Fighting for the Speakership :The House and the Rise of Party Government ( Princeton Studies in American Politics: Historical, International, and Comparative Perspectives )

Publication subTitle :The House and the Rise of Party Government

Publication series :Princeton Studies in American Politics: Historical, International, and Comparative Perspectives

Author: Jenkins Jeffery A.;Stewart Charles;;  

Publisher: Princeton University Press‎

Publication year: 2012

E-ISBN: 9781400845460

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780691118123

Subject: D0 Political Theory;D05 party theories;D09 in the history of politics, political history;K7 Americas History

Keyword: 政治理论,美洲史

Language: ENG

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Description

The Speaker of the House of Representatives is the most powerful partisan figure in the contemporary U.S. Congress. How this came to be, and how the majority party in the House has made control of the speakership a routine matter, is far from straightforward. Fighting for the Speakership provides a comprehensive history of how Speakers have been elected in the U.S. House since 1789, arguing that the organizational politics of these elections were critical to the construction of mass political parties in America and laid the groundwork for the role they play in setting the agenda of Congress today.

Jeffery Jenkins and Charles Stewart show how the speakership began as a relatively weak office, and how votes for Speaker prior to the Civil War often favored regional interests over party loyalty. While struggle, contention, and deadlock over House organization were common in the antebellum era, such instability vanished with the outbreak of war, as the majority party became an "organizational cartel" capable of controlling with certainty the selection of the Speaker and other key House officers. This organizational cartel has survived Gilded Age partisan strife, Progressive Era challenge, and conservative coalition politics to guide speakership elections through the present day. Fighting for the Speakership reveals how struggles over House organization prior to the Civil War were among the most consequential turning points in American political history.

Chapter

CHAPTER 4: Bringing the Selection of House Officers into the Open

CHAPTER 4: Bringing the Selection of House Officers into the Open

CHAPTER 5: Shoring Up Partisan Control: The Speakership Elections of 1839 and 1847

CHAPTER 5: Shoring Up Partisan Control: The Speakership Elections of 1839 and 1847

CHAPTER 6: Partisan Tumult on the Floor: The Speakership Elections of 1849 and 1855–1856

CHAPTER 6: Partisan Tumult on the Floor: The Speakership Elections of 1849 and 1855–1856

CHAPTER 7: The Speakership and the Rise of the Republican Party

CHAPTER 7: The Speakership and the Rise of the Republican Party

CHAPTER 8: Caucus Governance and the Emergence of the Organizational Cartel, 1861–1891

CHAPTER 8: Caucus Governance and the Emergence of the Organizational Cartel, 1861–1891

CHAPTER 9: The Organizational Cartel Persists, 1891–2011

CHAPTER 9: The Organizational Cartel Persists, 1891–2011

CHAPTER 10: Conclusion

CHAPTER 10: Conclusion

APPENDIXES: House Officer Elections and Caucus Nominations

APPENDIXES: House Officer Elections and Caucus Nominations

Appendix 1: Summary of House Organization, First–112th Congresses (1789–2011)

Appendix 1: Summary of House Organization, First–112th Congresses (1789–2011)

Appendix 2: Election of House Speaker, First–112th Congresses

Appendix 2: Election of House Speaker, First–112th Congresses

Appendix 3: Election of House Clerk, First–112th Congresses

Appendix 3: Election of House Clerk, First–112th Congresses

Appendix 4: Election of House Printer, 15th–36th Congresses

Appendix 4: Election of House Printer, 15th–36th Congresses

Appendix 5: Summary of Democratic and Republican Caucus Nominations for Speaker, 38th–112th Congresses

Appendix 5: Summary of Democratic and Republican Caucus Nominations for Speaker, 38th–112th Congresses

Appendix 6: Democratic and Republican Caucus Nominations for Speaker, 38th–112th Congresses

Appendix 6: Democratic and Republican Caucus Nominations for Speaker, 38th–112th Congresses

References

References

Index

Index

3.1. Percentage of votes received by winning speakership candidate plotted against percentage of seats held by majority party, 1789–1859

3.1. Percentage of votes received by winning speakership candidate plotted against percentage of seats held by majority party, 1789–1859

4.1. Predicted probability of voting in a pro–viva voce direction on all viva voce–related roll call votes, 23rd–27th Congress, Whigs only (Anti-Masons and Anti-Jacksonians in 23rd Congress)

4.1. Predicted probability of voting in a pro–viva voce direction on all viva voce–related roll call votes, 23rd–27th Congress, Whigs only (Anti-Masons and Anti-Jacksonians in 23rd Congress)

5.1. Spatial location, using W-NOMINATE scores, of major party speakership candidates, initial ballots of the 26th Congress (1839)

5.1. Spatial location, using W-NOMINATE scores, of major party speakership candidates, initial ballots of the 26th Congress (1839)

5.2. Spatial location, using W-NOMINATE scores, of major party speakership candidates, end of balloting on the first day, 26th Congress (1839)

5.2. Spatial location, using W-NOMINATE scores, of major party speakership candidates, end of balloting on the first day, 26th Congress (1839)

5.3. Winning and losing roll call voters under majority rule

5.3. Winning and losing roll call voters under majority rule

5.4. Winning and losing roll call voters under a legislative cartel that controls the agenda

5.4. Winning and losing roll call voters under a legislative cartel that controls the agenda

5.5. Frequency of being on the prevailing side of a roll call as a function of ideological location and decision-making agenda

5.5. Frequency of being on the prevailing side of a roll call as a function of ideological location and decision-making agenda

