Description

By joining phylogenetics and evolutionary ecology, this book explores the patterns of parasite diversity while revealing diversification processes. Parasites (from viruses, bacteria and protists to arthropods and helminths) may constitute more than half of all livings species. Using the most recent molecular, phylogenetic and computational tools, Parasite Diversity and Diversification explores the latest advances in the processes explaining this considerable, yet cryptic, biodiversity. Parasites (from viruses, bacteria and protists to arthropods and helminths) may constitute more than half of all livings species. Using the most recent molecular, phylogenetic and computational tools, Parasite Diversity and Diversification explores the latest advances in the processes explaining this considerable, yet cryptic, biodiversity. The development of molecular tools has dramatically increased our knowledge of parasite diversity and the vectors that transmit them. From viruses and protists to arthropods and helminths, each branch of the Tree of Life offers an insight into significant, yet cryptic, biodiversity. Alongside this, the studies of host-parasite interactions and parasitism have influenced many scientific disciplines, such as biogeography and evolutionary ecology, by using comparative methods based on phylogenetic information to unravel shared evolutionary histories. Parasite Diversity and Diversification brings together two active fields of research, phylogenetics and evolutionary ecology, to reveal and explain the patterns of parasite diversity and the diversification of their hosts. This book will encourage students and researchers in the fields of ecology and evolution of parasitism, as well as animal and human health, to integrate phylogenetics into the investigation of parasitism in evolutionary ecology, health ecology, medicine and conservation. List of contributors; Foreword; Introduction Serge Morand, Boris Krasnov and Tim Littlewood; Part I. Evolutionary Ecology of Parasite Diversity: 1. Quantifying parasite diversity Robert Poulin; 2. Relationships between parasite diversity and host diversity Boris Krasnov and Robert Poulin; 3. Patterns of diversity and distribution of aquatic invertebrates and their parasites Tommy L. F. Leung, Camilo Mora and Klaus Rohde; 4. Under the changing climate: how shifting geographic distributions and sexual selection shape parasite diversification Lajos Rózsa, Piotr Tryjanowski and Zoltán Vas; 5. Impacts of parasite diversity on wild vertebrates: limited knowledge but important perspectives Frederic Bordes and Serge Morand; Part II. The Evolutionary History of Parasite Diversity: 6. Revealing parasite diversity using brute force molecular techniques and gently persuasive microscopy Aurélie Chambouvet, Thomas A. Richards, David Bass and Sigrid Neuhauser; 7. Evolution of simian retroviruses Ahidjo Ayouba and Martine Peeters; 8. The diversity and phylogeny of Rickettsia Lucy A. Weinert; 9. Advances in the classification of Acanthocephalans: evolutionary history and evolution of the parasitism Martín García-Varela and Gerardo Pérez-Ponce de León; 10. The study of primate evolution from a lousy perspective David L. Reed, Julie M. Allen, Melissa A. Toups, Bret Boyd and Marina Ascunce; 11. Host correlates of diversification in avian lice Lajos Rózsa and Zoltán Vas; 12. Evolutionary history of Siphonaptera: fossils, origins, vectors Katharina Dittmar, Qiyun Zhu, Michael W. Hastriter and Michael F. Whiting;