Front Cover

Gravitational Physiology

Copyright Page

Table of Contents

Foreword

Preface

PART 1: GENERAL PROBLEMS ADAPTATION TO CHANGED GRAVITY

CHAPTER 1. REMARKS ON PRESENT STATUS OF GRAVITATIONAL PHYSIOLOGY

CHAPTER 2. PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF ADAPTATION OF MAMMALS TO WEIGHTLESSNESS. RESULTS OF ANIMAL EXPERIMENTS ABOARD EARTH BIOLOGICAL SATELLITES

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 3. ANIMAL RESISTANCE AND REACTIVITY DURING READAPTATION AFTER AN EXPOSURE TO WEIGHTLESSNESS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 4. ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY AS A COUNTERMEASURE AGAINST ADVERSE EFFECTS OF WEIGHTLESSNESS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 5. STUDIES OF BIORHYTHMS IN BIOSATELLITE EXPERIMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 6. RHYTHMS OF ELECTROLYTE AND HYDROXYPROLINE EXCRETION IN URINE OF RATS AFTER THREE WEEKS OF WEIGHTLESSNESS (BIOSATELLITE COSMOS-1129)

INTRODUCTION

MATERIAL AND METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 7. ULTRASTRUCTURAL QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF CYTOPLASMATIC STRUCTURES OF HEART MUSCLE IN RATS FLOWN ABOARD BIOSPUTNIK COSMOS-936

Introduction

Material and methods

Results and discussion

REFERENCES

PART 2: PHYSIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS:METABOLIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES

CHAPTER 8. EFFECT OF THE MISSION COSMOS-1129 ON BODY COMPOSITION IN THE RAT

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 9. STRESS METABOLIC ASPECTS IN SPACE FLIGHT

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 10. WEIGHTLESSNESS-INDUCED MORPHOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND STRESS-REACTIONS OF RATS FLOWN ABOARD BIOSATELLITES COSMOS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 11. STUDIES OF SPECIFIC HEPATIC ENZYMES INVOLVED IN THE CONVERSION OF CARBOHYDRATES TO LIPIDS IN RATS EXPOSED TO PROLONGED SPACEFLIGHT ABOARD COSMOS-1129

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 12. NEUROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RATS AFTER PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO WEIGHTLESSNESS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 13. EFFECT OF SPACEFLIGHT ON HUMAN LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

EXPERIMENTS PERFORMED ON SPACE MISSIONS

IN VITRO EFFECTS OF HIGH-G AND SIMULATED LOW-G

HYPOTHESES AND SPECULATIONS

EXPERIMENTS ON SPACELAB

CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

REFERENCES

PART 3: FUNCTION AND STRUCTURE OF THE GRAVITY-DEPENDENT SYSTEMS:VESTIBULAR SYSTEM, BONE AND MUSCLE

CHAPTER 14. STUDY OF CONTRACTILE PROPERTIES AND COMPOSITION OF MYOFIBRILLAR PROTEINS OF SKELETAL MUSCLES IN THE COSMOS-1129 EXPERIMENT

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 15. GRAVITY-DEPENDENT VARIABILITY OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF MAMMALIAN SKELETAL MUSCLES

Materials and methods

Results and discussion

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 16. MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF RAT MUSCLE FIBERS FOLLOWING SPACE FLIGHT

INTRODUCTION

MATERIAL AND METHOD

A. HISTOCHEMICAL PROCESSING

B. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 17. BONE RESORPTION AND CALCIUM ABSORPTION IN RATS DURING SPACEFLIGHT

INTRODUCTION

METHODS AND PROCEDURES

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 18. STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF RAT SPINAL COLUMNS COSMOS 1129

INTRODUCTION

MATERIALS/METHODS

RESULTS/DISCUSSION

CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

CHAPTER 19. BONE GROWTH IN THE RAT MANDIBLE DURING SPACEFLIGHT

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS

COMMENT

REFERENCES

PART 4: HYPOKINESIA AND IMMOBILIZATION

CHAPTER 20. A NEW RAT MODEL FOR STUDIES OF HYPOKINESIA AND ANTIORTHOSTASIS

APPROACHES TO HYPOKINESIA AND ANTIORTHOSTASIS

THE HYPOKINETIC AND ANTIORTHOSTATIC RAT

RESULTS

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 21. INFLUENCE OF HYPOKINESIS ON FUNCTIONALLY DIFFERENT SKELETAL MUSCLES OF RATS

Results

Summary and Conclusion

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 22. STRUCTURAL AND Na+-K+ DEPENDENT ATP-ase MODIFICATIONS OF SKELETAL MUSCLE AND MYOCARDIUM OF HYPOKINETIC RATS

MATERIAL AND METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 23. CHANGES IN THE ATP-ase ACTIVITY AND PROTEIN COMPOSITION OF SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM INDUCED BY IMMOBILIZATION OF RABBIT SKELETAL MUSCLES

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 24. PLASTICITY OF FAST AND SLOW MUSCLE MYOFIBRILLAR PROTEINS IN MODEL EXPERIMENTS SIMULATING WEIGHTLESSNESS

