The Limits of Transnational Law :Refugee Law, Policy Harmonization and Judicial Dialogue in the European Union

Publication subTitle :Refugee Law, Policy Harmonization and Judicial Dialogue in the European Union

Author: Guy S. Goodwin-Gill;Hélène Lambert;  

Publisher: Cambridge University Press‎

Publication year: 2010

E-ISBN: 9781316921739

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780521198202

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780521198202

Subject: D99 international law

Keyword: 法律

Language: ENG

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Description

A comparative analysis of the extent and role of transnational judicial dialogue in European refugee law, first published in 2010. This 2010 examination of the limits of transnational law in the context of refugee law in Europe explores how cultural and rational factors impact on transnational judicial dialogue and analyses the implications for the development of a Common European Asylum System and for international refugee law. This 2010 examination of the limits of transnational law in the context of refugee law in Europe explores how cultural and rational factors impact on transnational judicial dialogue and analyses the implications for the development of a Common European Asylum System and for international refugee law. State authority and power have become diffused in an increasingly globalized world characterized by the freer trans-border movement of people, objects and ideas. As a result, some international law scholars believe that a new world order is emerging based on a complex web of transnational networks. Such a transnational legal order requires sufficient dialogue between national courts. This 2010 book explores the prospects for such an order in the context of refugee law in Europe, focusing on the use of foreign law in refugee cases. Judicial practice is critically analysed in nine EU member states, with case studies revealing a mix of rational and cultural factors that lead judges to rarely use each others' decisions within the EU. Conclusions are drawn for the prospects of a Common European Asylum System and for international refugee law. 1. Introduction: transnational law, judges, and refugees in the European Union H. Lambert; 2. Where is the reference? On the limited role of transnational dialogue in Belgian refugee law J.-Y. Carlier and D. Vanheule; 3. The use of foreign asylum jurisprudence in the German administrative courts P. Tiedemann; 4. Foreign law in Swedish judicial decision-making: still a rare occurrence R. Stern; 5. Foreign asylum law in Denmark - dualist tradition and domestic focus J. Vedsted-Hansen; 6. Transnational refugee law in the French courts: deliberate or compelled change in judicial attitudes? H. Lambert and J. Silga; 7. Thou shalt not judge... Spanish judicial decision-making in asylum and the role of judges in interpreting the law M.-T. Gil-Bazo; 8. The solipsistic monologue of Italian authorities F. Messineo; 9. The British judiciary and the search for reciprocal relations with its continental partners H. Lambert, with the assistance of R. Husain; 10. Judicial dialogue and refugee determination in Irish law: talking across borders S. Mullally; 11. Conclusion: one true way G. S. Goodwin-Gill. '… marvelous … thought provoking … this book was a pleasure to read. It is lively, entertaining and highly engaging. All the chapters are well written, not always the case when many of the authors do not have English as a mother tongue. For my part, my reflections on the question of cross-border judicial conversations have been much enriched by this book.' European Human Rights Law Review '… this book will contribute significantly towards raising awareness of the concept of transnational legal dialogue, which, to quote [A. M.] Slaughter … 'creates an incentive for both lender and borrower be'.' Bríd Ní Ghráinne, Leiden Journal of International Law

Chapter

Exploring transnational refugee law

2 Where is the reference? On the limited role of transnational dialogue in Belgian refugee law

Introduction

The refugee status determination process in Belgium

Migration and asylum law

Admissibility of the claim

From 1988 to 1 June 2007

Since 1 June 2007

Determination of the merits of the claim

From 1988 to 1 June 2007

Since 1 June 2007

The legal framework within which the asylum authorities operate

Survey of the case law in Belgium

Detailed analysis

The Interpretation of the Refugee Convention

Similar facts

Civil law

Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights

On the absence of a transnational dialogue

A rational account on the absence of a transnational dialogue

Linguistic constraints

Time constraints

Access to foreign case law

A cultural account on the absence of a transnational dialogue

The style of judgments and the legal culture

The conceptual legal framework within which the judge operates

The domestic dynamic surrounding refugee law cases

3 Transnational refugee law in the French courts: deliberate or compelled change in judicial attitudes?

Introduction

The asylum decision-making process in France

The use of foreign law by French courts: empirical focus on refugees and asylum jurisprudence

