Working Difference ：Women’s Working Lives in Hungary and Austria, 1945–1995 ( Comparative and International Working-Class History )

Publication subTitle ：Women’s Working Lives in Hungary and Austria, 1945–1995

Publication series ：Comparative and International Working-Class History

Author： Éva Fodor  

Publisher： Duke University Press‎

Publication year： 2002

E-ISBN: 9780822384489

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780822330905

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780822330776

Subject： C913.68 Womens Issues;D44 妇女运动与组织

Keyword： Women -- Employment -- Hungary., Women -- Employment -- Austria., Hungary -- Economic conditions -- 1945-, Austria -- Economic conditions -- 1945-

Language： ENG

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Description

Working Difference is one of the first comparative, historical studies of women's professional access to public institutions in a state socialist and a capitalist society. Éva Fodor examines women's inclusion in and exclusion from positions of authority in Austria and Hungary in the latter half of the twentieth century. Until the end of World War II women's lives in the two countries, which were once part of the same empire, followed similar paths, which only began to diverge after the communist takeover in Hungary in the late 1940s. Fodor takes advantage of Austria and Hungary's common history to carefully examine the effects of state socialism and the differing trajectories to social mobility and authority available to women in each country.

Fodor brings qualitative and quantitative analyses to bear, combining statistical analyses of survey data, interviews with women managers in both countries, and archival materials including those from the previously classified archives of the Hungarian communist party and transcripts from sessions of the Austrian Parliament. She shows how women's access to power varied in degree and operated through different principles and mechanisms in accordance with the stratification systems of the respective countries. In Hungary women's mobility was curtailed by political means (often involving limited access to communist party membership), while in Austria women's professional advancement was affected by limited access t

Chapter

Contents

Contents

Contents

Acknowledgments

Acknowledgments

Acknowledgments

1. Three Generations of Women in Central Europe

1. Three Generations of Women in Central Europe

1. Three Generations of Women in Central Europe

2. Gender Regimes East and West

2. Gender Regimes East and West

2. Gender Regimes East and West

3. From ‘‘K und K’’ to ‘‘Communism versus Capitalism’’: The Social Worlds of Austria and Hungary

3. From ‘‘K und K’’ to ‘‘Communism versus Capitalism’’: The Social Worlds of Austria and Hungary

3. From ‘‘K und K’’ to ‘‘Communism versus Capitalism’’: The Social Worlds of Austria and Hungary

4. Exclusion versus Limited Inclusion

4. Exclusion versus Limited Inclusion

4. Exclusion versus Limited Inclusion

5. Mechanisms of Exclusion

5. Mechanisms of Exclusion

5. Mechanisms of Exclusion

6. Conditions of Inclusion: Examining State Policies in Austria and Hungary, 1945–1995

6. Conditions of Inclusion: Examining State Policies in Austria and Hungary, 1945–1995

6. Conditions of Inclusion: Examining State Policies in Austria and Hungary, 1945–1995

7. Difference at Work: A Case Study of Hungary

7. Difference at Work: A Case Study of Hungary

7. Difference at Work: A Case Study of Hungary

8. Convergence in the Twenty-First Century?

8. Convergence in the Twenty-First Century?

8. Convergence in the Twenty-First Century?

Appendix A. Data Sets, Samples, and Definition of Variables

Appendix A. Data Sets, Samples, and Definition of Variables

Appendix A. Data Sets, Samples, and Definition of Variables

Appendix B. Chronology of Legislation Targeting or Affecting Women

Appendix B. Chronology of Legislation Targeting or Affecting Women

Appendix B. Chronology of Legislation Targeting or Affecting Women

Notes

Notes

Notes

References

References

References

Index

Index

Index

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