Chapter
PHYSIOLOGIC HURDLES TO XENOTRANSPLANTATION
XENOTRANSPLANTATION AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
LIVER-ASSIST DEVICES AND LIVER PERFUSION
PROSPECTS FOR CLINICAL APPLICATION OF XENOTRANSPLANTATION
Chapter 2 Coming to Terms with Reality: Why Xenotransplantation Is a Necessity
THE CONCEPTS OF NEED, DEMAND, AND SUPPLY
NEED AND DEMAND ESTIMATES
ORGAN-SPECIFIC SUMMARY ESTIMATES
Section II IMMUNOLOGICAL HURDLES TO XENOTRANSPLANTATION
Chapter 3 The Complement System as a Hurdle to Xenotransplantation
CONTROL OF COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION
BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF COMPLEMENT
ROLE OF COMPLEMENT IN XENOGRAFT REJECTION
COMPLEMENT-MEDIATED MECHANISMS OF TISSUE INJURY IN XENOGRAFT REJECTION
COMPLEMENT AND ACCOMMODATION
INHIBITION OF COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION IN XENOTRANSPLANTATION
Chapter 4 NK Cells as a Barrier to Xenotransplantation
ROLE AND ONTOGENY OF NK CELLS
NK CELLS AS A BARRIER TO XENOTRANSPLANTATION
Chapter 5 Cellular Immune Responses to Xenografts
T-LYMPHOCYTE REACTIVITY: REQUIREMENTS FOR ANTIGEN RECOGNITION AND COSTIMULATION
T-CELL XENOGENEIC RESPONSES IN VITRO
T-CELL XENOGENEIC RESPONSES IN VIVO: DOMINANT INDIRECT CD4 REACTIVITY
NATURAL KILLER (NK) CELLS: A POTENTIAL LINK BETWEEN THE INNATE AND ADAPTIVE XENOGRAFT RESPONSES
XENOGRAFT CELLULAR RESPONSE: IS THE GRAFT PERCEIVED AS AN EXTRACELLULAR PARASITE?
Chapter 6 Therapeutic Strategies for Xenotransplantation
GENETICALLY INBRED AND/OR ENGINEERED PIGSAS XENOTRANSPLANT DONORS
IMMUNE MODULATION OF THE RECIPIENT
Section III IMPACT OF THERAPEUTIC MANIPULATIONS ON THE HOST RESPONSE TO INFECTION
Chapter 7 Manipulation of the Humoral Immune System and the Host Immune Response to Infection
Chapter 8 Complement Regulation and the Host Response to Infection
CONTRIBUTION OF C TO PATHOLOGY
INHIBITION OF C AS A THERAPEUTIC STRATEGY
POTENTIAL NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF THERAPEUTIC INHIBITION OF C
INHIBITION OF C IN THE CONTEXT OF XENOTRANSPLANTATION
POTENTIAL NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF EXPRESSION OF HUMAN C REGULATORS ON XENOGRAFTS
Chapter 9 Recognition of Foreign Antigen and Foreign Major Histocompatibility Complex
T-CELL RESPONSES MEDIATED VIA THE DIRECT RECOGNITION PATHWAY
T-CELL RESPONSES MEDIATED VIA THE INDIRECT RECOGNITION PATHWAY
RECOGNITION OF VIRAL ANTIGENS PRESENT IN XENOGENEIC CELLS
Section IV ZOONOSIS IN XENOTRANSPLANTATION
Chapter 10 Xenotransplantation as a Vector for Infection
DONOR-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS AFTER ALLOTRANSPLANTATION
EXPERIENCES WITH INFECTIONS AFTER XENOTRANSPLANTATION
POTENTIAL FOR XENOZOONOSES
PRETRANSPLANT CONSIDERATIONS OF THE SOURCE ANIMAL
SURVEILLANCE AFTER XENOTRANSPLANTATION
POTENTIAL BENEFITS AND OTHER INFECTIOUS DISEASE ISSUES
Chapter 11 Zoonosis as a Risk to the Xenograft Recipient and to Society: Theoretical Issues
BACKGROUND: XENOTRANSPLANTATION AT THE CUSP OF THE 21ST CENTURY
PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERNS RAISED BY XENOTRANSPLANTATION
ADVANCES IN SCIENCE: ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRUSES
ADVANCES IN UNDERSTANDING: SYNTHESES AND REVffiWS
Chapter 12 Zoonotic Agents in Swine-to-Human Xenotransplants
TRADITIONAL ZOONOTIC ORGANISMS
UNDISCOVERED SWINE-SPECIFIC ORGANISMS
Chapter 13 Retroviruses and Xenotransplantation
PORCINE ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRUSES (PERV)
BENEFIT VERSUS RISK IN XENOTRANSPLANTATION
Chapter 14 Potential Medical Impact of Endogenous Retroviruses
EVOLUTION OF ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRUSES: LESSONS FROM THE PAST
ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRUS AS A POTENTIAL PATHOGEN: THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS
CLINICAL XENOTRANSPLANTATION TRIALS: A LEARNING EXPERIENCE
Chapter 15 Prevention of Infection in Xenotransplantation
BACKGROUND: INFECTION IN ALLOTRANSPLANTATION
LESSONS OF ZOONOTIC EXPOSURES
XENOSIS—NOVEL PATHOGENS IN XENOTRANSPLANTATION
SOURCE ANIMAL SELECTION AND EXCLUSION OF LIKELY PATHOGENS
XENOSIS AND THE RETROVIRUSES
SAFETY IN CLINICAL TRIALS OF XENOTRANSPLANTATION
THE ADVANTAGES OF XENOTRANSPLANTATION
STRATEGIES FOR THE FUTURE: MINIMIZING THE RISKS TO PATIENTS AND THE COMMUNITY
Xenotransplantation
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