‎Contents

‎Acknowledgements

‎Chapter 1. Introduction

‎1.1. 13 December 1886

‎1.2. The Amsterdam Research Project and Its Historical Approach

‎1.3. The Dutch Movement of Conjectural Criticism

‎1.4. Holwerda as Father of the Dutch Movement

‎1.5. The Dutch Movement of Conjectural Criticism and Dutch Radical Criticism

‎1.6. The Relevance of Holwerda

‎1.7. Holwerda and Nineteenth-Century New Testament Conjectural Criticism in Scholarship

‎1.8. Research Aims

‎1.9. Research Questions, Outline, Methods

‎1.10. Miscellaneous

‎Chapter 2. The Sitz im Leben of Holwerda’s New Testament Conjectural Criticism

‎2.1. Introduction

‎2.2. Early Years (1805--1830)

‎2.3. Ministry (1831--1872)

‎2.4. Emendationum Flavianarum specimen (1847) and the Leiden Radical School

‎2.4.1. Emendationum Flavianarum specimen

‎2.4.2. Rise of the Leiden Radical School

‎2.4.3. Characteristics of the Leiden Radical School

‎2.4.4. The Apogee of the Leiden Radical School: Cobet

‎2.5. In Contact with Cobet (from 1847 Onwards)

‎2.6. Rejected by van Hengel (1849--1851)

‎2.6.1. Hamaker’s Observation

‎2.6.2. Holwerda’s Essay

‎2.6.3. Interpretation

‎2.7. Van Hengel’s Proeve (1852)

‎2.8. Betrekking (1853): A Programmed New Testament ‘Debut’

‎2.8.1. The Title

‎2.8.2. Criticism of New Testament Scholarship

‎2.8.3. The New Testament Passages in Betrekking and Proeve

‎2.8.4. Betrekking as the Outcome of a Long Process

‎2.8.5. Criticism of Betrekking

‎2.9. Praise and Friendship (from 1853 Onwards)

‎2.10. Aanteekeningen (1853) and “Opmerkingen” (1854)

‎2.11. Bijdragen (1855)

‎2.12. Discredited in Godgeleerde bijdragen (1855)

‎2.12.1. Holwerda Popular among Conservatives

‎2.12.2. The Review in Godgeleerde bijdragen

‎2.12.3. Antipathy towards New Testament Conjectural Emendation?

‎2.12.4. Holwerda’s Response

‎2.13. Polemic with Peerlkamp (1855--1856)

‎2.13.1. Opmerkingen

‎2.13.2. Holwerda’s First Response

‎2.13.3. Babel-Like Confusion

‎2.13.4. A Pleasant Discussion

‎2.13.5. Holwerda’s Reputation

‎2.14. Romans 9:5 (1858--1859)

‎2.15. Review of Tischendorf’s Septima (1860)

‎2.16. Troubles with Cobet (Rift in 1862)

‎2.16.1. Cobet Thwarting Holwerda

‎2.16.2. Holwerda Annoyed

‎2.16.3. The Rift

‎2.16.4. Interpretation

‎2.17. The Last Two Decades (1866--1886)

‎2.18. Conclusion

‎Chapter 3. Theoretical Aspects of Holwerda’s New Testament Conjectural Criticism

‎3.1. Introduction

‎3.2. Background

‎3.2.1. Introduction

‎3.2.2. Griesbach

‎3.2.3. Lachmann

‎3.2.4. Tischendorf

‎3.3. General Text-Critical Method

‎3.4. The Role of Exegesis in Textual Criticism (Contra Tischendorf)

‎3.5. Best Manuscripts

‎3.5.1. Bekker’s Short Cut and the Luxury Problem of New Testament Manuscripts

‎3.5.2. Holwerda’s ‘Diplomatic’ Investigation

‎3.5.3. Holwerda’s Mirror Image: Tregelles

‎3.6. Conjectural Emendation

‎3.6.1. Argumentation in Betrekking

‎3.6.2. Argumentation in Bijdragen and “Tischendorf”

‎3.6.3. No Relation to Earlier New Testament Conjectural Criticism

‎3.7. Conclusion

‎Chapter 4. Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Holwerda’s New Testament Conjectures

‎4.1. Introduction

‎4.2. Quantitative Analysis

‎4.2.1. Introduction

‎4.2.2. Holwerda’s Conjectures as Distributed over His Writings and over the Biblical Books

‎4.2.3. Holwerda’s Conjectures Classified according to Problems, Causes and Operations

‎4.2.3.1. The Classification

‎4.2.3.2. Holwerda’s Conjectures Classified

‎4.3. Qualitative Analysis

‎4.3.1. Introduction

‎4.3.2. Passage-Related (Content) Problems

‎4.3.2.1. Introduction

‎4.3.2.2. Addition as Solution

‎4.3.2.3. Omission as Solution

‎4.3.2.4. Substitution as Solution 1: Form Change

‎4.3.2.5. Substitution as Solution 2: Similar Word

‎4.3.2.6. Two-Track Solutions

‎4.3.3. Philological Problems

‎4.3.3.1. Introduction

‎4.3.3.2. Confusion of εἰς and ἐν

‎4.3.3.2.1. Problematic εἰς

‎4.3.3.2.2. Problematic ἐν

‎4.3.3.2.3. Interpretation

‎4.3.3.3. Confusion of Indicative and Subjunctive

‎4.3.3.3.1. Problematic Indicatives

‎4.3.3.3.2. Problematic Subjunctives

‎4.3.3.3.3. Interpretation

‎4.3.3.4. Ἐμέ Expected, με Transmitted

‎4.3.3.5. Κἄν for καί

‎4.3.3.6. Lexical Problems

‎4.3.3.7. Syntactical Problems

‎4.3.3.8. Other Philological Problems

‎4.3.4. Other Problems

‎4.3.4.1. Passage-Related (Style) Problems

‎4.3.4.2. Stemmatic Problems

‎4.3.4.3. An Author-Related (Content) and an Extraneous Problem: Mark 1:1--3

‎4.3.5. A Cause Group of Conjectures: Omission of Supposed Glosses

‎4.3.5.1. General

‎4.3.5.2. Holwerda’s Conjecture on 2Cor 3:3 in the History of Scholarship

‎4.3.6. Semi-conjectures

‎4.3.7. A Special Case: Holwerda Anticipating the ECM Conjecture on 2Pet 3:10

‎4.4. Conclusion

‎Chapter 5. Conclusion

‎5.1. Three Paradoxes

‎5.2. Future Research

‎5.3. Epilogue

‎Appendix 1. Overview of Holwerda’s Conjectures

‎Appendix 2. Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus: An Underestimated Uncial

‎Bibliography

‎1. Holwerda’s Publications

‎2. Holwerda’s Correspondence

‎From Holwerda

‎To Holwerda

‎Neither from nor to Holwerda

‎3. New Testament Editions and Bible Translations

‎4. Editions and Translations of Other Ancient Works

‎5. Other Sources

‎Index of Names

‎Ancient Names

‎Modern Names

‎Index of Ancient Writings

‎New Testament

‎Hebrew Bible

‎Other Ancient Writings