Chapter
Chapter II Neuropathology of Insomnia in the Adult: Still an Enigma!
2. The Structures Inhibiting Waking Systems
3. The Structures Carrying on Sleep
4. The Structures Responsible for Waking State
4.1 The Structures Responsible for “Need for Sleep”
5. General Influences (« Allostatic »)
Discussion and Conclusion
Chapter III Non-Pharmacological Alternatives for the Treatment of Insomnia – Instrumental EEG Conditioning, a New Alternative?
3. Diagnosis and Classification of Insomnia
4. Pathophysiology of Primary Insomnia
5.1 Pharmacological Treatment
5.2 Non-Pharmacological Treatment of Insomnia
5.3 Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
5.5 Instrumental EEG Conditioning (IEC)
5.5.1 Instrumental SMR Conditioning (ISC) and its Impact on Sleep Quality and Declarative Learning
6. Prospects: ISC as Treatment for Primary Insomnia?
Chapter IV A Novel Disease Condition Presenting with Insomnia and Hypersomnia Asynchronization
2. Insomnia and Hypersomnia Among Japan Youth
2.1. Recent Statistics of Bedtime and Sleep Duration
2.2. Complaints of Young People with Nocturnal Lifestyle
3. Nocturnal Lifestyles and Behaviors
3.1. Adults and Older Children
3.2. Studies on Preschoolers
4. Nocturnal Lifestyle and Neurological Systems
4.4. Reported Disease Conditions Associated with Circadian Disruption
5.1. Presumable Pathophysiology
5.2. Potential Therapeutic Approaches
5.2.2. Conventional Approaches
5.2.2.2.2. Antidepressants
5.2.2.2.3. Melatonin and its Agonists
5.2.2.3. Physical activity
5.2.3. Alternative Approaches
5.2.3.2. Rhythmic Movements
5.2.3.4. Control of the Autonomic Nervous System
Chapter V Aggression in Older Adult Populations
I. Introduction and Background
II. Aggression in Elderly Patients with Medical Conditions
A. Delirium and Toxic States
B. Drug-Drug Interactions
III. Aggression in Elderly Patients with Dementia
Management of Behavioral Symptoms of Dementia
IV. Aggression in Elderly Patients with Mood, Anxiety and Primary Psychotic Disorders
Geriatric Mood, Anxiety and Primary Psychotic Disorder: Prevalence and Symptoms
Treatment of Elderly Populations with Mood, Anxiety and Primary Psychotic Disorders
Non-Pharmacological Interventions
V. Future Outlook and Needed Research
Chapter VI The Impact of Cultural Changes on the Relationship between Senior Sleep Disturbance and Body Mass Index among Older Adults in Two Asian Societies
Selected Abbreviations ad Acronyms
A Strong Contrast of the Elderly Populations Exists Between Two Societies
The Necessity of a Cross-Cultural Evaluation
The Taiwanese Census Data
The Filipinos Census Data
Clinical Research Materials used in this Article for Comparison
The Classification of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Criteria Commonly used in Applying Apnea-Hypopnea-Index (AHI)
Sleeping Apnea in a Taiwanese Sleep Study
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
AHI: Decile and the Quartile Distributions
2]. Quartile Distribution
A Novel Finding Of AHI: A Quantile-Quantile Plots (Q-Q Plots)
The Effect of BMI Grouping on the Frequency of Snoring in a Taiwanese Study
The Comparison of BMI among Three Sleep Studies between Two Societies
The Significance of Marginally Not Significant (P Value = 0.069, Instead Of 0.05) in Measurement (Table 3)
The Importance of Gender Factor
The Importance of Who was Doing Measurement of Height and Weight
The Significance of Asian BMI
Underweight and Overweight
Latent Clinical Factors for the Elderly People
Health Insurance Coverage and its Effect on Sleep Education and Sleep Studies
The Poor Elderly Get Less Sleep
National Health Insurance
Limitations of Cross-Cultural Sleep Studies
Chapter VII A Novel Model Using Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) for Estimating Sleep Apnea Index in the Elderly Suffering from Sleep Disturbance
Clinical Subjects and Materials
Nocturnal in-Laboratory Polysomnography
Clinical Classification of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Comparison with the Results of other Regression Models
Comparison with Results of other Studies
Comments on Sensitivity and Specificity
The Reason Why We Selected AHI Cut Off of 13 Events per Hours is as Follows
Cost Effectiveness Assessment of our Model
Chapter VIII Hormones and Insomnia
Sleep-Endocrine Changes in Patients with Insomnia
Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenocortical (HPA) System
Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Somatotrophic (HPS) System
Chapter IX Insomnia Among Suicidal Adolescents and Young Adults: A Modifiable Risk Factor of Suicidal Behaviour and A Warning Sign of Suicide?
