Preface

Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 From the October Revolution to the Stalin Era (1917–29)

2.i. Kautsky and the Bolsheviks: three controversies

Kautsky versus Lenin

Kautsky versus Trotsky

Kautsky versus Bukharin

2.ii. Levi, Luxemburg and the Bolsheviks: criticism and counter-criticism

Levi

Luxemburg

Interpretations

Zetkin, Lukács, and Kautsky

2.iii. Left-communist criticisms

Gorter, Pannekoek, Rühle

Korsch

2.iv. Summary

Chapter 3 From Stalin's 'Great Leap Forwards' to the 'Great Patriotic War' (1929–41)

3.i. State capitalism

Miasnikov

Adler

Wagner

Worrall

Pollock

3.ii. Trotsky: the theory of the degenerated workers' state

3.iii. Theories of a new mode of production

Laurat

Weil

Rizzi

Burnham

Shachtman

Carter

Pedrosa

Hilferding

3.iv. Criticism

Criticism of theories of state capitalism

Criticisms of the theory of the degenerated workers' state

Criticisms of theories of a new mode of production

3.v. Summary

Chapter 4 From the 'Great Patriotic War' to the Structural Assimilation of Eastern Europe (1941–56)

4.i. The theory of the degenerated workers' state

4.ii. Theories of state capitalism

Grandizo/Péret

James/Dunayevskaya

Castoriadis/Lefort

Cliff

Bordiga

4.iii. Theories of a new mode of production

Guttmann

4.iv. Interpretations 'without labels'

Sternberg

Cycon

Frölich

Kofler

4.v. Debates and mutual criticism

The Deutscher debate

Responses to Burnham

Mandel's critique of 'state capitalism' and 'bureaucratic collectivism'

4.vi. Summary

Chapter 5 From the Twentieth Congress of the CPSU to the Repression of the 'Prague Spring' (1956–68)

5.i. Theories of state capitalism

The current around Cliff

5.ii. The theory of the degenerated workers' state

5.iii. Theories of a new mode of production

Djilas

Kuron/Modzelewski

5.iv. Theories 'without labels'

Wittfogel and his critics

Marcuse

Rosdolsky

Boeuve

5.v. Summary

Chapter 6 From the Repression of the 'Prague Spring' to Perestroika (1968–85)

6.i. Theories of state capitalism

Cliff's current

Mattick

Maoist variants: Holmberg; Bettelheim and his critics

The operaïst variant

6.ii. The theory of the degenerated workers' state

Elaborations

Criticisms

Mohun's revision

6.iii. Theories of bureaucratic collectivism

Stojanovic

Critical Rizzi-supporters: Carlo and Melotti

Fantham/Machover

Sweezy

6.iv. Theories of the new mode of production without a (consolidated) ruling class

Pioneers: Arthur, Naville, Altvater/Neusüss

The debate in 'Links'

Dutschke and his critics

Zimin

Digression: Sohn-Rethel, Damus and the 'social synthesis'

Bahro and his critics

Schmiederer

Ticktin and his critics

The Hungarian 'New Left'

Campeanu

6.v. Summary

Chapter 7 The Collapse and Its Aftermath: From 1985 to the Present

7.i. Theories of (state) capitalism

The current around Cliff and its critics

Daum and his critics

Sapir

Chattopadyay and his critic

Fernandez

'Aufheben'

Sandemose

Resnick & Wolff and their critics

7.ii. The theory of the degenerated workers' state

7.iii. Theories of bureaucratic collectivism

Loone

Brenner and his critic

Finger

7.iv. Theories of a new mode of production without a (consolidated) ruling class

Füredi

Ticktin and his critics

Cox

Arthur

Behrens

Campeanu

7.v. Summary

Chapter 8 In Lieu of a Conclusion

Chapter 9 Meta-theoretical note

References

Index