Why Cats Land on Their Feet :And 76 Other Physical Paradoxes and Puzzles

Publication subTitle :And 76 Other Physical Paradoxes and Puzzles

Author: Levi Mark  

Publisher: Princeton University Press‎

Publication year: 2012

E-ISBN: 9781400841721

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780691148540

Subject: N0 Theory and Methodology of Natural Science

Keyword: 物理学,数学

Language: ENG

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Description

Ever wonder why cats land on their feet? Or what holds a spinning top upright? Or whether it is possible to feel the Earth's rotation in an airplane? Why Cats Land on Their Feet is a compendium of paradoxes and puzzles that readers can solve using their own physical intuition. And the surprising answers to virtually all of these astonishing paradoxes can be arrived at with no formal knowledge of physics.

Mark Levi introduces each physical problem, sometimes gives a hint or two, and then fully explains the solution. Here readers can test their critical-thinking skills against a whole assortment of puzzles and paradoxes involving floating and diving, sailing and gliding, gymnastics, bike riding, outer space, throwing a ball from a moving car, centrifugal force, gyroscopic motion, and, of course, falling cats.

Want to figure out how to open a wine bottle with a book? Or how to compute the square root of a number using a tennis shoe and a watch? Why Cats Land on Their Feet shows you how, and all that's required is a familiarity with basic high-school mathematics. This lively collection also features an appendix that explains all physical concepts used in the book, from Newton's laws to the fundamental theorem of calculus.