5.6. Winning percentage as a function of W-NOMINATE score, 26th–30th Congresses

5.6. Winning percentage as a function of W-NOMINATE score, 26th–30th Congresses

6.1. Summary of speakership balloting, 31st Congress

6.1. Summary of speakership balloting, 31st Congress

6.2. Correlation between support for slavery and speakership vote, 31st Congress

6.2. Correlation between support for slavery and speakership vote, 31st Congress

6.3. Summary of speakership balloting, 34th Congress

6.3. Summary of speakership balloting, 34th Congress

6.4. One-dimensional spatial distribution of House members and speakership candidates, 34th Congress

6.4. One-dimensional spatial distribution of House members and speakership candidates, 34th Congress

7.1. Kernel density plot of Banks Coalition and Republican Party

7.1. Kernel density plot of Banks Coalition and Republican Party

7.2. Distribution of House members and select speakership candidates, 36th Congress

7.2. Distribution of House members and select speakership candidates, 36th Congress

7.3. Winning percentage as a function of W-NOMINATE scores, 31st–36th Congresses

7.3. Winning percentage as a function of W-NOMINATE scores, 31st–36th Congresses

9.1. Percentage of time supporters of the winning Speaker candidate were on the winning side of roll call votes compared to nonsupporters, 26th–111th Congress (1839–2010)

9.1. Percentage of time supporters of the winning Speaker candidate were on the winning side of roll call votes compared to nonsupporters, 26th–111th Congress (1839–2010)

10.1. Win-rate differential in the House and Senate, 26th–111th Congress (1839–2010)

10.1. Win-rate differential in the House and Senate, 26th–111th Congress (1839–2010)

4.1. Voting to consider the Reynolds resolution under suspension of the rules and to table Reynolds resolution, 23rd Congress

4.1. Voting to consider the Reynolds resolution under suspension of the rules and to table Reynolds resolution, 23rd Congress

4.2. Voting on the Reynolds resolution among Jacksonians, 23rd Congress

4.2. Voting on the Reynolds resolution among Jacksonians, 23rd Congress

4.3. Analysis of voting on viva voce voting legislation, 25th Congress

4.3. Analysis of voting on viva voce voting legislation, 25th Congress

4.4. Voting on the Craig amendment, 26th Congress

4.4. Voting on the Craig amendment, 26th Congress

4.5. Voting on the Williams amendment, 27th Congress

4.5. Voting on the Williams amendment, 27th Congress

4.6. Spatial location of Speakers on regional dimension, 19th–34th Congresses

4.6. Spatial location of Speakers on regional dimension, 19th–34th Congresses

4.7. Support for major party speakership candidates by region, 26th–34th Congresses

4.7. Support for major party speakership candidates by region, 26th–34th Congresses

5.1. Votes for Speaker, first and sixth ballots, 26th Congress, by party

5.1. Votes for Speaker, first and sixth ballots, 26th Congress, by party

5.2. House committee assignments, 26th Congress

5.2. House committee assignments, 26th Congress

5.3. House committee assignments, 30th Congress

5.3. House committee assignments, 30th Congress

5.4. Ideological orientation of important House committees, 30th Congress

5.4. Ideological orientation of important House committees, 30th Congress

6.1. First ballot for Speaker, 31st Congress (1849)

6.1. First ballot for Speaker, 31st Congress (1849)

6.2. Regional support for plurality election of Speaker, 31st Congress

6.2. Regional support for plurality election of Speaker, 31st Congress

6.3. Vote on conducting ballot for Speaker under plurality rule, 1849

6.3. Vote on conducting ballot for Speaker under plurality rule, 1849

6.4. House committee assignments, 31st Congress

6.4. House committee assignments, 31st Congress

6.5. Comparison of Winthrop’s committee appointments (30th Congress) with Cobb’s (31st Congress)

6.5. Comparison of Winthrop’s committee appointments (30th Congress) with Cobb’s (31st Congress)

7.1. House committee chairmen, 34th Congress

7.1. House committee chairmen, 34th Congress

7.2. Composition of House standing committees, 34th Congress

7.2. Composition of House standing committees, 34th Congress

7.3. Summary statistics for Banks Coalition and Republican Party

7.3. Summary statistics for Banks Coalition and Republican Party

7.4. Voting during the 39th speakership ballot, 36th Congress

7.4. Voting during the 39th speakership ballot, 36th Congress

7.5. Examining the swing voters in the speakership contest, 36th Congress

7.5. Examining the swing voters in the speakership contest, 36th Congress

7.6. House committee chairmen, 36th Congress

7.6. House committee chairmen, 36th Congress

7.7. Composition of House standing committees, 36th Congress

7.7. Composition of House standing committees, 36th Congress

8.1. Caucus support for Democratic Speaker candidates, 48th Congress

8.1. Caucus support for Democratic Speaker candidates, 48th Congress

8.2. First-ballot caucus support for Republican Speaker candidates, 51st Congress

8.2. First-ballot caucus support for Republican Speaker candidates, 51st Congress

9.1. Democratic caucus support for Charles Crisp, 52nd Congress

9.1. Democratic caucus support for Charles Crisp, 52nd Congress

9.2. Progressive House Republicans and committee assignments, 68th and 69th Congresses

9.2. Progressive House Republicans and committee assignments, 68th and 69th Congresses

9.3. Democratic balancing in caucus, 72nd–103rd Congresses

9.3. Democratic balancing in caucus, 72nd–103rd Congresses

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