Catastrophic Politics :How Extraordinary Events Redefine Perceptions of Government

Publication subTitle :How Extraordinary Events Redefine Perceptions of Government

Author: Lonna Rae Atkeson;Cherie D. Maestas;  

Publisher: Cambridge University Press‎

Publication year: 2012

E-ISBN: 9781316967263

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9781107021129

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9781107021129

Subject: D Political and Legal

Keyword: 政治、法律

Language: ENG

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Description

Demonstrates how media information interacts with emotion in shaping a wide range of political opinions about government and political leaders. Strong emotions felt by the public during catastrophes - even if experienced only vicariously through media coverage - are a powerful motivator of public opinion and activism. By examining public opinion during one extraordinary event, the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, Atkeson and Maestas show how media information interacts with emotion in shaping a wide range of political opinions about government and political leaders. Strong emotions felt by the public during catastrophes - even if experienced only vicariously through media coverage - are a powerful motivator of public opinion and activism. By examining public opinion during one extraordinary event, the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, Atkeson and Maestas show how media information interacts with emotion in shaping a wide range of political opinions about government and political leaders. Shocking moments in society create an extraordinary political environment that permits political and opinion changes that are unlikely during times of normal politics. Strong emotions felt by the public during catastrophes - even if experienced only vicariously through media coverage - are a powerful motivator of public opinion and activism. This is particularly true when emotional reactions coincide with attributing blame to governmental agencies or officials. By examining public opinion during one extraordinary event, the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, Lonna Rae Atkeson and Cherie D. Maestas show how media information interacts with emotion in shaping a wide range of political opinions about government and political leaders. Catastrophic events bring citizens together, provide common experiences and information, and create opinions that transcend traditional political boundaries. These moments encourage citizens to re-examine their understanding of government, its leaders and its role in a society from a less partisan perspective. 1. Extraordinary events and public opinion; 2. A theoretical framework for systematically examining extraordinary events; 3. The media message environment and the emotional context of Hurricane Katrina; 4. Affective attributions: assigning blame during extraordinary times; 5. Federalism in a multiple message environment: are the appropriate leaders held accountable?; 6. Attributions of blame, political efficiency, and confidence in government; 7. Attributions, emotions, and policy consequences; 8. Extraordinary events and public opinion: some broader perspectives. 'Hurricane Katrina shocked the world. Atkeson and Maestas study how Hurricane Katrina changed American politics, and develop a framework that scholars will use to understand the political consequences of future extraordinary events. This is a fantastic book!' R. Michael Alvarez, California Institute of Technology 'As politicians know, not all politics is routine, yet most studies of public opinion fail to recognize this simple fact. Atkeson and Maestas provide a compelling argument and persuasive evidence about how extraordinary events are unique in their consequences for individuals' civic and partisan attitudes. At a time when laboratory and field experiments have gained such currency in the discipline, it is refreshing to see survey data used so creatively to advance our understanding of contemporary politics and public opinion.' Jan E. Leighley, American Universi

Chapter

HURRICANE KATRINA AS A TEST CASE

ADVANTAGES AND LIMITS OF OUR TESTS

OVERVIEW OF THE BOOK

The Emotional Underpinnings of Post-crisis Attitudes

Media Coverage, Emotional Engagement, and Causal Attributions after Hurricane Katrina

The Effect of Causal Attributions on Political Evaluations and Policy Preferences

2 A Theoretical Framework for Systematically Examining Extraordinary Events

NORMAL POLITICS VERSUS EXTRAORDINARY MOMENTS

EXTRAORDINARY EVENTS AS POLITICAL CONTEXT

MEDIA COVERAGE AND THE INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT IN EXTRAORDINARY EVENTS

PUBLIC REACTIONS: AFFECTIVE ATTRIBUTIONS OF BLAME IN TIMES OF CRISES

AFFECTIVE ATTRIBUTIONS AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES FOR POLITICAL OPINIONS

AFFECTIVE ATTRIBUTIONS AND THE ANGER–PUNISHMENT LINK

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

3 The Media Message Environment and the Emotional Context of Hurricane Katrina

MEDIA DATA

PUBLIC ATTENTIVENESS AND MEDIA SELECTION FOLLOWING HURRICANE KATRINA

EMOTIONAL PRIMES IN COVERAGE OF HURRICANE KATRINA

AFFECTIVE ENGAGEMENT OF THE PUBLIC

MEDIA, POLITICS, AND BLAME FOLLOWING HURRICANE KATRINA

Analysis of Media Coverage of Hurricane Katrina

“Nature of Catastrophe” Frame

“Societal Breakdown” Frame

NON-EVACUATION FRAME.

CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR.

NON-EVACUATION FRAME.

CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR.

Government-Centered “Blame Game” Frames

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BLAME FRAME.

STATE AND LOCAL BLAME IN A FEDERALIST CONTEXT.

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BLAME FRAME.

STATE AND LOCAL BLAME IN A FEDERALIST CONTEXT.

“Nature of Catastrophe” Frame

“Societal Breakdown” Frame

NON-EVACUATION FRAME.

CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR.

NON-EVACUATION FRAME.

CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR.

Government-Centered “Blame Game” Frames

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BLAME FRAME.

STATE AND LOCAL BLAME IN A FEDERALIST CONTEXT.

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT BLAME FRAME.

STATE AND LOCAL BLAME IN A FEDERALIST CONTEXT.

Attributions by Television Source

Timing of Attributions

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

4 Affective Attributions: Assigning Blame During Extraordinary Times

PUBLIC AGREEMENT WITH BLAME FRAMES

EMPIRICAL EXPECTATIONS FROM THE THEORY OF AFFECTIVE ATTRIBUTIONS

EMPIRICAL MODELS AND RESULTS, ATTRIBUTIONS OF BLAME

Partisanship, Emotion, and Blame Based on Predicted Probabilities

Aggregate Level Effects of the Micro-Level Process

RACE AND ATTRIBUTIONS OF BLAME

Summary

THE EMOTIONAL FALLOUT FROM ATTRIBUTION OF BLAME

EMPIRICAL MODELS AND RESULTS, ANGER

Predicted Probabilities of Feeling Anger

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

5 Federalism in a Multiple-Message Environment: Are the Appropriate Leaders Held Accountable?

EVALUATIONS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF LEADERS DURING HURRICANE KATRINA

ATTRIBUTIONS AND THE ASSIGNMENT OF POLITICAL RESPONSIBILITY

MULTIPLE MESSAGES, FEDERALISM, AND ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY

EMPIRICAL MODELS AND RESULTS

Attributions of Blame Results

Independent and Combined Effects of Party Identification and Attributions

Other Results

DIRECT EFFECTS OF ANXIETY AND ANGER ON EVALUATION

CONDITIONAL EFFECTS OF ANGER ON EVALUATION

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

6 Attributions of Blame, Political Efficacy, and Confidence in Government

PUBLIC CONFIDENCE IN GOVERNMENT

EFFICACY, CONFIDENCE, AND THE CASE OF HURRICANE KATRINA

Empirical Analysis of External Efficacy

Results of the Empirical Analysis

EMPIRICAL RESULTS, CONFIDENCE IN GOVERNMENT

Empirical Results for Confidence in the Government’s Ability to Handle Future Catastrophes

Generalized Lowered Confidence

EXAMINING LONGER-TERM EFFECTS OF KATRINA WITH A CUING EXPERIMENT

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

7 Attributions, Emotions, and Policy Consequences

INFORMATIONAL AND PUNITIVE POLICY PROPOSALS FOLLOWING HURRICANE KATRINA

Limiting the President

Appointing an Independent Commission

Penalties for Non-Evacuees

Other Controls Included in All Three Models

RESULTS OF ORDERED-PROBIT MODELS OF AGREEMENT WITH PROPOSED POLICIES

A CLOSER LOOK AT LIMITING PRESIDENTIAL AUTHORITY AND UNDERSTANDING THE INFLUENCE OF EMOTION

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

8 Extraordinary Events and Public Opinion: Some Broader Perspectives

A REVIEW OF INDIVIDUAL-LEVEL FINDINGS

COLLECTIVE TRAUMA, SHARED HISTORY, AND THE POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS OF DISASTERS

Catastrophes and Partisan Realignment?

Do Extraordinary Events Matter More in Today’s Media Environment?

SOME FINAL NORMATIVE THOUGHTS

Appendix A Survey Data and Methodology

Appendix B Data and Methodology for Survey Experiment

Appendix C Coding of News Transcripts and Video Data

Appendix D Multivariate Model Results for Chapter 4

Appendix E Multivariate Model Results for Chapter 5

Appendix F Multivariate Model Results for Chapter 6

Appendix G Multivariate Model Results for Chapter 7

References

Index

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