Chapter
1 Ecosystem Services and the Concept of ‘Integrated Soil Biology Management’
Agriculture from an Ecological Perspective
Biotic Interactions within the Soil Food Web
Biological Control of Plant-parasitic Nematodes
The Rise of Conservation Agriculture
Biological Control of Nematodes: Current Status and the Way Forward
Integrated Soil Biology Management
Transferring Ecological Knowledge into Practical Outcomes
SECTION II: THE SOIL ENVIRONMENT, SOIL ECOLOGY, SOIL HEALTH AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
2 The Soil Environment and the Soil–Root Interface
The Process of Soil Formation and the Composition of Soil
Impact of Organic Matter on Soil Properties
The Soil Environment and Its Impact on Nematodes and Other Soil Organisms
Implications for Biological Control
3 The Soil Food Web and the Soil Nematode Community
Major Groups of Organisms in Soil
Structure of the Soil Food Web
Impact of Land Management on Energy Channels within the Soil Food Web
Interactions within the Soil Food Web
Regulation of Populations by Resource Supply and Predation
Impacts of the Soil Food Web on Ecosystem Processes: Storage and Cycling of Nutrients
The Soil Nematode Community
Implications for Biological Control
4 Global Food Security, Soil Health and Sustainable Agriculture
Sustainable Farming Systems
Ecological Knowledge, Biotic Interactions and Agricultural Management
Integrated Soil Biology Management
Ecologically Based Management Systems and the Role of Farmers
Implications for Biological Control
SECTION III: NATURAL ENEMIES OF NEMATODES
5 Nematophagous Fungi and Oomycetes
Taxonomy, Infection Mechanisms, General Biology and Ecology
Fungal–Nematode Interactions in Soil
Nematophagous Fungi as Agents for Suppressing Nematode Populations
Maximizing the Predacious Activity of Nematophagous Fungi in Agricultural Soils
6 Nematodes, Mites and Collembola as Predators of Nematodes, and the Role of Generalist Predators
Microarthropods as Predators of Nematodes
Miscellaneous Predators of Nematodes
Generalist Predators as Suppressive Agents
7 Obligate Parasites of Nematodes: Viruses and Bacteria in the Genus Pasteuria
Viral Infectious Agents of Nematodes
Bacteria in the Genus Pasteuria
Pasteuria penetrans: A Parasite of Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.)
Pasteuria as a Parasite of Cyst Nematodes (Heterodera and Globodera spp.)
Candidatus Pasteuria usgae Parasitic on Sting Nematode (Belonolaimus longicaudatus)
Pasteuria as a Parasite of Other Plant-parasitic and Free-living Nematodes
SECTION IV: PLANT–MICROBIAL SYMBIONT–NEMATODE INTERACTIONS
8 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Endophytic Fungi, Bacterial Endophytes and Plant Growth-promoting Rhizobacteria
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
Bacterial Endophytes and Rhizosphere-inhabiting Bacteria
Root-associated Symbionts: Only One Component of the Rhizosphere Microbiome
SECTION V: NATURAL SUPPRESSION AND INUNDATIVE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
9 Suppression of Nematodes and Other Soilborne Pathogens with Organic Amendments
Organic Matter-mediated Suppressiveness for Managing Soilborne Diseases
Organic Matter-mediated Suppressiveness to Plant-parasitic Nematodes
10 Specific Suppression of Plant-parasitic Nematodes
The Role of Fungi and Oomycetes in the Decline of Heterodera avenae
Parasitism of Meloidogyne spp. on Peach by Brachyphoris oviparasitica
Suppression of Heterodera schachtii by Brachyphoris oviparasitica and Other Fungi
Parasitism of Mesocriconema xenoplax and Heterodera spp. by Hirsutella rhossiliensis
Decline of Heterodera glycines and the Possible Role of Egg-parasitic Fungi
Suppression of Root-knot Nematode by Pochonia chlamydosporia and Other Organisms
Suppression of Heterodera glycines and Sudden Death Syndrome of Soybean
Suppression of Root-knot Nematodes by Pasteuria penetrans
Suppression of Heterodera glycines by Pasteuria nishizawae
Management Options to Enhance Specific Suppressiveness
Making Better Use of Natural Control: The Way Forward
11 Integrated Soil Biology Management: The Pathway to Enhanced Natural Suppression of Plant-parasitic Nematodes
Assessing Soils for Suppressiveness to Plant-parasitic Nematodes
Modifying Farming Systems to Enhance Suppressiveness
Organic Matter Management: The Key to General Suppressiveness
Impact of Management on Specific Suppressiveness
Integrated Nematode Management or Integrated Soil Biology Management?
Integrated Soil Biology Management in Various Farming Systems: The Pathway to Enhanced Suppressiveness
Impediments to the Development and Adoption of Farming Systems that Improve Soil Health and Enhance Suppressiveness
Sustainable Weed Management Systems for Minimum-till Agriculture: A Priority for Research
The Way Forward: A Farming Systems Approach to Managing Nematodes
12 Biological Products for Nematode Management
General Soil Biostasis and the Fate of Introduced Organisms
Monitoring Introduced Biological Control Agents
Commercial Implementation of Biological Control
Inundative Biological Control of Nematodes: An Assessment of Progress with a Diverse Range of Potentially Useful Organisms
Combinations of Biocontrol Agents
The Role of Organic Amendments in Enhancing the Performance of Biological Products for Nematode Control
Inundative Biological Control as a Component of Integrated Nematode Management
SECTION VI: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, PRACTICAL GUIDELINES AND FUTURE RESEARCH
13 Biological Control as a Component of Integrated Nematode Management: The Way Forward
Ecosystem Services Provided by the Soil Biological Community, and the Key Role of Organic Matter
Farming Systems to Improve Soil Health and Sustainability
Will Suppressiveness be Enhanced by Modifying the Farming System?
The Role of Inundative and Inoculative Biological Control
Moving from Theory to Practice: Issues Requiring Attention
14 A Practical Guide to Improving Soil Health and Enhancing Suppressiveness to Nematode Pests
Sustainable Agriculture and its Ecological Basis
A Guide to Improving Soil Health and Minimizing Losses from Soilborne Diseases
Biological Control of Nematodes: One of Many Important Ecosystem Services
Nematode Management within Sustainable Farming Systems
Questions Related to Soil Health, Soil Organic Matter and Nematode Management
Useful Information on Soil Health
Index of Soil Organisms by Genus and Species
Biological Control of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes
：Soil Ecosystem Management in Sustainable Agriculture
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