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Adaptive Systems in Control and Signal Processing 1983

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IFAC WORKSHOP ON ADAPTIVE SYSTEMSIN CONTROL AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 1983

FOREWORD

PART 1: PLENARY SESSION 1

CHAPTER 1. ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF A CLASS OF LINEAR TIME VARYING SYSTEMS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. A NEW PERSISTENCY OF EXCITATION CONDITION

3. CONVERGENCE OF A POLE ASSIGNMENT ALGORITHM IN THE TIME INVARIANT CASE

4. JUMP PARAMETERS

5. DRIFT PARAMETERS

6. SIMULATION STUDIES

7. CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 2. ADAPTIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR ADAPTIVE CONTROL

INTRODUCTION

ADAPTIVE FILTERING

PLANT MODELING

PLANT INVERSE MODELING

INVERSE MODELING OFNONMINIMUM PHASE PLANTS

ADAPTIVE INVERSE CONTROL SCHEME

MODEL REFERENCE ADAPTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM

OFF-LINE MODEL REFERENCE INVERSE CONTROL

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 3. ROBUSTNESS ISSUES IN ADAPTIVE CONTROL

1. INTRODUCTION

2. GENERAL FRAMEWORK

3. ADAPTIVE ERROR MODEL

4. CONDITIONS FOR GLOBAL STABILITY

5. CONDITIONS FOR LOCAL STABILITY

6. CONCLUDING REMARKS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 4. ROBUST REDESIGN OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL IN THE PRESENCE OF DISTURBANCES AND UNMODELED DYNAMICS

Abstract

Introduction

I. A Scalar Adaptive Control Problem

II. Adaptive Control with Unmodeled Dynamics and Disturbances

Acknowledgement

References

CHAPTER 5. MODEL REFERENCE ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF MECHANICAL MANIPULATORS

INTRODUCTION

MANIPULATOR MODEL

APPLICATION OF CONTINUOUS TIME MRAC

APPLICATION OF DISCRETE TIME MRAC

CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

REFERENCES

PART 2: ROBUSTNESS OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL ALGORITHMS

CHAPTER 6. DISTURBANCE CANCELLATION AND DRIFT OF ADAPTIVE GAINS

1. Introduction

2. Drift of Controller Gains

3. Simulation

References

CHAPTER 7. ON THE MODEL-PROCESS MISMATCH TOLERANCE OF VARIOUS PARAMETER ADAPTATION ALGORITHMS IN DIRECT CONTROL SCHEMES: A SECTORICITY APPROACH

INTRODUCTION

PARAMETER ADAPTATION ALGORITHMS: SECTOR PROPERTIE

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCE

CHAPTER 8. A FREQUENCY DOMAIN ANALYSIS OF DIRECT ADAPTIVE POLE PLACEMENT ALGORITHMS IN THE PRESENCE OF UNMODELLED DYNAMICS

I. INTRODUCTION

II. PROBLEM FORMULATION AND BACKGROUND

III. FIXED CONTROL AND UNMODELLED DYNAMICS

VI. IDENTIFICATION MODELS AND UNMODELLED DYNAMICS

V. PARAMETER ESTIMATION AND UNMODELLED DYNAMICS

VI. CONCLUDING REMARKS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 9. ANALYSIS OF ROBUSTNESS OF THE INEXACT MODEL MATCHING STRUCTURE TO REDUCED ORDER MODELLING

I. INTRODUCTION

II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM

III. MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEM

IV. PROOF OF STABILITY

V. CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 10. ROBUSTNESS OF INDIRECT ADAPTIVE CONTROL BASED ON POLE PLACEMENT DESIGN

INTRODUCTION

ROBUSTNESS PROBLEM STATEMENT

ADAPTIVE CONTROL

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 11. AN ON-LINE METHOD FOR IMPROVEMENT OF THE ADAPTATION TRANSIENTS IN ADAPTIVE CONTROL

INTRODUCTION

DERIVATION OF THE ES

OPTIMIZATION OF THE ES AND CORRECTING ACTION THE c(.)-AP

CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

PART 3: POSTER SESSION

CHAPTER 12. DESIGN OF MODEL-REFERENCE ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS — A COMPARISON OF THE STABILITY AND THE SENSITIVITY APPROACH

