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Quantum Information Processing with Diamond : Principles and Applications

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Contents

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Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials

Foreword

Part I: Principles and fabrication techniques

1: Principles of quantum information processing (QIP) using diamond

1.1 Introduction

1.2 The role of diamond impurities in quantum information processing (QIP)

1.3 Types of diamond color center

1.4 Key properties of nitrogen–vacancy (NV) centers

1.5 Techniques for creating NV centers

1.6 QIP with NV centers: diamond photonic networks

1.7 Conclusion

1.8 References

2: Principles of quantum cryptography/quantum key distribution (QKD) using attenuated light pulses

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Principles of quantum key distribution (QKD): the BB84 protocol

2.3 Protocol extensions and alterations

2.4 Implementing QKD

2.5 Fiber-based QKD

2.6 Free-space QKD

2.7 Future trends

2.8 Conclusion

2.9 References

3: Ion implantation in diamond for quantum information processing (QIP): doping and damaging

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Doping diamond

3.3 Doping diamond by ion implantation

3.4 Controlled formation of implant–defect centers

3.5 Applications of graphitization of diamond by highly damaging implantations

3.6 Computer simulations of damage in diamond

3.7 Conclusion

3.8 Acknowledgments

3.9 References

4: Characterisation of single defects in diamond in the development of quantum devices

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Experimental methods for fluorescence microscopy of single colour centres in diamond

4.3 Optical spectroscopy of single defects

4.4 Photon statistics

4.5 Spin resonance

4.6 Conclusions and future trends

4.7 References

5: Nanofabrication of photonic devices from singlecrystal diamond for quantum information processing (QIP)

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Fabrication approaches for single-crystal diamond nanostructures

5.3 Single-photon sources in nanostructured diamond: diamond nanowires and diamond– silver hybrid resonators

5.4 Single-photon sources in nanostructured diamond: integrated ring resonators and photonic-crystal cavities

5.5 Conclusions and future trends

5.6 Acknowledgments

5.7 References

Part II: Experimental demonstrations and emerging applications of quantum information processing (QIP) using diamond

6: Diamondbased single-photon sources and their application in quantum key distribution

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Characterization and key parameters of a single-photon source

6.3 Suitability of colour centres in diamond as single-photon sources

6.4 Colour centres in diamond as single-photon sources: types of colour centres investigated as single emitters

6.5 Colour centres in diamond as single-photon sources: specific properties

6.6 Quantum key distribution with nitrogen–vacancy (NV) and silicon–vacancy (SiV) centres

6.7 Future trends

6.8 References

7: Using defect centres in diamonds to build photonic and quantum optical devices

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Architectures for singlephoton collection and single-photon interaction

7.3 Properties of defect centres in nanodiamonds

7.4 A method for the controlled assembly of fundamental photonic elements using a scanning probe technique

7.5 Fundamental photonic and plasmonic elements assembled from nanodiamonds by a scanning probe technique

7.6 Photonic elements made from nanodiamonds in laser-written structures

7.7 Applications of engineered single-photon sources based on nanodiamonds

7.8 Future trends

7.9 Acknowledgements

7.10 References

8: Spin–photon entanglement in diamond for quantum optical networks

8.1 Introduction

8.2 How measurements of single photons result in entanglement

8.3 Optical properties of the nitrogen–vacancy (NV) center for spin–photon entanglement generation

8.4 Generation of spin–photon entanglement

8.5 Hong–Ou–Mandel interference between identical photons from NV centers

8.6 Single-shot projective readout of NV centers

8.7 Future trends

8.8 Sources of further information and advice

8.9 Acknowledgments

8.10 References

9: Quantum microscopy using nanodiamonds

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Properties of nanodiamonds for bioimaging

9.3 Conventional microscopy with nanodiamonds

9.4 Quantum microscopy with nanodiamonds I: magnetometry

9.5 Quantum microscopy with nanodiamonds II: rotational tracking, electrometry and thermometry

9.6 Future trends

9.7 Sources of further information and advice

9.8 References

10: Diamond magnetic sensors

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Magnetometry with nitrogen–vacancy (NV) centers

10.3 Scanning NV magnetometry

10.4 Conclusion and future trends

10.5 References

11: Hybridization of quantum systems: coupling nitrogen–vacancy (NV) centers in diamond to superconducting circuits

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Spin ensembles

11.3 Superconducting circuits

11.4 Collective coupling in the hybrid system

11.5 Towards quantum memory operations

11.6 Conclusions and future trends

11.7 References

12: Neural circuits and in vivo monitoring using diamond

12.1 Introduction

12.2 The diamond–cell interface

12.3 Diamond biosensors

12.4 Neural networks using diamond

12.5 Neural stimulation and recording using diamond

12.6 Future trends

12.7 References

Part III: The future

13: Promising directions in diamond technologies for quantum information processing (QIP) and sensing

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Nanodiamonds for high-resolution sensors

13.3 Exploiting fundamental properties: optomechanics and other areas of advanced research

13.4 Challenges in diamond materials science

13.5 Conclusion

13.6 References

Index