Contents

Preface

Abbreviations

Chapter One Introduction

A. Kingdom, Kingship, and John’s Gospel

1. Johannine Scholarship and Issues of Kingship

2. Kingship in the Synoptic Gospels Versus John’s Gospel

3. The Turning Tide in Kingdom and Kingship

B. Metaphor and John’s Gospel

C. Thesis Statement

D. Research Methodology/Model/Framework

E. Chapter by Chapter

Chapter Two Waterskiing Across Metaphor’s Surface: A Linguistic and Literary Metaphor Theory

A. Metaphor Theory: A Brief History, Definition of Terms, and a New Proposal

1. Philosophy

2. The Value of Philosophical Clarity

3. Reality and Metaphor

4. Knowledge and Metaphor

5. Metaphor and Ideology

B. Linguistics

1. Cognitive Linguistics and Metaphor

2. The Cognitive/Functional Divide

3. Hallidayan Functional Linguistics and Metaphor

C. Literary Theory

1. Using Literary Theories

D. Steps for the Model

1. A Step-by-Step Model

2. The Necessity of These Steps

Chapter Three God is King: Metaphors of Kingship in the Hebrew Bible

A. Past Scholarship

B. Kingship in the Hebrew Bible

1. Deuteronomy 17: A “Paradigm” of Kingship

2. Historical Texts

3. The “Davidic” Royal Psalms

4. Prophetic Texts

C. Conclusions

Chapter Four The Anointed King: Messiah and Kingship in John 1

A. Assessing the Conceptual Domains of King and Prophet

B. Discourse Analysis of John 1

Impact of Discourse Analysis on Metaphors in John 1

Lexical Cohesion

C. Metaphorical Blending Analysis: Messiah and Its Related Metaphors in John 1

Conceptual Blending and Kingship Terms

D. “Messiah” in John 11 and John 20

Martha’s Confession and the Raising of Lazarus

The Stated Purpose of John’s Gospel and the Confessions about Jesus

E. Conclusion: Rhetorical and Theological Purpose of the Use of Messiah and King in John 1

Jesus’ Identity as King

Subverting the Power of Kings: Kingship and Contested Authority

Everlasting, Living Kingship: The King’s Character and the Response

Chapter Five The Eternal King: Metaphors of Eternal Life and Kingship in John 3

A. Past Scholarship of John 3

B. Discourse Analysis of John 3:1–21

Impact of Discourse Analysis on Metaphors in John 3:1–21

Lexical Cohesion in John 3:1–21

C. Metaphorical Blending Analysis: The Eternal King in John 3:1–21

The Eternal King in the Hebrew Bible and Second Temple Literature

Familial Metaphors

Eternal Life and Jesus’ Kingship

Sensory Metaphors and Kingship

Refuge/Salvific and Judging Metaphors and Kingship

Naming Metaphors and Kingship

D. Rhetorical and Theological Implications of the Eternal King

Eternal Life and God’s Kingdom: The Character and Identity of the King

Everlasting, Living Kingship and Justice: Response to the King

Chapter Six The Shepherd King: Metaphors of Pastoralism and Kingship in John 9–10

A. Past Scholarship of John 9–10

B. Discourse Analysis of John 9–10

Impact of Discourse Analysis on Metaphors in John 9–10

Lexical Cohesion

C. Metaphorical Blending Analysis: Light of the World and Shepherd-King in John 9–10

Sensory Metaphors and Kingship

The Son of Man as Judge and Kingship

The Shepherd-King, Biblical Justice, and Contested Authority

D. Rhetorical and Theological Implications of the Shepherd King

Kingship, Contested Authority, and Jesus’ Identity or Which One Flock and Which One Shepherd?

The Good Shepherd and Biblical Justice: The King’s Character

The Good Shepherd and His Good Sheep?: Kingship and Response

Chapter Seven Blessed be the King of Israel: The Triumphal Entry and Kingship in John 12

A. Discourse Analysis of John 12

1. Jesus, the King of Israel (John 12:9–19)

2. The Son of Man’s Hour (John 12:20–36)

3. Fulfilling Prophecy (John 12:37–43)

4. Believing in the Son, Believing in the Father (John 12:44–50)

5. Lexical Cohesion

B. Metaphorical Blending Analysis: Kingship and Contested Authority in John 12

1. Don’t Fear, Daughter Zion . . . Your King is Here: Quotation and Metaphor in John 12

2. John 12: Familial, Judicial, and Royal Metaphors

3. Contested Authority and Kingship in John 12

C. Rhetorical and Theological Implications of Jesus’ Kingship in John 12

1. King of Comfort for the Oppressed

2. Kingship Clustering and the “Ruler of the World”

Chapter Eight The Crucified and Exalted King: Contested Kingship in John 18–19

Discourse Analysis

Metaphorical Blending Analysis: Exaltation and Contested Authority in John 18–19

Contested Authority and Kingship in John 18–19

We Have No King but Caesar?: Rhetorical and Theological Implications in John 18–19

King of Comfort for the Oppressed

Which King? Discipleship and Allegiance

Exaltation in the Cross: Inaugurated Resurrection

Chapter Nine Who is this King of Glory?: Implications of Kingship Metaphors in John’s Gospel

Summary

Further Research Based on this Study

Appendices

Bibliography

Index of Modern Authors

Index of Names and Subjects

Index of Ancient Sources