Chapter
1.3.1 Identifying the Phase Separation
1.3.2 Nanoreinforcement and Phase Separation
1.4 Thermoset/ Thermoplastic Blends Applications
Chapter 2: Thermoplastic-Thermoset Nanostructured Polymer Blends
2.2.1 Types of Polymer Blends
2.2.1.1 Homologous Polymer Blend
2.2.1.2 Miscible Polymer Blend
2.2.1.3 Immiscible Polymer Blend
2.2.1.4 Compatible Polymer Blend
2.3 Thermoplastics/Thermosets Blends in a Thermoplastic Matrix
2.6 Preparation of Nanostructured Thermoplastic/Thermoset Blends
2.6.2 Higher Shear Processing
2.7 Introduction of Nanoparticles
2.8 Morphology Development
2.10 Conclusion and Recommendation
Chapter 3: Liquid Crystalline Nanostructured Polymer Blends
3.2 Liquid Crystalline Mesophases
3.3 Molecular Structures of Polymer Liquid Crystals
3.4 Properties and Applications of Polymer Liquid Crystal Blends
3.5 Characterization Methods
Chapter 4: Thermoplastics Polymers Reinforced with Natural Fibers
4.4 Effect of Modification on Mechanical Properties of Palm Fiber Composites
4.4.2 Use of a Coupling Agent
Chapter 5: Aerogels and Foamed Nanostructured Polymer Blends
5.2 Foaming of Nanostructured Blend Systems
5.2.1 Synthesis of Nanostructured Foamed Polymer Blends
5.2.1.1 Nanocomposite Synthesis
5.2.1.2 Synthesis of Thermoplastic Nanocomposite Blends
5.2.1.3 Synthesis of Foamed Nanopolymer Blends by Solid-State Foaming
5.2.1.4 Synthesis of Thermoset Nanocomposite Foams
5.2.1.5 High Performance Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Foams
5.2.1.6 Biodegradable Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Foams
5.2.2.1 Factors That Influence Morphology
5.2.3 Properties of Nanopolymer Foamed Blends
5.2.3.1 Mechanical Properties
5.2.3.2 Acoustic Properties
5.2.3.3 Electrical Properties
5.2.3.4 Thermal Insulation Properties
5.2.3.5 Thermal Stability
5.3 Aerogel Polymer Blends
5.3.2 Properties of Aerogels and Applications
Chapter 6: Nanomembrane Materials Based on Polymer Blends
6.1 Introduction to Nanomembrane Materials
6.2 Current State of the Art on Polymeric Nanomembranes
6.2.2 Solution Diffusion Mechanism of Polymeric Nanomembranes
6.2.3 Factors Contributing to the Transport Process of Polymeric Nanomembranes
6.3 Concept of Mixed-Matrix Nanomembranes
6.4 Development of Mixed-Matrix Nanomembranes
6.4.1 Solid-Polymer Mixed-Matrix Nanomembranes
6.4.1.1 Use of solid-polymer mixed-matrix nanomembranes for gas separation
6.4.2 Liquid-Polymer MMMs
6.4.3 Solid-Liquid-Polymer MMMs
6.5 A Nano-Blend with the Nano-Phase Removed for Controlled Porosity
6.6 Methods of Controlling the Pore Shape, Porosity and Size of Nanoporous Polymer Materials
6.7 Recent Progress in Mixed-Matrix Nanomembranes
6.7.1 Nanomembrane Multi-Functionalization of Various Nanocomposites
Chapter 7: Polymers with Nano-Encapsulated Functional Polymers
7.2.3 Functional Polymer Nanocomposites
7.3 Encapsulation of Polymeric Nanoparticles
7.3.1 Encapsulation via Heterogeneous Polymerization
7.3.1.1 Emulsion polymerization
7.3.1.2 Microemulsion polymerization
7.3.1.3 Miniemulsion polymerization
7.3.2 Encapsulation via Physical Chemistry Method
7.3.2.1 Assembly of nanoparticles via heterocoagulation
7.3.2.2 Assembly of nanoparticles via repetitive
7.4.1 Phase Change Materials
7.4.2 Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Shielding Materials
7.4.3 Biomedical Applications
7.4.3.2 Fluorescence bioimaging
Chapter 8: Polymers with Nano-Encapsulated Functional Polymers: Encapsulated Phase Change Materials
8.2 Classification of PCMs
