en absence de G. graminis var. tritici. Tous les isolats ont colonisé la rhizosphère et, souvent, le cortex des racines, sans causer l’apparition de symptômes de maladie et sans affecter la croissance des plants. Huit isolats ont significativement réduit les symptômes causés par G. graminis var. tritici et 6 d’entre eux ont réduit sa présence dans les racines.

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