Introduction

Methods

Results

REFERENCE

CHAPTER 25. PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES IN DIFFERENT KINDS OF SKELETAL MUSCLES

Introduction

Methods and Results

References

CHAPTER 26. EFFECT OF IMMOBILIZATION ON THE EXCITATORY AND MECHANICAL PARAMETERS OF SKELETAL MUSCLES WITH DIFFERENT TYPES

INTRODUCTION

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 27. EFFECT OF IMMOBILIZATION ON THE NONHISTONE PROTEIN COMPOSITION IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF SKELETAL MUSCLES

INTRODUCTION

METHODS

RESULTS and DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 28. THE CHANGES IN AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC METABOLISM OF SKELETAL MUSCLES INDUCED BY IMMOBILIZATION

INTRODUCTION

METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 29. STUDIES ON THE BRAIN CAPILLARIES OF PREGNANT RATS AFTER EXPERIMENTAL HYPOXIC EXERCISES

References

CHAPTER 30. RELATIONS BETWEEN RESPIRATORY AND CIRCULATORY CONTROL DURINGGRAVITATIONAL LOAD IN MAN

PART 5: VARIA-I

CHAPTER 31. GRAVITATIONAL ADAPTATION OF ANIMALS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 32. SCALING OF METABOLIC RATE ON BODY MASS IN SMALL LABORATORY MAMMALS

INTRODUCTION

PROCEDURES

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 33. SOME BIOCHEMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN RAT BRAIN DURING +Gz ACCELERATION

INTRODUCTION

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

REFERENCE

CHAPTER 34. ALTERATIONS IN HEAT LOSS AND HEAT PRODUCTION MECHANISMS IN RATS EXPOSED TO HYPERGRAVIC FIELDS

INTRODUCTION

COMBINED STRESSORS

INTERLOCKING CONTROL SYSTEMS AND PASSIVE HEAT LOSS

HEAT PRODUCTION

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

CHAPTER 35. EFFECT OF SPACE FLIGHT IN BIOSATELLITES "COSMOS" ON SYMPATHETIC-ADRENOMEDULLARY ACTIVITY OF RATS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 36. CHRONIC CENTRAL VASCULAR EXPANSION INDUCES HYPOKALEMIA IN CONSCIOUS PRIMATES

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 37. AUTONOMIC REACTIONS IN LABYRINTHECTOMIZED RABBITS DURING ANGULAR ACCELERATION

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 38. LABYRINTH-PLUGGING AS A MODEL OF SUSPENDED VESTIBULAR SENSORY INPUT

CHAPTER 39. IN VITRO STUDIES OF 45Ca UPTAKE AND EXCHANGE BY OTOCONIA

MATERIAL AND METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

LITERATURE CITED

CHAPTER 40. THE EFFECT OF SPACE FLIGHT UPON PLASMA AND TISSUE LIPIDS IN RATS: THE COSMOS BIOSATELLITE PROGRAM

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 41. CHANGES OF DEOXYRIBONUCLEOPROTEIN AND NUCLEIC ACIDS IN SPLEEN AND THYMUS OF RATS FLOWN ONBOARD THE COSMOS BIOSATELLITES

MATERIAL AND METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

PART 6: VARIA-II

CHAPTER 42. INITIATION OF NUTATION IN SUNFLOWER HYPOCOTYLS

INTRODUCTION

EXPERIMENTAL

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 43. CHANGES OF PERIODIC PROTOPLASMIC MOVEMENTS ON THE FAST CLINOSTAT

Introduction

Materials and methods

Results

Discussion

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 44. THERMAL COMFORT OF MAN IN WEIGHTLESSNESS

INTRODUCTION

MATERIAL AND METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 45. AORTIC AND TIBIAL BLOODFLOW RESPONSE TO LOWER BODY NEGATIVE PRESSURE(LBNP)

METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 46. THE APPLICATION OF BLOOD FLOW VELOCITY MEASUREMENT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF+ Gz ACCELERATION

Method

Resultes

Conclusions

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 47. VIBRATION AND DECOMPRESSION GAS BUBBLES

INTRODUCTION

METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 48. THE EFFECT OF VIBRATION ON THE GASTRIC MOTILITY IN RAT

INTRODUCTION

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 49. RELATIONS BETWEEN PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF GRAVITATIONAL FORCES AND THOSE OF MAGNETIC FORCES

INTRODUCTION

EXPERIMENTAL METHODS AND RESULTS

I . WOUNDS HEALING TEST

I I . SWIMMING CAPACITY TEST

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 50. ORTHOSTATIC TOLERANCE AND EXERCISE RESPONSE BEFORE AND AFTER 7 DAYS SIMULATED WEIGHTLESSNESS

Material and methods

Results

Conclusion

Bibliography

CHAPTER 51. CHANGES IN HEMODYNAMICS, BLOOD OXYGEN SATURATION LEVEL AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN RESPONSE TO POSTURAL LOADING

Materials and methods

Results and discussion

Conclusions

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 52. POSTURAL RESPONSE IN RELATION TO THE STANDING ON INCLINED SURFACES

INTRODUCTION

METHOD and MATERIAL

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 53. THE EFFECT OF ACETAZOLAMIDE ON BRAIN O2 METABOLISM

INDEX