ABSTRACT

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THE SENSITIVITY APPROACH

3. THE STABILITY APPROACH

4. SIMULATIONS

5. CONCLUSIONS

6. REFERENCES

CHAPTER 13. ADAPTIVE MODEL REFERENCE PARAMETER TRACKING TECHNIQUE FOR AIRCRAFT

INTRODUCTION

PROPOSED ADAPTATION TECHNIQUE

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF AIRCRAFT SYSTEM

ADAPTIVE PROPOSAL FOR THE AIRCRAFT SYSTEM

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 14. REDUCED CONTROL EFFORT FOR SELF-TUNING REGULATORS VIA AN INPUT WINDOW

INTRODUCTION

THE SELF-TUNING REGULATOR

INPUT WINDOW CONTROL

SIMULATION RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 15. ADAPTIVE CONTROL WITH FEEDFORWARD COMPENSATION AND REDUCED REFERENC EMODEL

INTRODUCTION

THE PROPOSED CONTROL ALGORITHM

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 16. ON A CLASS OF ADAPTIVE PID REGULATORS

INTRODUCTION

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 17. ROBUST DESIGN OF ADAPTIVE OBSERVERS IN THE PRESENCE OF PARASITICS

INTRODUCTION

PROBLEM FORMULATION

REDUCED OKDEK PLANT MODEL

ADAPTIVE OBSERVER DESIGN

NUMERICAL SIMULATION RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 18. IDENTIFICATION OF A pH PROCESS REPRESENTED BY A NONLINEAR WIENER MODEL

INTRODUCTION

PROBLEM FORMULATION

IDENTIFICATION SCHEME

SIMULATION RESULTS

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 19. DEADBEAT ADAPTIVE CONTROL IN FEEDBACK

PROBLEM DESCRIPTION

ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND SYSTEM OBSERVER

NUMERICAL EXAMPLES

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 20. INFORMATION-THEORETIC ASPECTS OF PARAMETER ESTIMATION

INTRODUCTION

NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS

SOME BAYESIAN ESTIMATION ALGORITHMS

RESULTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 21. MODEL UPDATING IMPROVES PERFORMANCE OF AN MRAC DESIGN

INTRODUCTION

UPDATE CRITERIA

APPLICATION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 22. ADAPTIVE CONTROL FOR A NONLINEAR FERMENTATION PROCESS

INTRODUCTION

LINEARIZATION VIA O.C

ADAPTIVE CONTROL

FERMENTATION PROCESS MODEL

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

COMMENTS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 23. ADAPTIVE MULTIVARIABLE CONTROL APPLIED TO A BINARY DISTILLATION COLUMN

INTRODUCTION

PROCESS DESCRIPTION

ALGORITHMS

CONTROL IMPLEMENTATION

CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 24. MINIMUM VARIANCE CONTROL FOR MULTIVARIABLE SYSTEMS WITH DIFFERENT DEADTIMES IN INDIVIDUAL LOOPS

INTRODUCTION

DERIVATION OF GENERALIZED MINIMUM VARIANCE CONTROLLER

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 25. SOME RESULTS ON INFINITE HORIZON LQG ADAPTIVE CONTROL

INTRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SYSTEM IMPLICIT MODEL

THE ADAPTIVE CONTROL ALGORITHM

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 26. MODEL REFERENCE ADAPTIVE CONTROL SYSTEM OF A CATALYTIC FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

INTRODUCTION

PROCESS DESCRIPTION

MODEL REFERENCE ADAPTATIVE SCHEME

CONTROL HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

REAL TIME CONTROL EXPERIMENTS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 27. ODE METHOD VERSUS MARTINGALE CONVERGENCE THEORY

Introduction

Conclusion

References

CHAPTER 28. ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF NON-LINEAR BACTERIAL GROWTH SYSTEMS

0. INTRODUCTION

1. DESCRIPTION OF THE MODEL

3. DEPOLLUTION CONTROL

4. METHANE GAS PRODUCTION CONTROL

5. PREVENTING A WASH-OUT

6. CONCLUSIONS

8. REFERENCES

CHAPTER 29. SEQUENTIAL DETECTION OF ABRUPT CHANGES IN ARMA MODELS

INTRODUCTION

THE EXTENDED KALMAN FILTER

DETECTION

CONCLUSION

PART 4: PLENARY SESSION

CHAPTER 30. LQG SELF-TUNERS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. LQG DESIGN

