The Governance of Genetic Information :Who Decides? ( Cambridge Law, Medicine and Ethics )

Publication subTitle :Who Decides?

Publication series :Cambridge Law, Medicine and Ethics

Author: Heather Widdows;Caroline Mullen;  

Publisher: Cambridge University Press‎

Publication year: 2009

E-ISBN: 9781316925225

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780521509916

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780521509916

Subject: D90 theory of law (jurisprudence);D91 Legal departments

Keyword: 法律

Language: ENG

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Description

This volume suggests alternative ethical frameworks and models of regulation relating to the governance of genetic information. This volume maps the areas of ethical concern in the debate regarding the governance of genetic information, and suggests alternative ethical frameworks and models of regulation in order to inform its restructuring. This volume maps the areas of ethical concern in the debate regarding the governance of genetic information, and suggests alternative ethical frameworks and models of regulation in order to inform its restructuring. This volume maps the areas of ethical concern in the debate regarding the governance of genetic information, and suggests alternative ethical frameworks and models of regulation in order to inform its restructuring. Genetic governance is at the heart of medical and scientific developments, and is connected to global exploitation, issues of commodification, commercialisation and ownership, the concepts of property and intellectual property and concerns about individual and communal identity. Thus the decisions that are made in the next few years about appropriate models of genetic governance will have knock-on effects for other areas of governance. In short the final answer to 'Who Decides?' in the context of genetic governance will fundamentally shape the ethical constructs of individuals and their networks and relationships in the public sphere. Introduction Heather Widdows and Caroline Mullen; Section I. Problematising Governance of Genetic Information: 1. The medium and the message: tissue samples, genetic information and data protection legislation Neil C. Manson; 2. Me, myself, I: against narcissism in the governance of genetic information Søren Holm; 3. Decisions, consent and expectations of the individual Caroline Mullen; Section II. Ethical Frameworks of Governance: 4. Constructing communal models of governance: collectives of individuals or distinct ethical loci? Heather Widdows; 5. Rights, responsibility and stewardship: beyond consent Roger Brownsword; 6. Who decides what? Relational ethics, genetics and well-being Sarah Wilson; Section III. Redesigning Governance: 7. Involving publics in biobank governance: moving beyond existing approaches Kathryn G. Hunter and Graeme T. Laurie; 8. Genetic information and public opinion Andrew Edgar; 9. Harmonisation and standardisation in ethics and governance: Conceptual and practical challenges Ruth Chadwick and Heather Strange.

Chapter

SECTION I Problematising governance of genetic information

1 The medium and the message: tissue samples, genetic information and data protection legislation

Human tissue and data protection

What is information?

What is genetic information?

Data subjects' rights and objective genetic information

Images, x-rays and data protection

Privacy, information and consent-centred regulation

Conclusion

2 Me, myself, I – against narcissism in the governance of genetic information

Two unhelpful approaches

Three idealised positions

The arguments for the patient/client as primary controller

The arguments for the family

The argument for the state

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

3 Decisions, consent and expectations of the individual

Justifying absence of expectation

Donor interests

Control of interests

Protection from bad practice

Individual responsibilities and important people

Significant interest in life

Individual responsibility

Participant objections, medical demands and the force of equality

Is there an obligation not to donate?

Working out how your genetic resources should be used

Conclusion

SECTION II Ethical frameworks of governance

4 Constructing communal models of governance: collectives of individuals or distinct ethical loci?

The problems of individualism in bioethics

The global failure of individual models

The move towards communal models

Constructing groups and their rights

Assessing the corporate model

Protecting individuals and corporate groups

Assessing the collective model

Applying group models to bioethics

Conclusion

5 Rights, responsibility and stewardship: beyond consent

Overstating constraint

Consent in a community of rights

Caricature and the Fallacy of Necessity

Understating rights-based responsibility

Positive responsibilities

State stewardship

Conclusion

6 Who decides what? Relational ethics, genetics and well-being

The ethic of care and the care perspective

Enhancement technologies

Emerging trends

Reciprocity

Mutuality

Solidarity

Alternative principles

SECTION III redesigning governance

7 Involving publics in biobank governance: moving beyond existing approaches

UK Biobank and its Ethics and Governance Council

UK Biobank consultations

The shareholder approach: from consultation to representation

A shareholder approach: practical issues

A shareholder approach: conceptual issues

The stakeholder approach – from representation to participation

Identifying stakeholders

Involving stakeholders

The stakeholder participation strategy

The stakeholder involvement strategy

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

8 Genetic information and public opinion

Genetic information and biobanks

Public consultation

The Habermasian public sphere

Genetic information and the DNA mystique

Complexity

Mystique

Conclusion

9 Harmonisation and standardisation in ethics and governance: conceptual and practical challenges

Is harmonisation in ethics possible?

Approaches to harmonisation

Threefold typology

Necessary conditions model

Human rights model

Dialogue approach

Summary

Standards

Conclusion

Acknowledgement

Bibliography

Index

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