Methodology

Council of State

Refugee Appeals Board/National Asylum Court

Reasons for the lack of transnational traffic of jurisprudence between France and its EU partners

Rational account

Language

Time constraints and access

Training

Cultural account

Style of judgments

The conceptual legal framework within which the judge operates

The domestic dynamic surrounding cases

Conclusion

4 The use of foreign asylum jurisprudence in the German administrative courts

Introduction

The role of jurisprudence and academic writing in German refugee law cases

The role of jurisprudence and academic writing in the interpretation of the law

The use of foreign law in the process of fact-finding

The use of foreign jurisprudence by German courts – empirical study

References and discussion of foreign case law in published court decisions

Survey among German administrative court judges

Reasons for the lack of reference to foreign jurisprudence

Access and language

The ‘Two-Worlds Doctrine’

5 The solipsistic legal monologue of Italian authorities

A brief introduction to the Italian legal mind

International protection in Italy: the institutional framework

Old principles of recent implementation

The comparatively small number of asylum applications until 2007 and the recent increase

The two Italian asylum procedures

Constitutional asylum: lack of implementing procedures

Refugee status determination and subsidiary protection

The use of foreign law by authorities deciding on international protection

Deciding authorities

Administrative authorities: Central, Local and Integrated Commissions

Judicial authorities: administrative and civil courts

The opinion of selected key practitioners

Conclusion

6 ‘Thou shalt not judge’… Spanish judicial decision-making on asylum and the role of judges in interpreting the law

Introduction

Asylum as a subjective right of individuals in the Spanish legal order

The Spanish asylum procedure

Admissibility procedure

Applications at the border

In-country applications

Examination on the merits

The Spanish legal order the role of judges in interpreting international treaties and the value of jurisprudence and precedent

Analysis of case law and main findings

Conclusion

7 The British judiciary and the search for reciprocal relations with its continental partners

Introduction

Conception of asylum and the decision-making process in the United Kingdom

Initial decision

Appeals

The use of foreign law in the British courts: empirical focus

House of Lords

English Court of Appeal and Scottish Court of Session

High Court

Administrative Court

Asylum and Immigration Tribunal

Reasons for the lack of traffic in jurisprudence between the UK and its EU partners

Rational account

Language

Time constraints and access

Training

Cultural account

Style of judgments

The conceptual framework within which the judge operates

The domestic dynamic surrounding refugee law cases

Conclusion

8 Speaking across borders: the limits and potential of transnational dialogue on refugee law in Ireland

Introduction

Asylum determination in Ireland: the process

Status of foreign case law

Selected decisions of the Refugee Appeals Tribunal

Conclusion

9 The absence of foreign law in Danish asylum decisions – quasi-judicial monologue with domestic policy focus?

Introduction

Procedure and organization of the decision-making process

General features of judicial control of the executive

Admissibility issues and first instance examination of asylum applications

Appeals procedure

Special review procedure in manifestly unfounded cases

The use and absence of foreign law

Method and premise of the study

Case law reports from the Refugee Appeals Board

Survey of practising lawyers

Explanatory context – and potential challenges to the absence of transnational law

Denmark’s reservation towards EC harmonization

Finality clause: no ordinary judicial review

Dualistic tradition and judicial pragmatism

The ‘domestication’ dilemma – and the emerging challenges

10 Foreign law in Swedish judicial decision-making: playing a limited role in refugee law cases

Introduction

Sweden and public international law

The judicial system

General comments

The Swedish asylum procedure

A survey of national case law on asylum

Methodology

Government

Aliens Appeals Board

Migration Courts

Migration Court of Appeal

‘Invisible traffic’

General comments on the survey

Possible reasons for the lack of reference to foreign jurisprudence in Swedish refugee law judgments

Rational account

Cultural account

Conclusion

11 The search for the one, true meaning…

Introduction

Basic principles of interpretation

‘Subsequent practice’ and the UNHCR Handbook

The theory and practice of treaty interpretation

‘Subsequent practice’ and ‘foreign citation’

The role of UNHCR

Approaches to interpretation in the case law of the United Kingdom

The search for ‘autonomous meaning’

The place of the UNHCR Handbook in the pursuit of autonomous meaning

Express words and the limits to interpretation

Interpretation in the face of ambiguity or obscurity

The ‘living instrument’ approach

Conclusion

Bibliography

Index

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