3. PARAMETER ESTIMATION

4. SELF-TUNING CONTROL

5 . THEORETICAL ISSUES

6. ROBUSTNESS

7. AN APPLICATION

8. REFERENCES

CHAPTER 31. ADAPTIVE CONTROLLERS FOR DISCRETE-TIME SYSTEMS WITH ARBITRARY ZEROS. A SURVEY

INTRODUCTION

KNOWN PARAMETER CASE

ADAPTIVE CASE

STABILITY RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 32. PARAMETRIZATIONS FOR MULTIVARIABLE ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS

INTRODUCTION

1. NOTATIONS AND PRELIMINARIES

2. SOME FACTORIZATIONS OF T(z)

3. COMPARISON OF MULTIVARIABLE ADAPTIVE CONTROL SCHEMES

CONCLUDING REMARKS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 33. LATTICE STRUCTURES FOR FACTORIZATION OF SAMPLE COVARIANCE MATRICES

1. INTRODUCTION

2. OFF-LINE FACTORIZATION OF THE COVARINACE MATRIX

3. ADAPTIVE FACTORIZATION OF THE COVARIANCE MATRIX

4. CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

APPENDIX

CHAPTER 34. REAL TIME VIBRATION CONTROL OF ROTATING CIRCULAR PLATES BY TEMPERATURE CONTROL AND SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION

INTRODUCTION

CRITICAL SPEEDS

CONTROL

EXPERIMENT

CONCLUSIONS

NOMENCLATURE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

PART 5: STOCHASTIC ADAPTIVE CONTROL

CHAPTER 35. ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND IDENTIFICATION FOR STOCHASTIC SYSTEMS WITH RANDOM PARAMETERS

INTRODUCTION

THE STOCHASTIC SYSTEM AND THE ADAPTIVE CONTROL ALGORITHM

ASYMPTOTICALLY OPTIMAL CONTROL: RANDOM AR PARAMETERS

EXTENSION TO THE CASE OF RANDOM MOVING AVERAGE PARAMETERS

CONSISTENCY

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 36. NEW SYNTHESIS TECHNIQUES FOR FINITE TIME STOCHASTIC ADAPTIVE CONTROLLERS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STOCHASTIC CONTROL PROBLEM

3. METHOD OF UTILITY COSTS

4. A NEW CLASS OF ACTIVE ADAPTIVE CONTROLLERS

5. CONCLUSION

6. REFERENCES

CHAPTER 37. SUBOPTIMAL CONTROL LAWS OF MARKOV CHAINS: A STOCHASTIC APPROXIMATION APPROACH

1. INTHODUCTIQN

2. ASSUMPTIONS AND THE ALGORITHM

3. MATHEMATICAL BACKGROUND ON WEAK CONVERGENCE THEORY

4. SOME PRELlMINARY RESULTS

5. TIGHTNESS OF {Xn, n≥0}

6, TIGHTNESS OF {xn(.), n≥0}

7. CONVERGENCE OF THE ALGORITHM

8. CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 38. AN EFFICIENT NONLINEAR FILTER WITH APPLICATION EXPERIENCES ON MULTIVARIABLE ADAPTIVE CONTROL AND FAULT DETECTION

INTRODUCTION

THE FILTER ALGORITHM

USE IN SIMULTANEOUS STATE AND PARAMETER ESTIMATION

APPLICATIONS IN MULTIVARIABLE ADAPTIVE CONTROL

APPLICATION IN SENSOR/ACTUATOR FAULT DETECTION

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 39. A MV ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER FOR PLANTS WITH TIME-VARYING I/O TRANSPORT DELAY

1. INTRODUCTION

2. PROBLEM FORMULATION AND THE MV-MUSMAR SELF-TUNER

3. THE MV FEEDBACK AS A POSSIBLE CONVERGENCE POINT

4. FINAL REMARKS AND CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 40. THE PROBLEM OF FORGETTING OLD DATA IN RECURSIVE ESTIMATION

