Grapes

Author: Creasy   G.L.; Creasy   L.L.  

Publisher: CABI Publishing‎

Publication year: 2009

E-ISBN: 9781845936235

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9781845934019

Subject: S6 Gardening

Keyword: Horticulture

Language: ENG

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Description

Grapes are one of the world’s most widely planted horticultural crops, used to make a variety of fresh, dried and processed products. The science of grapes and grape production are discussed through an examination of wine grapes as well as grapes for fresh consumption and raisin production. Providing historical and current information about the grape industry, chapters cover genetics, breeding and cultivars, grapevine growth, development and nutrition, climate requirements, pests and diseases and post-harvest production. This informative text thoroughly covers the influence of the environment on grapevine health and productivity, and informs the reader on how grapes are grown and factors affecting grape quality.

Chapter

Historical cultivation

Uses

Fermented grape products

Table grapes

Raisins

Grape juice

Grape-producing countries

2 CULTIVARS, ANATOMY AND IMPROVEMENT

Main cultivars for various uses

Clones

Anatomy and physiology

Roots

Above the soil

Photosynthesis

Flower and berries

Ampelography

Breeding and genetics

Indicators of quality

3 GRAPEVINE GROWTH AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT

Phenology

Vine (vegetative) development

Patterns of root growth

Tendrils

Cane maturation

Leaf-fall and abscission

Dormancy

Flower initiation, fruit development and berry maturation

Where do tendrils and flower clusters come from?

Factors affecting branching

Plant growth regulators

Flower development and anthesis

Fruit set

Berry development and maturation

Environmental/Climatic influences

Trying to quantify climate

The vine as a perennial plant (carbohydrate partitioning)

Balancing vegetative and reproductive growth

4 CLIMATIC REQUIREMENTS

Cold hardiness

Growing vines in tropical areas

Frost tolerance

Heat and light

Water use

Soils

Terroir

Climate change

5 VINEYARD ESTABLISHMENT

Site selection

Climate

Soil

Slope and aspect of land

Other factors

Site planning

Preparing the site

Shelter from wind

Vine planting density

Rootstocks

Rootstock choice

Propagation

Layering

Cuttings

Grafting

Other methods

Planting

Vine establishment

Vine shelters

Young vine care

Second season

6 SEASONAL MANAGEMENT

Pruning and training

Types of pruning

Pruning decisions

Matching pruning to vine capacity

Other considerations when pruning

Training and trellising

Self- or stake-supported

Single wire

Hedge-type

Divided canopies

Other trellising systems

End assemblies

Vineyard floor management

Frost management

Types of frost event

Passive control strategies

Active control strategies

Other methods

Canopy management

Goals and tools for canopy management

Shoot thinning

Shoot positioning

Shoot topping and hedging

Leaf removal

Other methods

Things to avoid

Quantifying change in the canopy

Irrigation

Methods of monitoring soil moisture

Methods of monitoring plant water status

Scheduling water application

Other management practices

Girdling

Fruit thinning

Application of plant growth regulators

Harvest

7 NUTRITION

Nutrient analysis and correction strategies

Testing and nutrient addition

The nutrients

Macronutrients

Micronutrients

8 MECHANIZATION

Weed management

Canopy management

Crop management and harvesting

Pruning

Environmental monitoring

Fully mechanized systems

9 GRAPEVINE PESTS, DISEASES AND DISORDERS

Diseases

Fungal diseases

Bacterial diseases

Viral diseases

Control of grape diseases

Control of fungal diseases

Control of viral diseases

Other disorders

Insect pests

Phylloxera

Leafhoppers

Borer insects

Mealybugs

The grape berry moth

Thrips

Beetles

Mites

Chemical control

Animal pests

Nematodes

Vine-grazing pests

Berry-eating pests

Weeds

Pesticide resistance

Pest and disease control in organic grape production

Pesticide application

Maximizing spraying efficiency

Pesticide application equipment

10 HARVEST AND POSTHARVEST PROCESSING

Table grapes

Quality parameters

Picking

Packing

Cooling at the packing house

Storage

Dried grapes

Cultivars

Harvest

Processing

Juice/preserves

Uses

Processing

Wine

Harvest

Processing

Other wine styles

REFERENCES

INDEX

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

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