Types of Two-Dimensional Pendulums and Their Uses in Education

Author: Whitaker Robert J.  

Publisher: Springer Publishing Company

ISSN: 0926-7220

Source: Science and Education, Vol.13, Iss.4-5, 2004-07, pp. : 401-415

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Abstract

Pendulums which swing in two dimensions simultaneously and are designed to leave a record of their motion are termed `harmonographs'. The curves which they draw are known, alternatively, as `Bowditch curves' or `Lissajous curves'. A variety of designs of harmonographs have been invented over the years. These may be a `Y-suspended' `simple' pendulum, or they may be a complex `physical' pendulum system. Harmonographs have been built as demonstration apparatus in physics (or mathematics) or as `art' machines for enjoying the aesthetics of the curves produced.