INTRODUCTION

TRADITIONAL METHODS

A NEW METHOD

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

PART 6: ADAPTIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING

CHAPTER 41. THE OVERDETERMINED RECURSIVE INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLE METHOD

INTRODUCTION

PROBLEM FORMULATION

DERIVATION OF THE ORIV ALGORITHM

SIMULATION RESULTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 42. ADAPTIVE IDENTIFICATION OF STOCHASTIC TRANSMISSION CHANNELS

INTRODUCTION

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

MOTIVATION AND APPLICATIONS

IDENTIFICATION OF THE DETERMINISTIC COMPONENT OF THE OPERATOR

IDENTIFICATION OF THE STOCHASTIC OPERATOR

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 43. CONVERGENCE PROPERTIES FOR A FAMILY OF BOUNDED· FIXED STEP-SIZE ALGORITHMS

INTRODUCTION

ANALYSIS

EXAMPLE

CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 44. A STUDY OF ADPCM USING AN RML PARAMETER ESTIMATOR

1. Introduction

2. Open Issues and Practical Concerns

3. References

CHAPTER 45. PERFORMANCE OF AN ADAPTIVE ARRAY PROCESSOR SUBJECTED TO TIME-VARYING INTERFERENCE

1. INTRODUCTION

2. STABILITY

3. STEADY-STATE PARAMETER-ERROR COVARIANCE

4. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 46. ADAPTIVE TECHNIQUES FOR TIME DELAY ESTIMATION AND TRACKING

INTRODUCTION

ADAPTIVE DELAY ESTIMATION USING THE ALL-PASS FILTER

ADAPTIVE DELAY ELEMENT

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 47. ADAPTIVE ESTIMATOR OF A FILTER AND ITS INVERSE

INTRODUCTION

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

PART 7: ROBUSTNESS OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL ALGORITHMS 2

CHAPTER 48. EFFECTS OF MODEL STRUCTURE, NONZERO D.C.-VALUE AND MEASUREABLE DISTURBANCE ON ADAPTIVE CONTROL

INTRODUCTION

DISCRETE-TIME MULTIVARIABLE ADAPTIVE CONTROL ALGORITHMS

SIMULATION RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 49. HOPF BIFURCATION IN AN ADAPTIVE SYSTEM WITH INMODELED DYNAMICS

1. Introduction

2. Nonlinear Instability

3. A Modified Scheme

4. Concluding Remarks

References

CHAPTER 50. DESIGN OF ADAPTIVE TRACKING SYSTEMS FOR PLANTS OF UNKNOWN ORDER

1. INTRODUCTION

2. PROBLEM STATEMENT

3. A REDUCED ORDER ADAPTIVE OBSERVER

4. ADAPTIVE CONTROL

4. CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 51. REDUCED ORDER ADAPTIVE POLE PLACEMENT FOR MULTIVARIABLE SYSTEMS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THE pxl CASE

3. THE pxm CASE

4. CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 52. SOME PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS FOR THE ROBUSTNESS PROBLEM OF MULTIVARIABLE ADAPTIVE CONTROL

I. Introduction

II. The controlled system mathematical model

III. The control scheme ideas

IV. Conclusions

V. References

PART 8: NEW ALGORITHMS

CHAPTER 53. AUTOMATIC TUNING OF SIMPLE REGULATORS FOR PHASE AND AMPLITUDE MARGINS SPECIFICATIONS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THE BASIC IDEA

3. AMPLITUDE MARGIN AUTO-TUNERS

4. PHASE MARGIN AUTO-TUNERS

5. EXPERIMENTS

6. LIMITATIONS

7. CONCLUSIONS

8. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

9. REFERENCES

CHAPTER 54. ROBUSTNESS OF MULTIVARIABLE NON-LINEAR ADAPTIVE FEEDBACK STABILIZATION

INTRODUCTION

PROBLEM STATEMENT

DECENTRALIZED STABILIZATION

EVENTUAL STABILITY

FIRST AMELIORATION

SECOND AMELIORATION

CENTRALIZED CONTROL

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 55. ADAPTIVE MODEL ALGORITHMIC CONTROL

INTRODUCTION

PHASE AND GAIN MARGINS

PLANT ROBUSTNESS ANALYSIS

CLOSED-LOOP IDENTIFICATION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 56. DESIGN OF DISCRETE-TIME ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS BASED ON NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING

