Economic Autonomy and Democracy :Hybrid Regimes in Russia and Kyrgyzstan

Publication subTitle :Hybrid Regimes in Russia and Kyrgyzstan

Author: Kelly M. McMann;  

Publisher: Cambridge University Press‎

Publication year: 2006

E-ISBN: 9781316972106

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780521857611

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780521857611

Subject: D521 political system

Keyword: 政治、法律

Language: ENG

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Description

This book examines how individuals decide to exercise their democratic rights, taking examples from Russia and Kyrgyzstan. In deciding whether to exercise their democratic rights, individuals first consider if they can risk government harassment at their workplaces. In this book, colorful accounts of activists' decisions and government harassment in Russia and Kyrgyzstan and examples from around the world illustrate this argument. In deciding whether to exercise their democratic rights, individuals first consider if they can risk government harassment at their workplaces. In this book, colorful accounts of activists' decisions and government harassment in Russia and Kyrgyzstan and examples from around the world illustrate this argument. How do individuals decide to exercise their democratic rights? This book argues that they first assess their economic autonomy, meaning their ability to make a living independent of government authorities. Before individuals consider whether their resources and organizational abilities are adequate to act on their interests, they calculate the risk of political activism to their livelihood. This is particularly evident in regions of the world where states monopolize the economy and thus can readily harass activists at their workplaces. Economic autonomy links capitalism and democracy through individuals' calculations about activism. Accounts of activists' decisions about establishing independent media, leading political organizations, and running for office and descriptions of government harassment in Russia and Kyrgyzstan, along with examples from most regions of the world, illustrate these arguments. Economic autonomy and the interaction among democratic rights help explain the global proliferation of hybrid regimes, governments that display both democratic and authoritarian characteristics. 1. Capitalism, democracy, and economic autonomy; 2. The concept of economic autonomy; 3. Measurement of democracy; 4. Activism under the state's thumb; 5. Illustrations of economic autonomy; 6. Hybrid regimes. Review of the hardback: 'The strength of this study lies rather on the firsthand and close-grained examination that it undertakes of the relationship, based on periods of fieldwork in both societies and on more than 200 interviews with activists as well as a wide range of other sources.' Europe-Asia Studies

Chapter

The Investigation

Russia and Kyrgyzstan

Four Regions

Outside the Former Soviet Union

Outline of the Book

2 The Concept of Economic Autonomy

Personal Economic Autonomy

Environmental Economic Autonomy

Economic Autonomy as a Theoretical Framework

The Foremost Factor

A Territorial Dimension

A Bridge between Approaches

3 Measurement of Democracy

A Definition of Democracy

A Model of Interaction

Democracy Operationalized

Measures

Sources of Information

4 Activism under the State's Thumb

Distinguishing Guarantees

Alternative Sources of Information

Freedom to Form and Join Organizations

Eligibility for Public Office

Right of Political Leaders to Compete for Support

nondistinguishing guarantees

Freedom of Expression

Right to Vote

Free and Fair Elections

Institutions for Making Government Policies Depend on Preferences

interaction among the guarantees

5 Illustrations of Economic Autonomy

Economic Autonomy in the Four Provinces

Professions of Current and Former Activists

Accounts of Current and Former Activists

Protection for Opposition Media

Behavior of Financial Supporters

Provincial Characteristics

Economic Autonomy Over Time

Economic Changes

Institutional Changes

Economic Autonomy Outside the Former Soviet Union

6 Hybrid Regimes

A Proliferation of Hybrid Regimes

Interventionist States and Interactive Guarantees

Strong on Participation, Weak on Contestation

Promotion of Democracy

Appendix A: Description of Surveys

respondents

survey structure

reliability and validity

Reliability

Validity

results

Appendix B: Alternative Explanations

political opportunity structures

institutions

leadership

international promotion of democracy

Appendix C: List of Interviews

Appendix D: Measurement of Eight Guarantees of Democracy

alternative sources of information

freedom to form and join organizations

eligibility for public office and right of political leaders to compete for support

freedom of expression and right to vote

free and fair elections

institutions for making government policies depend on voters’ preferences

References

English Language Sources

Foreign Language (Kyrgyz, Russian, Uzbek)

index

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