2. Insomnia and Suicidality Among Adults and Adolescents
2.1. Epidemiological Studies
2.1.1. Insomnia and Impact on Health Among Ordinary Adults and Adolescents
2.1.2. Insomnia Among Suicidal Adults and Adolescents
2.2.1. Insomnia Among Adults: Attempted Suicide and Related Suicidal Phenomena
2.2.2. Insomnia Among Adolescents: Attempted Suicide and Related Suicidal Phenomena
2.2.3. Insomnia Among Suicidal Adolescents: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
2.2.4. Insomnia Among Adults and Adolescents: Suicide
2.3. Reviews: Adults and Adolescents
Chapter X Melatonin and Nocturia
The Causes of Nocturia in the Elderly
The Causes of Nocturnal Polyuria
The Causes of Diminished Nocturnal Bladder Capacity
Why Nocturia is Troublesome?
Can Melatonin Improve Nocturia?
Melatonin for Treatment of Nocturia
Chapter XI Melatonin and Other Sleep-Promoting Melatoninergic Drugs Under the Aspects of Binding Properties and Metabolism
Binding Sites, Receptor Affinity and Half-Life
Profound Differences in Metabolism and Their Consequences
Versatility Versus Selectivity: Advantage or Disadvantage?
Chapter XII Melatonin for Medical Treatment of Childhood Insomnias
Physiology and Pathophysiologiy of Melaton in Secretion
Melatonin in the Treatment of Sleep Disorders
Effect Profile and Side Effects
Chapter XIII Melatonin: Its Significance with Special Reference to Sedation and Anesthesia
2. Effect of Melatonin on Anesthesia
2a. Relief of Preoperative Stress - Premedication
2b. Melatonin and General Anesthesia
2c. Effect of Melatonin on Postoperative Outcome
3. Effect of Anesthesia and Traditional Sedative Techniques on Melatonin
Chapter XIV Sleep Disturbance in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Diagnostic and Symptomatological Evaluation
Chapter XV Effects of Sunbathing on Insomnia, Behavioural Disturbance and Serum Melatonin Level
Serum Levels of Melatonin and Cortisol
Effects of Melatonin on Insomnia and Behavioural Disturbance
The Elderly and Persons with Dementia
Chapter XVI Neuroimaging Insights into Insomnia
2. Structural and Functional Imaging in Insomnia
3. Functional Imaging of Hypnotic Drugs Response in Healthy Individuals
4. Daytime Functioning Impairments
5. Hyperarousal Hypothesis in Insomnia
5.1. Insomnia and Hyperarousal
5.2. Locus Coeruleus and Arousal
6. Insomnia and Depression
6.1. Hyperarousal Hypothesis in Depression
7. Neuroimaging of Sleep in Depression
Chapter XVII Neuroimaging Insights into the Dreaming Brain
Modern History of Dream Research
Neuroimaging View in REM Sleep Physiology
Distribution of Brain Activity during REM Sleep
Transient Activations during REM Sleep
Integration of Brain Mapping with Dreaming Data
Dream, REM Sleep and Psychiatric Illnesses
Melatonin, Sleep and Insomnia
( Endocrinology Research and Clinical Developments )
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