Long-term variation in survival rates of Sand Martins Riparia riparia: dependence on breeding and wintering ground weather, age and sex, and their population consequences: Capsule Survival rates of Sand Martins are driven by variation in rainfall on the wintering grounds prior to their arrival and in the breeding area in the previous summer; inter-annual changes in abundance also show strong correlations with survival.

Author: Cowley Edward   Siriwardena Gavin M.  

Publisher: Taylor & Francis Ltd

ISSN: 0006-3657

Source: Bird Study, Vol.52, Iss.3, 2005-11, pp. : 237-251

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