Chapter
Chapter 2 SCHOOL MEALS PROGRAMS AND OTHER USDA CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS: A PRIMER*
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND
Authorization and Reauthorization
Federal, State, and Local Administration
Open-Ended, Appropriated Entitlement Funding
State, Local, and Participant Funds
Child Nutrition Programs at a Glance
Related Resources on Child Nutrition Programs and Policies
School Meals Eligibility Rules
Categorical Eligibility for Free Meals
Community Eligibility Provision: An Option for Eligible Schools to Offer Free Meals to All Enrolled Students36
National School Lunch Program (NSLP): Program-Specific Data and Policies
School Breakfast Program (SBP): Program-Specific Data and Policies
OTHER CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS
Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP)
Eligibility and Administration
Eligibility and Reimbursement
Summer Food Service Program (SFSP)
Eligibility and Administration
Special Milk Program (SMP)
Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program (FFVP)
SUPPORT FOR AFTER-SCHOOL MEALS AND SNACKS: CACFP, NSLP OPTIONS
RELATED PROGRAMS, INITIATIVES, AND SUPPORT ACTIVITIES54
SELECTED CURRENT ISSUES IN THE USDA CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS
Updated Nutrition Standards for Lunch and Breakfast (Final Rule, January 26, 2012)62
Nutrition Standards for All Foods Sold in Schools (Interim Final Rule, June 28, 2013)69
Updated Nutrition Standards for CACFP (Proposed Rule, January 9, 2015)71
APPENDIX A. ACRONYMS USED IN THIS REPORT
APPENDIX B. PER-MEAL OR PER-SNACK REIMBURSEMENT RATES FOR CHILD NUTRITION PROGRAMS75
Chapter 3 SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (SNAP): A PRIMER ON ELIGIBILITY AND BENEFITS
The Traditional Path to Eligibility
Income and SNAP Deductions
Work-Related Eligibility Requirements
In All States: Overview of Work-Related Requirements in SNAP
Varies By State: SNAP Employment and Training (E&T) Required Participation, Services Available
Individuals Ineligible for SNAP
SNAP Benefits Under Special Eligibility Rules
Disaster Benefits (“D-SNAP”)
Benefit Amounts (Allotments)
Maximum Monthly Allotments
Calculation of a Household’s Monthly Benefit
Items That May Be Purchased With SNAP Benefits
SNAP-Authorized Retailers
Chapter 4 SNAP AND RELATED NUTRITION PROVISIONS OF THE 2014 FARM BILL (P.L. 113-79)*
113TH CONGRESS LEGISLATIVE TIMELINE OF THE REAUTHORIZATION OF SNAP AND RELATED PROGRAMS8
June 10, 2013: Senate Passes Farm Bill (S. 954), Including Nutrition Title
June 20, 2013: House Defeats Farm Bill (H.R. 1947), Including Nutrition Title
July 11, 2013: House Passes Farm Bill (H.R. 2642), Excluding Nutrition Title
July 18, 2013: Senate Moves to Go to Conference
September 19, 2013: House Passes Nutrition-Only Bill (H.R. 3102)
September 28, 2013: House Formulates Conference Proposal (H.R. 2642 + H.R. 3102), Including Nutrition Title
October 1, 2013 through January 27, 2014: Conference Deliberations
January 27, 2014, through February 7, 2014: Conference Report Introduction, Passage, and Enactment
SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (SNAP): SELECTED 2014 FARM BILL ISSUES11
SNAP Authorization and Appropriations
2014 Farm Bill: SNAP Reauthorized Through FY2018
SNAP Eligibility: Categorical Eligibility
Background and Current Law
2014 Farm Bill: No Changes to Categorical Eligibility
SNAP Eligibility: Work and Work-Related Rules
In All States: Overview of SNAP Work-Related Requirements
Varies by State: SNAP Employment and Training (E&T) Required Participation, Services Available
2014 Farm Bill: Maintains Current Law, Adds and Funds Work-Related Pilot Program, Requires E&T Reporting
Senate Proposal—Proposed No Changes to Work Rules
House Proposal—Proposed Four Approaches to Changing Work Rules
SNAP Eligibility: Other Disqualifications
College Students; Lottery Winners
2014 Farm Bill: Identical Changes for College Students’ and Lottery Winners’ Disqualification
Drug Testing for Applicants and Participants36
2014 Farm Bill: Did Not Add a Drug Testing Requirement
2014 Farm Bill: Disqualifies Additional Ex-Offenders if They Are Not Compliant with the Terms of Their Sentence
SNAP Benefit Calculation41
Standard Utility Allowances and the Treatment of LIHEAP Benefits42
Prior Law: Receipt of Less than $20 of LIHEAP Can Increase Benefit Amounts
2014 Farm Bill: Requires a LIHEAP Payment of Greater than $20 to Trigger a Standard Utility Allowance
Medical Marijuana and Excess Medical Expense Deduction
2014 Farm Bill: Requires USDA to Promulgate Regulations on the Exclusion of Medical Marijuana from Excess Medical Expense Calculation
SNAP-Authorized Retailers and Benefit Redemption Issues
Definition of Retail Food Store: Store Inventory and EBT Service
2014 Farm Bill: Requirements to Carry a Greater Variety of Foods, Before Accepting SNAP
Electronic Benefit Transfer Equipment and Manual Vouchers
2014 Farm Bill: Requires Retailers to Purchase EBT Machinery, Further Limits Manual Vouchers
New Technology for EBT Redemption
2014 Farm Bill: Authorizes Technology Modernization Demonstration Projects That Could Lead to More Permanent Authorization
2014 Farm Bill: CSAs and Certain Grocery Delivery Services to Accept SNAP, Changes to Restaurant Meal Program
2014 Farm Bill: New Trafficking Funding, Replacement Card Measures
Other SNAP Funding, Policies
SNAP Performance Bonuses for State Agencies
2014 Farm Bill: Retains Performance Award Program, but Requires Reinvestment
Nutrition Education and Obesity Prevention Grant Program
2014 Farm Bill: No Change to Funding Level, Broadens Use of Funds
2014 Farm Bill: Reauthorizes Local Foods Pilot, Authorizes Feasibility Study
Programs in Puerto Rico, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands
2014 Farm Bill: Phases out Puerto Rico’s Provision of Cash; SNAP Pilot in CNMI
COMMODITY DISTRIBUTION PROGRAMS
The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP)
2014 Farm Bill: Increases Entitlement Commodities Funding, Makes Funds Available for Two Years
COMMODITY SUPPLEMENTAL FOOD PROGRAM (CSFP)
2014 Farm Bill: Reauthorizes CSFP as a Seniors-Only Program
Commodity Foods in School Meals
2014 Farm Bill: Added Additional Options for Commodity Foods
OTHER FARM BILL NUTRITION PROGRAM PROVISIONS
APPENDIX A. DETAILED CBO COST ESTIMATES AND ALL-SECTIONS SUMMARY
Detailed CBO Cost Estimates
APPENDIX B. COMPARISON OF THE ENACTED 2014 FARM BILL (P.L. 113-79) NUTRITION TITLE TO THE NUTRITION TITLES OF THE 2013 CONFERENCE PROPOSALS AND PRIOR LAW
U.S. Domestic Food and Nutrition Assistance: Policies and Programs
( Hunger and Poverty: Causes, Impacts and Eradication )
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