Description
The Organic Chemistry of Museum Objects provides an account of the composition, chemistry, and analysis of the organic materials which enter into the structures of objects in museum collections. This book is not intended to duplicate the information available in existing handbooks on the materials and techniques of art and conservation but rather to convey the state of knowledge of the chemical composition of such materials and so provide a framework for a general understanding of their properties.
The book begins with a review of basic organic chemistry, covering hydrocarbons and compounds with functional groups. It then describes spectrometry and separation methods. This is followed by discussions of the chemistry and composition of oils and fats, natural waxes, bituminous materials, carbohydrates, proteins, and natural resins and lacquers. Subsequent chapters deal with synthetic materials, i.e., high molecular weight polymers of a wholly synthetic nature; and natural and synthetic dyestuffs. Also discussed are the deterioration and other changes in organic materials resulting from both free radical and ionic reactions; and the application of analytical methods to identify the organic materials of actual museum objects. This book is intended for both chemists and nonchemists.
Chapter
Chapter 1. Basic organic chemistry
Chapter 1. Basic organic chemistry
1.2 Compounds with functional groups
1.2 Compounds with functional groups
Chapter 2. Analytical methods
Chapter 2. Analytical methods
2.1 Separation methods— chromatography
2.1 Separation methods— chromatography
2.2 Spectrometric methods
2.2 Spectrometric methods
3.2 Chemical properties of fats
3.2 Chemical properties of fats
3.3 Changes in buried fats
3.3 Changes in buried fats
3.4 Drying oils and drying
3.4 Drying oils and drying
3.5 Minor components of oils and fats
3.5 Minor components of oils and fats
3.6 Products containing, or derived from, fats and fatty acids
3.6 Products containing, or derived from, fats and fatty acids
4.1 Insect and animal waxes
4.1 Insect and animal waxes
4.3 Fossil and earth waxes
4.3 Fossil and earth waxes
4.4 Detection and identification of waxes
4.4 Detection and identification of waxes
Chapter 5. Bituminous materials
Chapter 5. Bituminous materials
Chapter 6. Carbohydrates: sugars and polysaccharides
Chapter 6. Carbohydrates: sugars and polysaccharides
6.6 Plant gums and mucilages
6.6 Plant gums and mucilages
6.7 Identification of polysaccharides
6.7 Identification of polysaccharides
7.2 Properties and durability
7.2 Properties and durability
7.4 Amino acid dating of proteinaceous materials
7.4 Amino acid dating of proteinaceous materials
Chapter 8. Natural resins and lacquers
Chapter 8. Natural resins and lacquers
8.5 Polyisoprenoids —rubber
8.5 Polyisoprenoids —rubber
8.6 Insect resins—shellac
8.6 Insect resins—shellac
Chapter 9. Synthetic materials
Chapter 9. Synthetic materials
9.3 Condensation polymers
9.3 Condensation polymers
Chapter 10. Dyestuffs and other coloured materials
Chapter 10. Dyestuffs and other coloured materials
Chapter 11. Fundamental aspects of deterioration
Chapter 11. Fundamental aspects of deterioration
11.2 Other agents of deterioration
11.2 Other agents of deterioration
Chapter 12. Analysis in practice
Chapter 12. Analysis in practice
12.2 Varnishes and lacquers
12.2 Varnishes and lacquers
12.4 Wax objects and coatings
12.4 Wax objects and coatings
12.5 Bituminous adhesives and coatings
12.5 Bituminous adhesives and coatings