Chapter
1 History and Biology of the Domestic Duck
Domestication in China and the Far East
Mallard: Progenitor to Domestic Duck
The Natural History of Wild Mallard
Genetic Inheritance from Mallard
Recent History and Performance
Commercial Duck Production
3 Housing and Environment
Eastern Europe and Russia
Ventilation in Cold and Cool Temperate Climates
Ventilation in Mediterranean and Hot Climates
Ventilation in a Continental Climate
Insulation in Cold and Cool Temperate Climates
Insulation in Hot Climates
Ventilation in the Brooding Stage
Post-brooding Environment
Design and Placement of Feeders and Drinkers
4 Husbandry of Table Duckling
Temperature, Feed Intake and Growth
High Temperature and Performance
Low Temperature and Performance
Temperature and Behaviour
Variability of Performance
The History of Improving Quality
Reducing Common Cause Variation and Improving Performance
5 Nutrition and Factors Affecting Body Composition
Factors Affecting Response to Dietary Energy
Protein, Amino Acids and Performance
Energy and Protein Interaction
Optimum Nutrient Concentration
Factors Affecting Response to Nutrient Concentration
Pellets, Mash and Grain Plus Concentrate
Factors Affecting Body Composition
Age, Sex, Maturity and Body Composition
Nutrition and Body Composition
Factors Affecting Response to Energy to Protein Ratio
6 Rearing of Parent Stock
Controlled Growth and Physiological Development
Effect of Controlled Nutrient Intake on Growth
Effect of Age upon Potential for Growth
Effect of Temperature on Growth to Sexual Maturity
Effect of Restricted Growth on Age at Sexual Maturity
Effect of Controlled Growth on Laying Performance
Pattern of Growth and Age at Sexual Maturity
The Importance of Early Feed Restriction
Effects of Age and Live Weight upon Egg Weight
Overview of Restricted Live Weight, Age at Sexual Maturity and Laying Performance
Summary of Effects of Feed Restriction on Growth, Age at Sexual Maturity and Laying Performance
Body Composition and Age at Sexual Maturity
Summary of the Effects of Body Composition on Age at Sexual Maturity
Effect of Natural Daylight upon Age at Sexual Maturity
Step-up Lighting Programmes
Step-down, step-up Lighting
Effect of Alternative Lighting Programmes During Rearing on Male Fertility
Rearing Light Programmes and Post-peak Laying Performance
Summary of Effects of Daylength upon Age at Sexual Maturity
Temperature, Controlled Growth and Age at Sexual Maturity
Effect of Age and Weight at Sexual Maturity upon Egg Production
Effect of Age at Sexual Maturity on Egg Weight
The Effect of Egg Weight on Growth
Factors Affecting Optimum Age at Sexual Maturity
Sexual Maturity of Egg-laying Breeds
Dietary Regime for Birds on Restricted Feed
Husbandry During Controlled Rearing
7 Management of Breeding Ducks
Preparing Accommodation for Parent Stock or Laying Ducks
Transporting and Housing Parent Stock and Laying Ducks
Routine Husbandry of Parent Stock and Laying Ducks
8 Fertility and Hatchability
Shell Structure and Weight Loss
Controlled Growth and Daylength
Objectives for Egg-producing Ducks
Methods of Selection for Egg Production
Objectives for Meat-producing Ducks
Methods of Selection for Meat Production
Domestic Duck Production
：Science and Practice
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