ABBREVIATIONS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

INTRODUCTION

Literary and Theological Significance

Literary Significance

Theological Significance

Definitions and Distinctions

Terminology

Contextual Considerations

"Appearances"

General "Auditions"

"Auditions" of the Holy Spirit

Methodology

Content and Focus

CHAPTER ONE DREAM-VISIONS IN ANTIQUITY

Dream-visions in non-Jewish, Graeco-Roman Culture

Positive Evaluations of Dreams

Disputed Dreams in Graeco-Roman Literature

Scholarly Attempts to Treat this Diverse Evidence

Assessment of Dream-Visions in Graeco-Roman Culture

Dream-visions in Jewish Literature

Evidence from Jewish Scripture

Positive Evaluations of Dreams

Negative Evaluations of Dreams

Positive Evaluations of Visions

Negative Evaluations of Visions

The Question of Distinctions Between Dreams and Visions

Summary of Dreams and Visions as Revelation in Jewish Scripture

Evidence from Other Jewish Literature

Old Testament Apocrypha

Qumran

Old Testament Pseudepigrapha

Philo

Josephus

Comparison of non-Jewish and Jewish Perspectives

Importance for the Study of Dream-Visions in Luke-Acts

Conclusions and Cautions

CHAPTER TWO HISTORY OF INTERPRETATION

Interpretation of Acts 16:6–10

Pre-Critical Period

Calvin

19th Century Scholarship

Neander and Zeller

Religionsgeschichtliche Schule

Wikenhauser

Mid-20th Century Acts Scholarship

Henry J. Cadbury

Martin Dibelius

Ernst Haenchen

Hans Conzelmann

Later 20th Century Commentators

Richard I. Pervo

Robert C. Tannehill

Luke Timothy Johnson

Edmond Farahian

C.K. Barrett

Charles Talbert

F. Scott Spencer

Jacob Jervell

Joseph Fitzmyer

Beverly Roberts Gaventa

Summary

Scholarship on Dreams and Visions in Luke-Acts

19th Century Scholarship

Schneckenburger

Religionsgeschichtliche Schule

Wikenhauser

Mid- and Late 20th Century Scholarship

Ernst Benz

John A. Sanford

Morton T. Kelsey

John Hanson

Shawn Kelley

John Squires

Michael James Day

David Allan Handy

Summary

CHAPTER THREE PAUL’S DREAM-VISION AT TROAS (ACTS 16:6–10)

Analysis of Acts 16:6–10

Setting the Troas Passage in Context

Preceding Context (Acts 13:1–16:5)

Aftermath (16:11 – 17:15)

Implications for the Interpretation of the Troas Episode

CHAPTER FOUR DREAM-VISIONS IN THE GOSPEL OF LUKE

The Infancy Narrative

Zechariah’s Vision

The Appearance of Gabriel to Zechariah (Luke 1:8–20)

The Benedictus (Luke 1:68–79)

Mary’s Vision

The Annunciation to Mary (Luke 1:26–38)

The Magnificat (Luke 1:46–55)

The Question of Expectations and Fulfillment

The Shepherds’ Vision (Luke 2:8–15)

Other Dream-Visions in Luke’s Gospel

The Descent of the Spirit and God’s Affirmation (Luke 3:21–22)

The Temptation (Luke 4:1–13)

The Transfiguration (Luke 9:29–36)

"I was watching Satan fall" (Luke 10:17–20)

Angel on the Mount of Olives (Luke 22:39–46)

Resurrection Message, Report, and Disbelief (Luke 24:4–7)

Conclusion

CHAPTER FIVE DREAM-VISIONS IN THE ACTS OF THE APOSTLES

Dream-Visions and the Early Witness in Jerusalem

The Angelic Message to the Apostles (Acts 1:10–12)

The Coming of the8 Holy Spirit at Pentecost (Acts 2:1–4)

The Coming of the Spirit Explained (Acts 2:12–21)

An Angel Rescues the Apostles from Prison (Acts 5:19–21a)

Stephen’s Arrest and Recapitulation of Israel’s Story (Acts 6:8 – 7:60)

Dream-Visions and the Spread of the Gospel

An Angel, the Spirit, Philip, and the Ethiopian Eunuch (Acts 8:26–40)

Saul’s Conversion (Acts 9:1–19, 22:6–21, and 26:12–18)

Jesus Confronts Saul (Acts 9:3–7)

The Lord Speaks to Ananias (Acts 9:10–18)

Paul’s First Retelling (Acts 22:6–21)

Paul’s Second Retelling (Acts 26:12–20)

The Visions of Cornelius and Peter (Acts 10:1 – 11:18)

An Angel of God Appears to Cornelius (Acts 10:1–6)

Peter’s Vision (Acts 10:10–20)

Peter and Herod: A Double-Vision of Deliverance and Death (Acts 12:7–10, 21–23)

The Spirit Calls Barnabas and Saul (Acts 13:1–3)

Multifaceted Witness of the Spirit (Acts 15:28; 19:21; 20:22–23; 21:4, 11–14)

'The Holy Spirit thinks so, too' (Acts 15:28)

The Spirit and Testimony (Acts 19:21 and 20:22–23)

The Spirit and Counter-testimony (Acts 21:4, 11–14)

The Lord tells Paul to stay in Corinth (Acts 18:9–11)

Sadducees, Pharisees, and a Vision of the Lord (Acts 23:8–11)

Paul’s Vision at Sea (Acts 27:23–24)

Conclusion

CONCLUSION

Summary

The Importance and Function of Dream-Visions in Luke-Acts

Suggestions for Future Research

BIBLIOGRAPHY

AUTHOR INDEX

INDEX OF PASSAGES

SUBJECT INDEX