Cooperating for Peace and Security :Evolving Institutions and Arrangements in a Context of Changing U.S. Security Policy

Publication subTitle :Evolving Institutions and Arrangements in a Context of Changing U.S. Security Policy

Author: Bruce D. Jones;Shepard Forman;Richard Gowan;  

Publisher: Cambridge University Press‎

Publication year: 2009

E-ISBN: 9781316960714

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780521889476

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780521889476

Subject: D815.5 international security issues, international terrorism, counter - narcotics activities in the

Keyword: 法律

Language: ENG

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Description

This book shows that US interests have shaped institutions, but other states have also driven reforms without US support. Cooperating for Peace and Security is a comprehensive survey of multilateral security cooperation since 1989, with essays by leading experts on topics from humanitarianism to nuclear security. It shows that US interests have shaped institutions - but other states have also driven reforms without US support. Cooperating for Peace and Security is a comprehensive survey of multilateral security cooperation since 1989, with essays by leading experts on topics from humanitarianism to nuclear security. It shows that US interests have shaped institutions - but other states have also driven reforms without US support. Cooperating for Peace and Security attempts to understand - more than fifteen years after the end of the Cold War, seven years after 9/11, and in the aftermath of the failure of the United Nations (UN) reform initiative - the relationship between US security interests and the factors that drove the evolution of multilateral security arrangements from 1989 to the present. Chapters cover a range of topics - including the UN, US multilateral cooperation, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), nuclear nonproliferation, European and African security institutions, conflict mediation, counterterrorism initiatives, international justice and humanitarian cooperation - examining why certain changes have taken place and the factors that have driven them and evaluating whether they have led to a more effective international system and what this means for facing future challenges. Part I. Framework: 1. Introduction: 'two worlds' of international security Bruce Jones and Shepard Forman; 2. 'The mission determines the coalition': the United States and multilateral cooperation after 9/11 Stewart Patrick; 3. UN transformation in an era of soft balancing Stephen John Stedman; Part II. Adapting Cold War Institutions: 4. An evolving UN Security Council David Malone; 5. Too many institutions? European security cooperation after the Cold War Richard Gowan and Sara Batmanglich; 6. Whither NATO? Mats Berdal and David Ucko; 7. The evolution of nuclear non-proliferation institutions Christine Wing; 8. 9/11, the 'war on terror' and the evolution of counter-terrorism institutions Eric Rosand and Sebastian von Einsiedel; 9. Evolution and innovation: biological and chemical weapons Fiona Simpson; Part III. New Tools, New Mechanisms: 10. Normative evolution at the UN: impact on operational activities Ian Johnstone; 11. Constructing sovereignty for security Barnett R. Rubin; 12. New arrangements for peace negotiation Teresa Whitfield; 13. International humanitarian cooperation: aiding war's victims in a shifting strategic environment Abby Stoddard; 14. The evolution of regional and sub-regional collective security mechanisms in post-Cold War Africa Sarjoh Bah; 15. International courts and tribunals Cesare Romano; Part IV. Conclusions: 16. Conclusion: international institutions and the problems of adaptation Richard Gowan and Bruce Jones. 'This volume provides a uniquely detailed and wide-ranging survey of international institutions and security cooperation since the end of the Cold War. It will become a standard point of reference in debates about the US and multilateralism in a changing world.' Kemal Dervis, Vice President and Director of Global Economy and Development, The Brookings Institution and former Executive Head of UNDP

Chapter

Conclusion: three worlds of multilateralism

2 “The Mission Determines the Coalition”: The United States and Multilateral Cooperation after 9/11

The wellsprings of american ambivalence

Power

Political Culture

The Separation of Powers

George w. bush: the first eight months

The New Approach Rested on Several Convictions

The impact of 9/11

Avoiding caricature

Declaring and waging the “global war on terrorism”

Downgrading nato

The axis of evil

Doctrinal innovation: the national security strategy of 2002

The united states, the un, and iraq

The aftermath: negotiating a un role in postwar iraq

The united states and the future of the un

Nonproliferation: opting out and ad hoc arrangements

Striking a judicious balance among forms of multilateralism

3 UN Transformation in an Era of Soft Balancing

Globalization and collective security

Security council reform

Results, 2003–2006

Evaluating mixed results

Final thoughts

II Adapting Cold War Institutions

4 An Evolving UN Security Council

Introduction – the p5 in firm control

Council Dynamics

U.S.–UN Relations

Structure of the Chapter

The nature of the conflicts addressed by the council and of its decisions

Internal Conflicts and the Challenge of Compliance

Enforcement: Resort to Chapter VII

Some drivers of council decision making

The Humanitarian Imperative

Human Rights

Democratization

New fields of council endeavor, new approaches, and concerns relating thereto

A More Legal and Regulatory Approach

The Fight against Terrorism

A Warning Siren: The Imperial Security Council

The Security Council and Transnational Crime

The security council and the development of international criminal law

Conclusions: council decisions and conceptions of sovereignty

5 Too Many Institutions? European Security Cooperation after the Cold War

Introduction: a war of institutions

Institutional pluralism ascendant: the post–cold war settlement and balkan wars

Institutional pluralism fails: nato expansion

Iraq: failure or prelude to greater pluralism?

