A Monetary History of the Ottoman Empire ( Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization )

Publication series :Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization

Author: Sevket Pamuk;  

Publisher: Cambridge University Press‎

Publication year: 2004

E-ISBN: 9781316924174

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780521617116

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780521617116

Subject: K3 Asian History

Keyword: 亚洲史

Language: ENG

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Description

An important book on the monetary history of the Ottoman empire by a leading economic historian. This volume examines the monetary history of the Ottoman empire from the fourteenth century until the end of World War I. It also discusses the implications of monetary developments for social and political history. This is an important book by one of the most distinguished economic historians in the field. This volume examines the monetary history of the Ottoman empire from the fourteenth century until the end of World War I. It also discusses the implications of monetary developments for social and political history. This is an important book by one of the most distinguished economic historians in the field. The Ottoman empire stood at the crossroads of intercontinental trade at the dawn of the era of capitalism. This volume examines the monetary history of that empire from its beginnings in the fourteenth century to the end of the first world war. Through a detailed examination of the currencies and related institutions of an empire which stretched from the Balkans through Anatolia, Syria, Egypt and the Gulf to the Maghrib, the book demonstrates the complexity of the monetary arrangements and their evolution in response to both local developments and global economic forces. The volume also affords some valuable insights into social and political history and the evolution of Ottoman institutions. This is an important book by one of the most distinguished economic historians in the field. List of maps, graphs and tables; List of illustrations; Preface; Acknowledgments; Note on transliteration; 1. Introduction; 2. Trade and money at the origins; 3. Interventionism and debasements as policy; 4. The emerging monetary system; 5. Credit and finance; 6. Money and empire; 7. The price revolution in the Near East revisited; 8. Debasement and disintegration; 9. In the absence of domestic currency; 10. The new Kurus; 11. Linkages with the periphery; 12. The great debasement; 13. From bimetallism to the “limping gold standard”; 14. Conclusions; Appendices; Bibliography; Index. 'This book is valuable both as a detailed history of money throughout the Ottoman period and as a challenge to various established views on Ottoman history.' Journal of Islamic Studies 'This book is a singular triumph, a masterpiece (albeit one to be expected from such an eminent economic historian) and indispensable for European economic historians.' John Munro, EH.NET '… this is an impressive work … this book presents new results and should stimulate further research. Buy it for the numismatics, and get all the rest for free.' Scandinavian Economic History Review

Chapter

Ottoman economic policies

Money, economy, and the Ottoman state

A periodization

CHAPTER 2 Trade and money at the origins

Gold and Silver; East and west

Byzantine Empire and the Balkans

Early Ottoman coinage

Mints and their administration

Silver mines

Copper coinage

CHAPTER 3 Interventionism and debasements as policy

Centralization and interventionism

The silver famines

The debasements of Mehmed II

Motives and explanations

Towards a political economy of Ottoman debasements

CHAPTER 4 The emerging monetary system

The gold sultani: an "international" coin

Foreign coins

Gold-silver-copper

Bimetallism or silver monometallism?

Increasing use of money

CHAPTER 5 Credit and finance

Credit

Business partnerships

State finances and financing the state

CHAPTER 6 Money and empire

Monetary zones within the empire

The Balkans

Egypt

The shahi zone

The Crimean akce

The Maghrib

Algeria

Tunis

Tripoli

CHAPTER 7 The Price Revolution in the Near East revisited

Competing explanations

New evidence and a review of the old

Why did prices rise in the Near East?

Long-term consequences of the Price Revolution

CHAPTER 8 Debasement and disintegration

The debasement of 1585-86: a turning point?

Fiscal crises and monetary instability

Disappearance of the akce

CHAPTER 9 In the absence of domestic currency

Debased coinage in Ottoman markets

Belated government intervention

The return of copper coinage

CHAPTER 10 The new Ottoman kurus

The Ottoman kurus

Economic expansion and fiscal stability

Fiscal troubles and depreciation of the kurus

CHAPTER 11 Linkages with the periphery

The para in Egypt

The riyal of Tunis

Algeria

Tripoli

Crimea

Convergence of currencies

CHAPTER 12 The Great Debasement

Attempts at financial centralization

Evolution of internal borrowing

The Great Debasement (1808-34)

Financing the state: The Galata bankers

CHAPTER 13 From bimetallism to the "limping gold standard"

Integration to the world economy

Bimetallism, new coinage, and paper money

Banks for lending to the state

External borrowing

The limping gold standard

Commercial banking

The financing of World War I

CHAPTER 14 Conclusions

APPENDIX I Excerpts from Ottoman Laws on taxation, money, mints, and mines

APPENDIX II Price indices for Istanbul, 1469-1914

APPENDIX III A note on basic economic and monetary magnitudes

Money in the Ottoman Empire

Fourteenth and fifteenth centuries

Sixteenth and seventeenth centuries

Eighteenth century

Ninteenth century

Bibliography

Index

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