INTRODUCTION

DESIGN OF ADAPTIVE OBSERVER

DESIGN QF ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER

CONCLUSION

REFERENCE:

CHAPTER 57. A STABLE ADAPTIVE CONTROL FOR LINEAR PLANT WITH UNKNOWN RELATIVE DEGREE

INTRODUCTION

CONTROL SYSTEM

PROPERTY

DISCUSSION

NUMERICAL EXAMPLE

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 58. DISTRIBUTED CONTROL USING SELF-TUNING REGULATORS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. DISCUSSION OF DECENTRALIZED SELF-TUNING REGULATORS

3. SIMULATION RESULTS

4. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH

REFERENCES

PART 9: APPLICATIONS OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL

CHAPTER 59. APPLICATION OF MULTIVARIABLE MODEL REFERENCE ADAPTIVE CONTROL TO A BINARY DISTILLATION COLUMN

INTRODUCTION

THE CONTROLLER

THE PLANT

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

CHAPTER 60. MODEL REFERENCE ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF AN INDUSTRIAL PHOSPHATE DRYING FURNACE

INTRODUCTION

PROCESS DESCRIPTION

PROCESS MODEL

PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE CONTROL SYSTEM

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 61. ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF CHEMICALE NGINEERING PROCESSES

INTHODUCTION

EXPERIMENTAL PROCESS

THEORY

EXPERIMENTAL SPECIFICATIONS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 62. GLOBAL ADAPTIVE POLE PLACEMENT FOR NON-MINIMUM PHASE PLANTS APPLICATION TO A THERMAL PROCESS

Introduction

II. Pole Placement of a Known Plant

III. Parametric Identification

IV. Adaptive Pole Placement

V. Application to a Thermal Process

References

CHAPTER 63. ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF A SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR

1. INTRODUCTION

2. OFF-LINE IDENTIFICATION

3. ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF THE SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR

BIBLIOGRAPHY

PART 10: MULTIVARIABLE ADAPTIVE CONTROL

CHAPTER 64. MULTIVARIABLE WEIGHTED MINIMUM VARIANCE SELF-TUNING CONTROLLERS

INTRODUCTION

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

WEIGHTED MINIMUM VARIANCE CONTROL LAW

PERFORMANCE CRITERION

EXPLICIT SELF-TUNING CONTROL

IMPLICIT SELF-TUNING CONTROL

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 65. AN INDIRECT ADAPTIVE CONTROL SCHEME FOR MIMO SYSTEMS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. NOTATIONS AND PRELIMINARIES

3. LINEAR CONTROL SCHEME

4. ADAPTIVE CONTROL SCHEME

5. CONCLUDING REMARKS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 66. STOCHASTIC ADAPTIVE CONTROL WITH KNOWN AND UNKNOWN INTERACTOR MATRICES

1. INTRODUCTION

2. MINIMUM VARIANCE CONTROLLER FOR MULTIVARIABLE SYSTEMS

3. ADAPTIVE CONTROL SCHEMES

4. A SIMPLE CONTROL LAW WHEN THE INTERACTOR MATRIX IS UNKNOWN

5. CONCLUSIONS

6. REFERENCES

CHAPTER 67. DISCRETE DIRECT MULTIVARIABLE ADAPTIVE CONTROL

1. INTRODUCTION

2. FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM

3. THE DISCRETE ADAPTIVE ALGORITHM

4. STABILITY ANALYSIS

5. EXAMPLES

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 68. DISCRETE TIME MULTIVARIABLE ADAPTIVE CONTROL FOR NON-MINIMUM PHASE PLANTS WITH UNKNOWN DEAD TIME

INTRODUCTION

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

CONTROL OF THE KNOWN PLANT

ADAPTIVE CONTROL OF THE UNKNOWN PLANT

STABILITY OF CONTROL SYSTEM

STRUCTURE OF CONTROL SYSTEM

SIMULATION RESULTS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

PART 11: PLENARY SESSION 3 ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION REPORTS

CHAPTER 69. ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION ON ROBUSTNESS OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL

CHAPTER 70. ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION ON ADAPTIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING

CHAPTER 71. ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION ON APPLICATION OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL

Can adaptive control be used in industry?

Security issues

How relevant is the current theoretical research?

Education

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