8.2.1 Inorganic Phase Change Compounds
8.2.2 Organic Phase Change Compounds
8.2.2.1 Commercial paraffin waxes (CnH 2n +2)
8.2.2.2 Nonparaffin organics
8.3 Encapsulation of PCMs
8.4 Nanoparticle-Enhanced PCM and Nano-Encapsulated PCM
Chapter 9: Polymers with Nano-Encapsulated Functional Polymers: Encapsulated Nanoparticles for Treatment of Cancer Cells
9.2 NPs for Treatment of Cancer
9.2.1 General Considerations
9.2.2 Nanocarriers Based on Polymeric Materials
9.2.2.1 Targeted delivery
9.3 Nanostructures for Anticancer Therapeutics: Future Tendencies
9.3.1 Anticancer Polymer Prodrug Nanocarriers
9.4 Conclusions and Future Directions
Chapter 10: Carbon Containing Nanostructured Polymer Blends
10.2 Different Categories of Carbon Nanostructure
10.3 CNT and Graphene Reinforced Polymer Composite
10.3.1 Relationship Between Processing, Structure, and Property of Polymer/CNTs Composite Materials
10.3.1.1 The uses of CNTs as nucleating agent in polymer composite fibers
10.3.1.2 Dispersion and structural control of CNTs
10.3.1.3 Methods of homogeneous dispersion of carbon nanomaterials
10.3.2 Relationship Between Preparation, Structure, and Property of Polymer/Graphene Composite Materials
10.3.2.1 Exfoliated graphite fillers
10.3.2.2 Structure of exfoliated graphite
10.5 Current Applications of CNTs and Graphene
Chapter 11: Immiscible Polymer Blends Stabilized with Nanophase
11.2 Various Classifications of Polymeric Nanomaterials
11.2.1 Mechanism of Compatibilization
11.2.2 Theories of Phase Separation
11.3 Wetting Parameters; Effect on Particle Localization
11.4 Influence of Dynamic Processes on Ternary Nanocomposite Morphology
11.4.1 Influence of Processing (Mixing Sequence)
11.5 Compatiblizing Effect of Nanoparticles
11.6 Effect of Nanostructured Materials Nature on Phase Stability
11.7 Current Issues in Nanostructured Stabilized Polymer Blends
Chapter 12: Nanostructured Polymer Blends for Gas/Vapor Barrier and Dielectric Applications
12.2 Gas Barrier Property
12.3 Mechanisms of Barrier Improvement in Polymers
12.5 Types of Nanoparticles
12.6.2 Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane
12.7 Nanostructured Polymer Blends
12.8 Polymers and Their Nanostructured Polymer Blends
12.8.1 Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate
12.8.2 Nanostructured Blends of EVA
12.8.4 Nanostructured Polyamide Blends
12.8.5 POSS-Blended Nanostructured Polymer
12.9 Gas and Oxygen Barrier Characteristics of Nanostructured Polymer Blends
12.10 Barrier Properties Against UV Radiation of Nanocomposite Fibers
12.11 Dielectric Property of Nanostructured Polymer Blends
12.12 Future Trends: Predicting Nanotechnology Growth
Chapter 13: Polyhydroxyalkanoates and Their Nanobiocomposites With Cellulose Nanocrystals
13.2 Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) and Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate)
13.3 Lignocellulosic Fibers
13.3.1 Cellulose Nanofibers
13.3.2 Properties and Applications of Cellulose Nanofibers
13.4.1 PHA-Based Nanocellulosic Composites
13.4.2 Cellulose Whiskers Obtention
13.4.3 Process of Nanocomposites Obtention
13.5 Effect of Nanocellulose on the Properties of PHA
13.5.1 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)
13.5.2 Barrier Properties
13.5.3 Thermal Properties
13.5.4 Mechanical Properties
13.6 Application of PHBV/NCC Nanocomposites
Chapter 14: Crystallization and Morphological Changes in Nanostructured Polymer Blends
14.1.1 Theories of Polymer Crystallization
