Recent developments in the sociology of HIV risk behaviour

Author: Hart Graham   Flowers Paul  

Publisher: Routledge Ltd

ISSN: 1357-5309

Source: Risk Decision and Policy , Vol.1, Iss.2, 1996-08, pp. : 153-165

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Abstract

In contrast to the epidemiological and individual focus of much work concerning HIV risk, this paper examines the social context of HIV risk behaviour. It presents an overview of the sociology of HIV risk by examining it at the macro-, meso- and micro-social levels. In terms of the macro-social level, the patterning of HIV infection is directly structured by a political economy of HIV risk. We address the socio-historical context by illustrating the impact of poverty and structural homophobia upon HIV transmission. In terms of the meso-social level, we explore the role of socially organised opportunities for, and constraints on, risk behaviour. Interventions are described which are not premised upon individual persuasion but instead address the social and organizational determinants of HIV risk behaviour. With regard to the micro-social level, we focus upon the normative context of HIV risk related behaviours and examine the role of social norms within the gay community. Interventions which position individuals as embedded within their immediate social context are reported. Together, these developments highlight the utility of exploring the socially situated nature of many HIV risk related behaviours.