The Cosmic Cocktail :Three Parts Dark Matter ( Science Essentials )

Publication subTitle :Three Parts Dark Matter

Publication series :Science Essentials

Author: Freese Katherine;;;  

Publisher: Princeton University Press‎

Publication year: 2014

E-ISBN: 9781400850075

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780691153353

Subject: P145.9 Other

Keyword: 天文学

Language: ENG

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Description

The ordinary atoms that make up the known universe—from our bodies and the air we breathe to the planets and stars—constitute only 5 percent of all matter and energy in the cosmos. The rest is known as dark matter and dark energy, because their precise identities are unknown. The Cosmic Cocktail is the inside story of the epic quest to solve one of the most compelling enigmas of modern science—what is the universe made of?—told by one of today’s foremost pioneers in the study of dark matter.

Blending cutting-edge science with her own behind-the-scenes insights as a leading researcher in the field, acclaimed theoretical physicist Katherine Freese recounts the hunt for dark matter, from the discoveries of visionary scientists like Fritz Zwicky—the Swiss astronomer who coined the term “dark matter” in 1933—to the deluge of data today from underground laboratories, satellites in space, and the Large Hadron Collider. Theorists contend that dark matter consists of fundamental particles known as WIMPs, or weakly interacting massive particles. Billions of them pass through our bodies every second without us even realizing it, yet their gravitational pull is capable of whirling stars and gas at breakneck speeds around the centers of galaxies, and bending light from distant bright objects. Freese describes the larger-than-life characters and clashing personalities behind the race to identify these elusive particles.

Chapter

Formation of Galaxies and Clusters

Dark Matter Dominates

THREE The Big Picture of the Universe: Einstein and the Big Bang

Geometry of the Universe

Cosmic Microwave Background

Outer Space and the Queen of Sweden

Pie Picture of the Universe

FOUR Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Proves That Atomic Matter Constitutes Only 5% of the Universe

A Story about Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

Particles in the Early Universe A Primordial Soup

Origins of the Elements

Atoms Make Up Only 5% of the Universe

FIVE What Is Dark Matter?

Rocks or Dust

Matter and Antimatter

Neutrinos

MACHOs

Black Holes

The Particle Zoo

The WIMP Miracle

WIMPs in the Human Body and a Tennis Match

SIX The Discovery of the Higgs Boson

Atom Smashers: The Large Hadron Collider

CERN

Discovery of the Higgs

SEVEN The Experimental Hunt for Dark Matter Particles

The Three Prongs of the Hunt for Dark Matter

Dark Matter at the Atom Smasher at CERN: Missing Energy plus Jets

What Has CERN Done for Society?

Will the LHC Bring Doomsday?

Direct Detection: Abandoned Mines, Alpine Tunnels, and Nightclubs in Jerusalem

Indirect Detection: Annihilations in Space and at the South Pole

EIGHT Claims of Detection: Are They Real?

Direct Detection in Underground Laboratories

Indirect Detection of WIMP Annihilation: Positrons, Neutrinos, and Gamma Rays

The Future of Dark Matter Experiments

NINE Dark Energy and the Fate of the Universe

Rounding Out the Universe: Type IA Supernovae and Dark Energy

The Future of the Universe

Epicycles

Epilogue

Afterword: Dark Stars

Acknowledgments

Notes

Suggestions for Further Reading

Index

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