Morphological characterization of the genetic variation existing in a Neotropical collection of yam bean, Pachyrhizus tuberosus (Lam.) Spreng.

Author： Tapia C.   Sørensen M.  

Publisher： Springer Publishing Company

ISSN： 0925-9864

Source： Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, Vol.50, Iss.7, 2003-11, pp. : 681-692

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Abstract

A total of 70 qualitative and quantitative characters were included to design a distance matrix between samples in order to conduct morphological characterisation of the accessions included in the Pachyrhizus tuberosus germplasm collection at CATIE, Costa Rica. The matrix was used to analyse Ward's hierarchic grouping. The distances between and within groups were analysed for the characters of greater discriminating value “D”; in addition, the size of the minimum sample was obtained and the genetic variability analysed. The collection was classified into four main groups: “ashipas” (groups 1 and 4), “chuins” (group 2) and “jíquimas” (group 3) in agreement with the three cultivar groups described earlier. Ten qualitative and seven quantitative characters with greater discriminating power were used to identify groups, and samples within groups. The characters most useful to initial description were: the shape and type of the lobe of the terminal leaflet, colour of the root pulp, growth habit (determinate vs. indeterminate), days to flowering and days to physiological maturity. The minimum sample size for qualitative characters ranged between one and three repetitions, and for quantitative characters minimum samples included 20 to 50 repetitions within acceptable limits. The length/width ratio of the terminal leaflet was identified, as were the days to physiological maturity of the legume (pod). The samples with less genetic variability for the quantitative characters were the length of the flower, width of the vexillum, length/width ratio of the terminal leaflet and the days to physiological maturity.

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