Contents

Acknowledgments

Notes on Translators

List of Contributors

Introduction

Emanuele Sica

Part 1

1940–1943: Occupations

Chapter 1

Allied with the Enemy: the Italian Occupation of Yugoslavia (1941–43)

Eric Gobetti

Chapter 2

The Military Court of Cettigne During the Italian Occupation of Montenegro (1941–1943)

Federico Goddi

Chapter 3

The Italian Occupation of Crete During the Second World War

Paolo Fonzi

Chapter 4

Italian Governing Apparatuses in Occupied France, 1940–1943

Niall MacGalloway

Part 2

1943–1945: The Other War: Fighting the Germans

Chapter 5

The Regio Esercito in Co-Belligerency, October 1943–April 1945

Richard Carrier

Chapter 6

The Italian Regio Esercito Co-Belligerent Soldiering, 1943–1945: A Grassroots Perspective

Nicolò Da Lio

Chapter 7

Multi-National Special Operators: The San Marco Marines, the Italian Partisans, and Allied Armies in Italy, 1943–45

Cindy Brown

Part 3

Fascism bis, Resistance, and Civil War

Chapter 8

War of Resistance and Resistance to War: Scenes of the History of the Guerrilla War

Luca Baldissara

Chapter 9

From Fascism to the Italian Civil War: The Republican Fascist’s Identity from 1943 to 1945

Amedeo Osti Guerrazzi

Chapter 10

Fighting Women: The Case of the Italian Social Republic 1943–45

Federico Ciavattone

Chapter 11

Punishing the Fascists: An Intense Debate During the Italian Civil War

Andrea Martini

Part 4

Ethnic Identities and Legacies of Violence

Chapter 12

“We Istrians Do Very Well in Russia”: Istrian Combatants, Fascist Propaganda, and Brutalization on the Eastern Front

Nicolas G. Virtue

Chapter 13 

Fighting Alongside the Allies in Italy: The War of Soldiers of Italian Descent Against the Land of Their Ancestors

Matteo Pretelli and Francesco Fusi

Chapter 14

Justice Delayed, Justice Denied: The Punishment of War Crimes Committed in Italy by the Germans After 8 September 1943

Paolo Pezzino

Epilogue

Richard Carrier

Select Bibliography

Index