Pluralism at work: africa, lebanon, and iran

Conclusion

6 Whither NATO

Nato in afghanistan: the beginning of the end or the end of the beginning?

Outline and argument in brief

I. The nature of nato as an alliance: sources of continuity and change

NATO as an Alliance of Equals

An Unequal Alliance: America and NATO

Limited Common and Deployable Assets

II. Nato's post–cold war transformation: achievements and limitations

The Roots and Course of Transformation

Enduring Challenges

Pushing in the Wrong Direction

The NRF: A Symptom of Malaise

III. Nato's role in international peace and security

7 The Evolution of Nuclear Nonproliferation Institutions

The nuclear nonproliferation regime: an overview

The NPT, the IAEA, and the Security Council

Big Picture Changes

1990–2001: the defining decade

New Progress on the Old Agenda: NPT Consolidation

Challenges: The Roots of Change

The U.S. Role, 1990–2001

September 2001 to the end of 2006

From 9/11 to the Invasion of Iraq

From the Invasion of Iraq to the End of 2006

The U.S. Role

Conclusions

Periodization

Institutional Implications

The U.S. Role

Systemwide

8 9/11, the War on Terror, and the Evolution of Multilateral Institutions

The un security council

The un secretariat, the general assembly, and the prospects of transformation

Terrorist Financing

Intelligence and law enforcement cooperation

Nato and military cooperation

International criminal tribunals

Prospects for a new counterterrorism organization

9 Evolution and Innovation: Biological and Chemical Weapons

The biological weapons convention

Overview and Early History

The Cold War Years: 1976–1990

The Post–Cold War Regime: a Study in Contradiction (1991–2000)

The End of the Road: The Failure of the Protocol and Post–9/11

Conclusions

The chemical weapons convention

The Chemical Weapons Convention: Overview and Early History

The End of the Cold War and Conclusion of the Convention (1989–1993)

The CWC's First Few Years: The Decline of U.S. Leadership

Conclusions

III New Tools, New Mechanisms

10 Normative Evolution at the UN: Impact on Operational Activities

Norms in international relations theory

Do Norms Matter?

The U.S. Role in Promoting Norms

Responsibility to protect

Origins of the Norm

Impact of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) on Peace Operations

Impact of R2P on Other Operational Activities

Democratic governance

Democracy as an International Norm

Impact of the Democracy Norm on Peace Operations

Impact of the Democracy Norm on Other Operational Activities

Counterterrorism

The Normative Framework for Counterterrorism

Impact of Counterterrorism Agenda on Peace Operations

Impact on Other Operational Activities

How durable are the norms?

Conclusion

11 Constructing Sovereignty for Security

From imperialism to peacebuilding

Peacebuilding and stabilization

Internationalized statebuilding

Coercion and security

Public finance, assistance, capital accumulation

Legitimacy, transitional governance, and democracy

Politics of statebuilding

12 New Arrangements for Peace Negotiation

Peacemaking after the cold war

Uncharted territory

Where friends are found

Un peacemaking

Elements for success

Into the future

13 International Humanitarian Cooperation: Aiding War's Victims in a Shifting Strategic Environment

The distinctive nature and functioning of the humanitarian sector

The post–cold war humanitarian era: a leaderless system undergoes growth, crisis, and early reform

Second phase reform: new institutions and growing state involvement

IDPs and R2P – How the Idea of Protecting Civilians within States Has Influenced the Humanitarian Endeavor

The Dawn of the “Good Donor”

“Friends” Groups

New Financing Mechanisms

Outside the Club: “Nontraditional Donors” and Different Visions of Humanitarian Aid

Punching beneath its weight? u.s. engagement in the humanitarian institutions

Taking a lead humanitarian role on the world stage: britain as institutional driver and innovator

Humanitarian action in the post–9/11 environment

Rhetorical Shifts

Changes in the U.S. Aid Architecture

Funding Patterns

Conclusion: a functional humanitarianism

14 The Evolution of Regional and Subregional Collective Security Mechanisms in Post–Cold War Africa

The security discourse in africa

Paradigm Shift

The economic community of west african states

The Protocols on Nonaggression and Mutual Assistance on Defense

A New Mechanism for Conflict Prevention

ECOWAS in Togo and Guinea

Carrots and Sticks

The southern african development community

The Organ on Politics, Defense, and Security

The african union

The Constitutive Act: An Interventionist Regime

The Peace and Security Council (PSC)

U.s. policy in africa

Presidential Decision Directive 25 (PDD-25)

The Africa Crisis Response Initiative

The Africa Contingency Training Assistance

Global Peace Operations Initiative

Conclusion

15 International Courts and Tribunals

Evolution, adaptation, attitudes, and behaviors

The International Court of Justice

Human Rights Courts

International Criminal Courts

Conclusions

IV Conclusions

16 Conclusion: International Institutions and the Problems of Adaptation

Index

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