Chapter

3 Paradoxes with Spinning Water

3 Paradoxes with Spinning Water

3.1 A Puzzle with a Floating Cork

3.1 A Puzzle with a Floating Cork

3.2 Parabolic Mirrors and Two Kitchen Puzzles

3.2 Parabolic Mirrors and Two Kitchen Puzzles

3.3 A Cold Parabolic Dish

3.3 A Cold Parabolic Dish

3.4 Boating on a Slope

3.4 Boating on a Slope

3.5 Navigating with No Engine or Sails

3.5 Navigating with No Engine or Sails

3.6 The Icebergs

3.6 The Icebergs

4 Floating and Diving Paradoxes

4 Floating and Diving Paradoxes

4.1 A Bathtub on Wheels

4.1 A Bathtub on Wheels

4.2 The Tub Problem—In More Depth

4.2 The Tub Problem—In More Depth

4.3 How to Lose Weight in a Fraction of a Second

4.3 How to Lose Weight in a Fraction of a Second

4.4 An Underwater Balloon

4.4 An Underwater Balloon

4.5 A Scuba Puzzle

4.5 A Scuba Puzzle

4.6 A Weight Puzzle

4.6 A Weight Puzzle

5 Flows and Jets

5 Flows and Jets

5.1 Bernoulli's Law and Water Guns

5.1 Bernoulli's Law and Water Guns

5.2 Sucking on a Straw and the Irreversibility of Time

5.2 Sucking on a Straw and the Irreversibility of Time

5.3 Bernoulli's Law and Moving Around in a Space Shuttle

5.3 Bernoulli's Law and Moving Around in a Space Shuttle

5.4 A Sprinker Puzzle

5.4 A Sprinker Puzzle

5.5 Ejecting Water Fast but with Zero Speed?

5.5 Ejecting Water Fast but with Zero Speed?

5.6 A Pouring Water Puzzle

5.6 A Pouring Water Puzzle

5.7 A Stirring Paradox

5.7 A Stirring Paradox

5.8 An Inkjet Printer Question

5.8 An Inkjet Printer Question

5.9 A Vorticity Paradox

5.9 A Vorticity Paradox

6 Moving Experiences: Bikes, Gymnastics, Rockets

6 Moving Experiences: Bikes, Gymnastics, Rockets

6.1 How Do Swings Work?

6.1 How Do Swings Work?

6.2 The Rising Energy Cost

6.2 The Rising Energy Cost

6.3 A Gymnast Doing Giants and a Hamster in a Wheel

6.3 A Gymnast Doing Giants and a Hamster in a Wheel

6.4 Controlling a Car on Ice

6.4 Controlling a Car on Ice

6.5 How Does a Biker Turn?

6.5 How Does a Biker Turn?

6.6 Speeding Up by Leaning

6.6 Speeding Up by Leaning

6.7 Can One Gain Speed on a Bike by Body Motion Only?

6.7 Can One Gain Speed on a Bike by Body Motion Only?

6.8 Gaining Weight on a Motorbike

6.8 Gaining Weight on a Motorbike

6.9 Feeling the Square in (mv[sup(2)]/2) Through the Bike Pedals

6.9 Feeling the Square in (mv[sup(2)]/2) Through the Bike Pedals

6.10 A Paradox with Rockets

6.10 A Paradox with Rockets

6.11 A Coffee Rocket

6.11 A Coffee Rocket

6.12 Throwing a Ball from a Moving Car

6.12 Throwing a Ball from a Moving Car

7 Paradoxes with the Coriolis Force

7 Paradoxes with the Coriolis Force

7.1 What Is the Coriolis Force?

7.1 What Is the Coriolis Force?

7.2 Feeling Coriolis in a Boeing 747

7.2 Feeling Coriolis in a Boeing 747

7.3 Down the Drain with Coriolis

7.3 Down the Drain with Coriolis

7.4 High Pressure and Good Weather

7.4 High Pressure and Good Weather

7.5 What Causes Trade Winds?

7.5 What Causes Trade Winds?

8 Centrifugal Paradoxes

8 Centrifugal Paradoxes

8.1 What's Cheaper: Flying West or East?

8.1 What's Cheaper: Flying West or East?

8.2 A Coriolis Paradox

8.2 A Coriolis Paradox

8.3 An Amazing Inverted Pendulum: What Holds It Up?

8.3 An Amazing Inverted Pendulum: What Holds It Up?

8.4 Antigravity Molasses

8.4 Antigravity Molasses

8.5 The "Proof" That the Sling Cannot Work

8.5 The "Proof" That the Sling Cannot Work

8.6 A David–Goliath Problem

8.6 A David–Goliath Problem

8.7 Water in a Pipe

8.7 Water in a Pipe

8.8 Which Tension Is Greater?

8.8 Which Tension Is Greater?

8.9 Slithering Ropes in Weightlessness

8.9 Slithering Ropes in Weightlessness

9 Gyroscopic Paradoxes

9 Gyroscopic Paradoxes

9.1 How Does the Spinning Top Defy Gravity?

9.1 How Does the Spinning Top Defy Gravity?

9.2 Gyroscopes in Bikes

9.2 Gyroscopes in Bikes

9.3 A Rolling Coin

9.3 A Rolling Coin

9.4 Staying on a Slippery Dome

9.4 Staying on a Slippery Dome

9.5 Finding North with a Gyroscope

9.5 Finding North with a Gyroscope

10 Some Hot Stuff and Cool Things

10 Some Hot Stuff and Cool Things

10.1 Can Heat Pass from a Colder to a Hotter Object?

10.1 Can Heat Pass from a Colder to a Hotter Object?

10.2 A Bike Pump and Molecular Ping-Pong

10.2 A Bike Pump and Molecular Ping-Pong

10.3 A Bike Pump as a Heat Pump

10.3 A Bike Pump as a Heat Pump

10.4 Heating a Room in Winter

10.4 Heating a Room in Winter

10.5 Freezing Things with a Bike Tire

10.5 Freezing Things with a Bike Tire

11 Two Perpetual Motion Machines

11 Two Perpetual Motion Machines

11.1 Perpetual Motion by Capillarity

11.1 Perpetual Motion by Capillarity

11.2 An Elliptical Mirror Perpetuum Mobile

11.2 An Elliptical Mirror Perpetuum Mobile

12 Sailing and Gliding

12 Sailing and Gliding

12.1 Shooting Cherry Pits and Sailing

12.1 Shooting Cherry Pits and Sailing

12.2 Sailing Straight into the Wind

12.2 Sailing Straight into the Wind

12.3 Biking against the Wind

12.3 Biking against the Wind

12.4 Soaring without Updrafts

12.4 Soaring without Updrafts

12.5 Danger of the Horizontal Shear Wind

12.5 Danger of the Horizontal Shear Wind

13 The Flipping Cat and the Spinning Earth

13 The Flipping Cat and the Spinning Earth

13.1 How Do Cats Flip to Land on Their Feet?

13.1 How Do Cats Flip to Land on Their Feet?

13.2 Can Trade Winds Slow Earth's Rotation?

13.2 Can Trade Winds Slow Earth's Rotation?

14 Miscellaneous

14 Miscellaneous

14.1 How to Open a Wine Bottle with a Book

14.1 How to Open a Wine Bottle with a Book

14.2 "It's Alive!"

14.2 "It's Alive!"

14.3 Falling Faster Than g: A Falling Chain "Sucked in" by the Floor

14.3 Falling Faster Than g: A Falling Chain "Sucked in" by the Floor

14.4 A Man in a Boat with Drag

14.4 A Man in a Boat with Drag

14.5 A "Phantom" Boat: No Wake and No Drag

14.5 A "Phantom" Boat: No Wake and No Drag

14.6 A Constant-G Roller Coaster

14.6 A Constant-G Roller Coaster

14.7 Shooting at a Cart

14.7 Shooting at a Cart

14.8 Computing √2 with a Shoe

14.8 Computing √2 with a Shoe

Appendix

Appendix

A.1 Newton's Laws

A.1 Newton's Laws

A.2 Kinetic Energy, Potential Energy, Work

A.2 Kinetic Energy, Potential Energy, Work

A.2.1 Work

A.2.1 Work

A.2.2 Kinetic Energy

A.2.2 Kinetic Energy

A.2.3 Potential Energy

A.2.3 Potential Energy

A.2.4 Conservation of Energy

A.2.4 Conservation of Energy

A.3 Center of Mass

A.3 Center of Mass

A.4 Linear Momentum

A.4 Linear Momentum

A.5 The Torque

A.5 The Torque

A.6 Angular Momentum

A.6 Angular Momentum

A.7 Angular Velocity, Centripetal Acceleration

A.7 Angular Velocity, Centripetal Acceleration

A.8 Centrifugal and Centripetal Forces

A.8 Centrifugal and Centripetal Forces

A.9 Coriolis, Centrifugal, and Complex Exponentials

A.9 Coriolis, Centrifugal, and Complex Exponentials

A.10 The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

A.10 The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

Bibliography

Bibliography

Index

Index

A

A

B

B

C

C

D

D

F

F

G

G

H

H

I

I

K

K

L

L

M

M

P

P

R

R

S

S

T

T

V

V

W

W

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