Cover

Contents

Preface

Contributors

Prologue

Part I: Structural Basis of Cell Injury

1: Response to Cellular Injury

Acute Cell Swelling

Adaptive Responses to Persistent Injury

2: Cell Death

Necrosis

Programmed Cell Death

Interplay of Necrosis and PCD

Getting Rid of the Dead Cell

Endothelial Cell Death

3: Cellular Defense and Recovery

Plasma Membrane in Recovery

Detoxification: Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum and Peroxisomes

Mitochondria in Recovery

Nucleoli, DNA, and the Genome in Recovery

Proteostasis

Autophagy: Removal of Debris

Part II: Organelle Pathology

4: The Cell Surface

The Plasma Membrane

Cytoskeleton

Intercellular Junctions

Surface Structures

5: Intracellular Trafficking

Endocytosis

Phagocytosis

Lysosomes and Cytoplasmic Trafficking

Exocytosis

6: Nucleus, Ribosomes, the Golgi Complex, and Secretion

Nucleus

Ribosomes

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi Complex

Secretion

7: Peroxisomes, Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, and Lipids

Peroxisomes

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Glycogen

Lipids

Lipoproteins

Lipid Metabolism Disorders

8: Mitochondria

The Normal Mitochondrion

Mitochondrial Swelling: Response to Acute Injury

Mitochondriopathy of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases

Mitochondrial DNA-Based Disorders

Part III: Inflammation and Hemostasis

9: Endothelium

Endothelial Interface with Blood and Perivascular Spaces

Endothelial Thromboresistance vs. Procoagulation

Endothelial Response to Hypoxia and Circulatory Dysfunction

Inflammation

Mast Cell and Basophil Interfaces with Endothelium

Angiogenesis

10: Leukocytes and Platelets

The Neutrophil

Eosinophils

Platelets

Thrombosis

11: The Mononuclear Phagocyte System and Lymphocytes

The Monocyte-Macrophage System

Dendritic Cells

Lymphocytes

12: The Extracellular Matrix

Collagen Fibers

Microfibrils

Extracellular Ground Substance

Basement Membranes

Mucins and Other Barriers

Part IV: Infectious Diseases

13: Cytopathology of Viral Diseases

Family Poxviridae

Family Herpesviridae

Family Adenoviridae

Family Papillomaviridae

Family Polyomaviridae

Family Parvoviridae

Family Iridoviridae

Family Asfarviridae

Family Hepadnaviridae

Family Circoviridae

Family Orthomyxoviridae

Family Paramyxoviridae

Family Rhabdoviridae

Family Filoviridae

Family Coronaviridae

Family Reoviridae

Family Arenaviridae

Family Togaviridae

Family Arteriviridae

Family Bornaviridae

Family Flaviviridae

Family Bunyaviridae

Family Birnaviridae

Family Nadoviridae

Family Picornaviridae

Family Caliciviridae

Family Astroviridae

Family Retroviridae

14: Cytopathology of Pathogenic Prokaryotes

Structure of the Bacterial Cell

Phylum Tenericutes, Order Mycoplasmatales

Order Entomoplasmatales

Order Incertae Sedis

Phylum Proteobacteriae, Order Rickettsiales

Order Rhizobiales

Order Burkholderiales

Order Neisseriales

Order Campylobacterales

Order Aeromonadales

Order Enterobacteriales

Order Legionellales

Order Pasteurellales

Order Pseudomonadales

Order Thiotricales

Order Vibrionales

Phylum Chlamydiae, Order Chlamydiales

Order Actinomycetales

Phylum Firmicutes, Order Bacillales

Order Lactobacillales

Order Clostridiales

Order Spirochaetales

Order Bacteroidales

Order Fusobacteriales

Other Bacteria

15: Pathogenic Protozoa

Amoebas

Ciliates

Flagellates

Hemosporidians

The Malarial Organisms

The Coccidia

The Microsporans

Protozoa of Uncertain Taxonomy

16: Algae, Fungi, and Other Eukaryotes

Algae

Fungi

The Myxozoans

Intracellular Metazoan Parasites

Part V: Toxicologic Diseases

17: Toxicologic Pathology

Lysosomotropic Hepatotoxins

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Hepatotoxins

Hepatotoxins and the Golgi Complex

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum and Hepatotoxicity

Mitochondrial Hepatotoxins

Steatosis and Hepatotoxicity

Hepatocyte Toxins That Act on the Nucleus

Hepatocyte Toxins That Act on the Cytoskeleton

Particulate Hepatotoxins

18: Myotoxins

Cardiotoxicity

Myocardial Toxins

Skeletal Muscle

Smooth Muscle Toxicity

19: Neurotoxins and Neurodegeneration

Introduction

Neuronopathies

Myelin Toxins: Myelinopathies

Neuropathies: The Peripheral Nerves

Neurotoxins That Act at Nerve Termini and Synapses

Glial Toxins

Vascular Neurotoxins and the Blood-Brain Barrier

20: Nephrotoxins

Glomerular Toxins

Proximal Convoluted Tubule Toxins

Distal Tubule Toxins

Toxins in the Medulla

The Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

Crystal Nephropathy

Confounding Lesions in Nephrotoxicity

21: Toxicity of Respiratory Systems

The Normal Mammalian Lung

Reaction to Pulmonary Toxins

Substances Damaging to Lung

Acute Toxic Pulmonary Injury

Chronic Inhalant Injury

Chronic Exhalant Toxicity

Comparative Respiratory Systems

Part VI: Pathologic Growth

22: The Cell Cycle: Dysfunction in Aging, Senescence, and Hibernation

The Cell Cycle

Regeneration

Aging and Senescence

Hibernation

Cell Senescence

23: The Neoplastic Cell

The Genomic Landscape

Benign or Malignant

Neoplastic Cell Structure

Neoplastic Cell Surfaces

The Nucleus of the Neoplastic Cell

Cytoplasm

The Tumor Microenvironment

Metastasis

Neoplastic Cell Death

Part VII: Diagnostic Pathology

24: Calcification

Intracellular Calcification

Extracellular Calcification

Microliths

25: Pigments

Melanin

Chromatophores

Hemoglobin-Derived Pigments

Erythrophagocytosis

Copper-Containing Pigments

Exogenous Pigments

26: Amyloid, Protein Misfolding Defects, and Inclusions

Amyloid

Tauopathies

Synucleinopathies

Misfolded Proteins and Inspissated Inclusions

27: Metabolic and Storage Diseases

Lipid Storage Diseases

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses

Glycoproteinoses

Mucopolysaccharidoses

Mucolipidoses

Glycogen Storage Diseases

Amino Acid Transport Storage Diseases

Other Storage Diseases

28: Arteriopathy

Responses of the Artery to Injury

Atherosclerosis

29: The Renal Glomerulopathies

Membranous Glomerulonephritis

Proliferative Glomerulonephritis

Minimal Change Disease

Glomerulonephritis Associated with Systemic Disease

Diabetes

30: Prions

Prions Defined

The Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies

Index