Contents

Contributors

Foreword

Preface

I. Evolutionary Biology of Microbial-Host Interactions

1. Evolution of Bacterial-Host Interactions: Virulence and the Immune Overresponse

2. Collective Traits in Pathogenic Bacteria

3. Epidemiological and Evolutionary Dynamics of Pathogens

4. Environmental and Social Influences on Infectious Diseases

5. Human Genome Diversity: a Host Genomic Perspective of Host-Pathogen Interactions and Infectious Diseases

6. Human Interventions on the Evolution of Host-Bacterium Interactions

7. Effects of Immune Selection on Population Structure of Bacteria

8. Evolution of Normal Intestinal Microbiota and Its Pathogenic Implications

9. Evolution of Bacterial Opportunistic Pathogens

10. Multilocus Models of Bacterial Population Genetics

11. A Host View of the Fungal Cell Wall

II. Evolutionary Genetics of Microbial Pathogens

12. Genome Architecture and Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens

13. Evolution of Genomic Islands and Evolution of Pathogenicity

14. Evolution of Integrons and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance

15. Evolution of Plasmids and Evolution of Virulence and Antibiotic-Resistance Plasmids

16. Phage-Shaping Evolution of Bacterial Pathogenicity and Resistance

17. Emergence, Spread, and Extinction of Pathogenic Bacterial Clones

18. Specific Chromosome Alterations of Candida albicans: Mechanisms for Adaptation to Pathogenicity

19. Evolution of a Mating System Uniquely Dependent upon Switching and Pathogenesis in Candida albicans

20. Mechanisms of Variation in Microbial Pathogenesis

III. Evolutionary Biology of Drug Resistance

21. Modularization and Evolvability in Antibiotic Resistance

22. Epidemiology and Evolution of Beta-Lactamases

23. Epidemiology and Evolution of Quinolone Resistance

24. Evolution of Glycopeptide Resistance

25. Emergence and Evolution of Antifungal Resistance

26. Effects of Antibiotic Resistance on Bacterial Fitness, Virulence, and Transmission

27. Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance by Hypermutation

28. Multiple Stages in the Evolution of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

IV. Evolutionary Pathogenicity of Gram-Negative Bacteria

29. Evolution of Salmonella and Salmonella Infections

30. Evolution of Vibrio cholerae and Cholera Epidemics

31. Evolution of Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus Infections

32. Evolution of Pathogenic Yersinia

33. Evolution of Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis as Deduced from Comparative Genome Analyses

34. Genomic View on the Evolution of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

35. Evolution of Shigella and Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli

36. Evolution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pathogenicity: from Acute to Chronic Infections

37. Evolution of Helicobacter and Helicobacter Infections

38. Evolution of Legionella pneumophila Icm/Dot Pathogenesis System

39. Evolution of Neisseria and Neisseria Infections

40. Molecular Evolution of Chlamydiales

V. Evolutionary Pathogenicity of Gram-Positive and Related Bacteria

41. Evolution of Listeria monocytogenes

42. Evolutionary Biology of Pathogenic Enterococci

43. Evolution of Bacillus anthracis, Causative Agent of Anthrax

44. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Virulence and Evolution

45. Evolution of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Mycoplasmal Infections

46. The Pneumococcus: Population Biology and Virulence

VI. Evolutionary Pathogenicity of Pathogenic Fungi

47. Evolution of Pathogenic Candida Species

48. Pathogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformans: an Evolutionary Perspective

49. Aspergillus as a Human Pathogen: an Evolutionary Perspective

Key Words in Evolutionary Biology

Index

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z