14.2.1 Crystallization in Polymer Blends
14.3 Blends of Crystallizable Matrix and Amorphous Dispersed Phase
14.3.1 Spherulite Growth Rate in Crystallizable Matrix
14.3.2 Polymer Blends with Amorphous Matrix and Crystallizable Dispersed Phase
14.3.3 Polymer Blends Containing Crystallizable Matrix and Dispersed Phases
14.3.4 Crystallization of Nanostructured Polymer Blends
14.4 Confined Crystallization
14.5.1 Factors Influencing Polymorphic Behavior
14.5.1.1 Molecular weight
14.5.1.2 Microstructure of polymer chain
14.5.1.3 Fusion conditions prior to crystallization
14.5.1.4 Miscible polymer blending
14.5.1.5 Epitaxial crystallization
14.5.1.6 Nucleating agent
14.5.2 Effects of Polymorphism on Physical Properties
Chapter 15: Phase Structures in Thin Films of Nanostructured Polymer Blends
15.2 Introduction to Polymer-Blend Thin Films
15.3 Formation of Nanostructured Thin Films in Polymer Blends
15.3.1 Temperature and Solvent Directed Phase Separation in Thin Films
15.3.2 Dewetting Versus Stabilized Films
15.4 Surface Morphologies in Homopolymer-Blend Thin Films
15.4.1 Parameters Influencing the Pattern Formed
15.4.1.1 Blend composition
15.4.1.2 Polymer structure and molecular weight
15.4.1.3 Effect of the thickness on the film morphology
15.4.1.5 Role of the substrate on the morphology
15.4.1.7 Dewetting on thin films
15.4.1.8 Influence of the environmental relative humidity: polarity/phase separation
15.4.2 Thin Film Morphologies Exhibited by Homopolymer Blends on Patterned Substrates
15.4.3 Substrate Directed Stratification
15.5 Self-Assembly of BCs in Thin Films
15.5.1 BC Composition and Nanodomain Formation Relative to the Surface
15.5.2 Role of the Film Thickness on the Thin Film Morphology
15.5.3 Island-and-Hole Formation
15.5.4 Improvement of the Phase Morphology
15.6 Pattern Formation in Thin Films of BC/Homopolymer
15.7 Thin Film Ordering in BC/BC Blends
15.8 Applications of Thin Films of Nanostructured Polymer Blends
15.8.1 Patterning at Surfaces
15.8.2 Complex and Hierarchically Structured Polymer Thin Films from Polymer Blends
15.8.3 Superhydrophobic Coatings
15.8.4 Stimuli-Responsive Nano/Microstructured Thin Films
15.8.5 Biomolecular Arrays
15.8.6 Electronics and Optoelectronics
Chapter 16: Mechanisms of Toughening in Nanostructured Polymer Blends
16.2.1 Effect of Material Thickness
16.2.2 Translational Stress and Plane Stress States
16.2.3 Orientation of Grains
16.3 Toughening Mechanism of Materials
16.3.1 Intrinsic Mechanisms
16.3.2 Extrinsic Mechanisms
16.4 Toughening of Polymers and Polymer Blends
16.5 Toughening of Nanostructured Polymer Blends
Chapter 17: Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Nanostructured Polymer Blends
17.3 Amphilic Block Copolymer
17.4 Hydrogen Bonds in Nanostructured Polymer Blends
17.6 Methods Used for Preparation of Superhydrophilic Surfaces
17.6.2 Electrochemical Method
17.6.5 Chemical and Hydrothermal Methods
17.6.8 Layer-by-Layer Assembly
17.8 Methods Used for the Preparation of Superhydrophobic Surfaces
17.8.1 Chemical Deposition
17.8.2 Colloidal Assemblies
17.8.7 Plasma Treatment of Surfaces
17.9 Phase Structure and Surface Morphology
17.9.1.1 Structure and morphology in PS / PMMA polymer blends
17.9.2 Core-Shell Structure
17.9.2.1 Structure and morphology of soy protein/ PS nanoblends
Design and Applications of Nanostructured Polymer Blends and Nanocomposite Systems
( Micro and Nano Technologies )
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