Description

This book approaches the topic of argumentation from the perspective of audiences, rather than the perspective of arguers or arguments. This book shifts the focus in the philosophy of argument and argumentation theory from arguments themselves onto how they are experienced by audiences. The resulting insights about the nature of different audiences and their receptiveness to argumentation will assist the construction of persuasive arguments in politics, law and social policy. This book shifts the focus in the philosophy of argument and argumentation theory from arguments themselves onto how they are experienced by audiences. The resulting insights about the nature of different audiences and their receptiveness to argumentation will assist the construction of persuasive arguments in politics, law and social policy. Recent work in argumentation theory has emphasized the nature of arguers and arguments along with various theoretical perspectives. Less attention has been given to the third feature of any argumentative situation - the audience. This book fills that gap by studying audience reception to argumentation and the problems that come to light as a result of this shift in focus. Christopher W. Tindale advances the tacit theories of several earlier thinkers by addressing the central problems connected with audience considerations in argumentation, problems that earlier philosophical theories overlook or inadequately accommodate. The main tools employed in exploring the central issues are drawn from contemporary philosophical research on meaning, testimony, emotion and agency. These are then combined with some of the major insights of recent rhetorical work in argumentation to advance our understanding of audiences and suggest avenues for further research. 1. The role of audience in a theory of argumentation; 2. Argumentation and its issues; 3. Aristotle and the natures of audiences; 4. Perelman's audiences: a meeting of minds; 5. Habermas and the ideal audience; 6. Meaning and reasons; 7. Evidence and reasons: the place of testimony; 8. Emotion and reasons; 9. Agency and reasons; 10. Making meaning present; 11. Audiences and addressees: the experience of reception; 12. Historical arguments and elective audiences.